ASTM F1988-99(2008)

Standard Performance Requirements for Plastic Chaise Lounges, With or Without Moving Arms, With Adjustable Backs, for Outdoor Use

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tests and criteria as outlined determine the overall usability and stability of chairs in an environment simulating the conditions of use.
Tests simulate two types of surfaces:
Smooth surfaces such as linoleum, wet pool decks, etc. The glass testing base (see Fig. 5) is used to simulate this surface.
Rough surfaces such as wooden decks, outdoor natural surfaces, etc. The plywood testing base (see Fig. 6) is used to simulate this surface.
Note 1—
A = poly(methyl methacrylate) 0.25 ± 0.03 in. (6 ± 0.1 mm) thickness,
B = AC exterior glue fir plywood 0.75 ± 0.1 in. (19 ± 2 mm) or greater thickness,
C = polypropylene microfoam 0.7± 0.01 lb/ft3 (11 ± 0.2 kg/m3) density and 0.13 ± 0.01 in. (3 ± 0.03 mm) thickness, and
D = glass/tempered 0.38 ± 0.04 in. (10 ± 0.1 mm) thickness.
Note 2—A, B,C, and D are sheets roughly 48 in. (1219 mm) on a side or greater to accommodate the length of the chaise lounge. FIG. 5 Glass Testing Base
Note 1—
A = poly(methyl methacrylate) 0.25 ± 0.03 in. (6 ± 0.1 mm) thickness, and
B = AC exterior glue fir plywood 0.75 ± 0.1 in. (19 ± 2 mm) or greater thickness.
Note 2—A and B are sheets roughly 48 in. (1219 mm) on a side or greater to accommodate the length of the chaise lounge. FIG. 6 Plywood Testing Base
SCOPE
1.1 These performance requirements establish nationally recognized performance requirements for Class A (residential) and Class B (nonresidential) plastic chaise lounges, with or without moving arms, with adjustable backs, intended for outdoor use.
1.2 The performance requirements are not applicable to upholstered chairs, or other types of furniture.
1.3 These performance requirements cover the performance of the product regarding aspects of outdoor weathering, impact, static load for seat and back, and arm testing.
1.4 Products may be manufactured from recycled plastics as long as the performance requirements are met.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2008
• ICS: 97.140 - Furniture
• Technical Committee: F15 - Consumer Products
• Drafting Committee: F15.33 - Outdoor Plastic Lawn Furniture

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F1988-99(2004)e1 - Standard Performance Requirements for Plastic Chaise Lounges, With or Without Moving Arms, With Adjustable Backs, for Outdoor Use
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1988 − 99(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Performance Requirements for
Plastic Chaise Lounges, With or Without Moving Arms, With
Adjustable Backs, for Outdoor Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1988; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope of Nonmetallic Materials (Withdrawn 2000)
1.1 These performance requirements establish nationally
3. Terminology
recognized performance requirements for Class A (residential)
and Class B (nonresidential) plastic chaise lounges, with or
3.1 Definitions:
without moving arms, with adjustable backs, intended for
3.1.1 plastic chaise lounges with adjustable backs, n—for
outdoor use.
the purposes of these requirements, a molded, upright piece of
furniture with arms, intended for seating one person, having a
1.2 The performance requirements are not applicable to
seat height not less than 9 in. (229 mm) and not greater than 15
upholstered chairs, or other types of furniture.
in. (381 mm) with the seat and back in the most upright
1.3 These performance requirements cover the performance
position; having a seat width not less than 22 in. (559 mm) and
oftheproductregardingaspectsofoutdoorweathering,impact,
not greater than 27 in. (686 mm); and having an overall length
static load for seat and back, and arm testing.
notlessthan70in.(1778mm)andnotgreaterthan78in.(1981
1.4 Products may be manufactured from recycled plastics as
mm) (see Fig. 1).
long as the performance requirements are met.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—These requirements are applicable to
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
folding plastic chaise lounges with adjustable backs (see Fig.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
2), non-folding plastic chaise lounges with adjustable backs
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
(see Fig. 3), and solid stacking plastic chaise lounges with
and are not considered standard.
adjustable backs (see Fig. 4).
