ASTM D6419-00(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and Coldset Web Offset Printing Inks
Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and Coldset Web Offset Printing Inks
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is the procedure of choice for determining volatile content of sheet-fed and coldset web offset inks. This information is useful to the ink manufacturer and user and to environmental interests as part of the determination of the mass of volatile organic compounds emitted from the ink.
Note 3—Since these inks do not contain water or any materials currently classified by US EPA as negligibly photochemically reactive (exempt solvents), volatile organic compound content is the same as volatile content. The volatile organic compounds in these inks are high boiling hydrocarbon oils which are, according to US EPA guidelines, 95 % retained in the printed substrate or oxidized into the ink film. Therefore, the mass of volatile organic compound emitted from the ink would be calculated as only 5 % of the volatile organic compound content of the ink as derived from the results of this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determination of the weight percent volatile content of sheet-fed and coldset web offset printing inks. Test specimens are heated at 110° ± 1°C for 60 min.
Note 1—Coldset web offset printing is often (also) referred to as non-heatset web offset printing.
1.2 This test method is also applicable to sheet-fed and coldset web offset printing ink vehicles.
Note 2—Vehicle is the liquid portion of the printing ink. Any substance that is dissolved in the liquid portion of the ink is a part of the vehicle.
1.3 This test method is not applicable to ultra-violet (UV) or electron beam cured materials, which must be cured by exposure to UV light or an electron beam as part of the test for volatile content.
1.4 This test method is based on Test Method D2369, in which the allowable ranges are ±0.1g for specimen weight and ±5°C for oven temperature. Interlaboratory studies have shown that specimen weight and oven temperature must both be more tightly controlled in order to improve the precision of test results for sheet-fed and coldset web-offset inks. Such inks typically contain a wide range of high-boiling hydrocarbons and often have a volatile content below 25 %.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement see 7.5.1.
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Designation: D6419 − 00 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and Coldset Web Offset
Printing Inks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determina-
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
tion of the weight percent volatile content of sheet-fed and
D362 SpecificationforIndustrialGradeToluene(Withdrawn
coldset web offset printing inks. Test specimens are heated at
1989)
110° 6 1°C for 60 min.
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
NOTE 1—Coldset web offset printing is often (also) referred to as
Ventilation Ovens
non-heatset web offset printing.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.2 This test method is also applicable to sheet-fed and Determine the Precision of a Test Method
coldset web offset printing ink vehicles.
2.2 Other Standards:
EPA Reference Method 24 — Determination of Volatile
NOTE2—Vehicleistheliquidportionoftheprintingink.Anysubstance
Matter Content, Water Content, Density, Volume Solids,
that is dissolved in the liquid portion of the ink is a part of the vehicle.
and Weight Solids of Surface Coatings
1.3 Thistestmethodisnotapplicabletoultra-violet(UV)or
electron beam cured materials, which must be cured by 3. Summary of Test Method
exposure to UV light or an electron beam as part of the test for
3.1 A specimen size of 0.300 6 0.001 g is weighed into an
volatile content.
aluminumfoildish,dispersedin3mLoftoluene,andheatedin
an oven at 110 6 1°C for 60 min. The percent volatile is
1.4 This test method is based on Test Method D2369,in
calculated from the loss in weight.
whichtheallowablerangesare 60.1gforspecimenweightand
65°C for oven temperature. Interlaboratory studies have
4. Significance and Use
shown that specimen weight and oven temperature must both
be more tightly controlled in order to improve the precision of 4.1 This test method is the procedure of choice for deter-
test results for sheet-fed and coldset web-offset inks. Such inks
mining volatile content of sheet-fed and coldset web offset
typically contain a wide range of high-boiling hydrocarbons inks. This information is useful to the ink manufacturer and
and often have a volatile content below 25 %.
user and to environmental interests as part of the determination
of the mass of volatile organic compounds emitted from the
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ink.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
NOTE 3—Since these inks do not contain water or any materials
standard.
currently classified by US EPA as negligibly photochemically reactive
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(exempt solvents), volatile organic compound content is the same as
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the volatile content. The volatile organic compounds in these inks are high
boilinghydrocarbonoilswhichare,accordingtoUSEPAguidelines,95 %
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
hazard statement see 7.5.1.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint www.astm.org.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks. 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally www.access.gpo.gov.
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6419 – 00 (2005). Brezinski, J. J., ed., “Determination of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)
DOI: 10.1520/D6419-00R09. Content in Paints, Inks, and Related Coating Products,” MNL 4, ASTM, 1993.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6419 − 00 (Reapproved 2009)
retained in the printed substrate or oxidized into the ink film. Therefore,
7.5.1 Warning: In addition to other precautions, provide
the mass of volatile organic compound emitted from the ink would be
adequate ventilation, consistent with accepted laboratory prac-
calculated as only 5 % of the volatile organic compound content of the ink
tice, to prevent solvent vapors from accumulating to a danger-
as derived from the results of this test method.
ous level.
5. Apparatus 7.6 Remove the dishes from the oven, place immediately in
a desiccator, cool to ambient temperature, and weigh to
5.1 Aluminum Foil Dishes, 58 mm in diameter by 18 mm
0.0001g. Record weight as W .
high with a smooth (planar) bottom surface. Precondition the
dishes for 30 min. in an oven at 110 6 1°C and store in a
8. Calculation
desiccator prior to use. Use tongs or rubber gloves or both, to
8.1 For each specimen, calculate the weight perce
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6419–00(Reapproved2005) Designation: D6419 – 00 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and Coldset Web Offset
Printing Inks
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6419; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determination of the weight percent volatile content of sheet-fed and coldset web
offset printing inks. Test specimens are heated at 110° 6 1°C for 60 min.
NOTE 1—Coldset web offset printing is often (also) referred to as non-heatset web offset printing.
1.2 This test method is also applicable to sheet-fed and coldset web offset printing ink vehicles.
NOTE 2—Vehicle is the liquid portion of the printing ink. Any substance that is dissolved in the liquid portion of the ink is a part of the vehicle.
1.3 This test method is not applicable to ultra-violet (UV) or electron beam cured materials, which must be cured by exposure
to UV light or an electron beam as part of the test for volatile content.
1.4 This test method is based on Test Method D2369, in which the allowable ranges are 60.1g for specimen weight and 65°C
for oven temperature. Interlaboratory studies have shown that specimen weight and oven temperature must both be more tightly
controlled in order to improve the precision of test results for sheet-fed and coldset web-offset inks. Such inks typically contain
a wide range of high-boiling hydrocarbons and often have a volatile content below 25 %.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement see 7.5.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
D362 Specification for Industrial Grade Toluene
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 Other Standards:
EPAReference Method 24 - — Determination of Volatile Matter Content, Water Content, Density, Volume Solids, and Weight
Solids of Surface