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1.2 Discussion—Class A (residential) plastic chaise
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the lounges are intended for outdoor use by the customer around
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the house.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1.3 Discussion—Class B (nonresidential) plastic chaise
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lounges are intended for outdoor use by the customer in all
other areas, including those defined as Class A.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Significance and Use
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
4.1 Tests and criteria as outlined determine the overall
D2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-
usability and stability of chairs in an environment simulating
tended for Outdoor Applications
the conditions of use.
D4329 Practice for Fluorescent UV Exposure of Plastics
G23 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus
4.2 Tests simulate two types of surfaces:
(Carbon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Exposure
4.2.1 Smooth surfaces such as linoleum, wet pool decks,
etc. The glass testing base (see Fig. 5) is used to simulate this
surface.
These performance requirements are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit-
tee F15 on Consumer Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.2.2 Roughsurfacessuchaswoodendecks,outdoornatural
F15.33 on Outdoor Plastic Lawn Furniture.
surfaces, etc. The plywood testing base (see Fig. 6) is used to
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
ε1 simulate this surface.
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F1988 – 99 (2004) .
DOI: 10.1520/F1988-99R08.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1988 − 99 (2008)
FIG. 2 Folding Plastic Chaise Lounge with Adjustable Back
NOTE 1—
a = seat height with the chaise lounge seat and back in the most upright
position,
b = seat width,
c = overall length,
d = the geometric center is at the center of these points and sides of leg
rest, and
e = the geometric center is at the center of these points and sides of seat.
FIG. 1 Measurements of a Plastic Chaise Lounge
5. Apparatus
5.1 Plastic Chaise Lounges, with or without moving arms,
with adjustable backs, which have been inspected and met a
manufacturers internal quality standards.
5.2 One-Heavy-Weight Canvas or Leather Bag,16in. 60.2
in. (406 mm 6 5.1 mm) in diameter, which shall be measured
prior to testing to determine stretching, having a total measure-
ment not to exceed 17.5 in. (445 mm) in diameter when filled
FIG. 3 Non-folding Plastic Chaise Lounge with Adjustable Back
with steel or lead shot 0.09 to 0.12 in. (2.3 to 3.0 mm) in
diameter) to a total weight of 150 6 1.5-lb (68 6 0.7-kg). The
bag shall be fitted with a safety cable to prevent it from hitting steel or lead shot, or (2) barbell weights evenly distributed on
the glass testing base but should not interfere with the test. top of the steel or lead shot for a total weight of 250 6 2.5-lb
(113 6 1.1-kg).
5.3 One Heavy-Weight Canvas or Leather Bag, identical to
the bag in 5.2; however, the weight is increased by addition to 5.4 One-Heavy Weight Canvas or Leather Bag, identical to
the bag of 100 6 1.0-lb (45 6 0.5-kg) of either (1) additional the bag in 5.2; however, the weight is increased by addition to
F1988 − 99 (2008)
NOTE 1—
A = poly(methyl methacrylate) 0.25 6 0.03 in. (6 6 0.1 mm) thickness,
and
B = AC exterior glue fir plywood 0.75 6 0.1 in. (19 6 2 mm) or greater
thickness.
NOTE 2—A and B are sheets roughly 48 in. (1219 mm) on a side or
greater to accommodate the length of the chaise lounge.
FIG. 6 Plywood Testing Base
FIG. 4 Solid Stacking Plastic Chaise Lounge with Adjustable
Back
NOTE 1—
A = poly(methyl methacrylate) 0.25 6 0.03 in. (6 6 0.1 mm) thickness,
B = AC exterior glue fir plywood 0.75 6 0.1 in. (19 6 2 mm) or greater
thickness,
3 3
C = polypropylene microfoam 0.76 0.01 lb/ft (11 6 0.2 kg/m ) density
and 0.13 6 0.01 in. (3 6 0.03 mm) thickness, and
D = glass/tempered 0.38 6 0.04 in. (10 6 0.1 mm) thickness.
NOTE 2—A, B,C, and D are sheets roughly 48 in. (1219 mm) on a side
or greater to accommodate the length of the chaise lounge.
FIG. 5 Glass Testing Base
FIG. 7 Back Weight Apron
the bag of 150 6 1.5-lb (68 6 0.7-kg) of either (1) additional
steel or lead shot, or (2) barbell weights distributed evenly on
top of the steel or lead shot for a total weight of 300 6 3.0-lb
height, having appropriate straps, clips or clamps to hold the
(136 6 1.4-kg)
apron in place (see Fig. 7).
5.5 One-Heavy Weight Canvas or Leather Bag, identical to
5.9 250 Lb. (114 kg) Arm Testing Block, one block of
the bag in 5.2; however, the weight is increased by addition to
suitable material such as wood or metal, 42 6 0.4 in. (1067 6
the bag of 250 6 2.5-lb (113 6 1.1-kg) of either (1) additional
10.7 mm) in length and 7.0 6 0.7 in. (178 6 1.8 mm) in height
steel or lead shot, or (2) barbell weights distributed evenly on
and 4.0 6 10.4 in. (102 6 1.0 mm) in width, having additional
top of the steel or lead shot for a total weight of 400 6 4-lb
weights or supporting structure to obtain a total weight of 250
(181 6 1.8-kg).
6 2.5-lb (114 6 1.1-kg). The base of the block shall be 12 6
5.6 Glass Testing Base, as described in Fig. 5.
0.1 in. (305 6 3.1 mm) at the center, with the sides at a 15°
5.7 Plywood Testing Base, as described in Fig. 6. angle (see Fig. 8).
5.8 Back Weight Apron, one heavy-weight canvas or leather
apron, 19 6 0.2 in. (483 6 5.1 mm) in width and 28 6 0.3 in.
The 250-lb weight of the arm block may also be achieved by use of a
(711 67.6mm)inlength,havingsixpockets,(6 60.6in.(152
combination of a block of the dimensions as described above, and the use of the
6 15.2 mm) in width and 10 6 0.1 in. (254 6 2.5 mm) in force of an air cylinder to achieve a total applied weight of 250-lb.
F1988 − 99 (2008)
8.3.4 The specimens are to be exposed according to one of
the following procedures: (1) 1000 h in accordance with
Procedure B of Practice D2565 using Type B or BH xenon-arc
apparatus; (2) 720 h in accordance with Practice G23 using a
TypeEcarbon-arcweatheringdevice;(3)1000hinaccordance
with Cycle A of Practice D4329, using UVB313 bulbs; or (4)
2000 h in accordance with Cycle A of Practice D4329, using
UVA-340 bulbs. For Practice D2565 or Practice G23, the test
cycle shall consist of 102 min of light followed by 18 min of
light and spray. For Practice D4329, the test cycle shall consist
of8hof light followed by4hor dark with condensation. If
Practice G23, is used, the blackbody temperature shall be 145
6 5°F (63° 6 3°C).
8.4 Static Load Test for Seat:
8.4.1 Position the chaise lounge on the glass testing base
(see Fig. 5) as near as possible to the center of the glass, with
back locked in most forward position.
8.4.2 Apply the 300 6 3-lb (136 6 1.4-kg) bag at a speed
NOTE 1—
not to exceed 6 in. (152 mm)/s to the geometrical center of the
A = block, and
seat.
B = application of block to plastic chaise lounge.
8.4.3 Withdraw the weight from the seat after 10 61s.
FIG. 8 250 lb Arm Testing Block
8.4.4 Allow 10 6 1 s of recovery time.
8.4.5 Repeat 8.4.2-8.4.4 eight additional times.
5.10 Steel or Lead Shot, Six 25 6 1-lb (11 6 0.5-kg) bags.
8.4.6 Repeat 8.4.2 one time, allowing the weight to remain
on the seat for 30 min 6 10 s, and then withdraw the weight
6. Conditioning
from the seat.
6.1 Preconditionallplasticchaiseloungesforaminimumof
8.4.7 Observe and report any breaks, cracks, fractures, or
48 h at 65 to
...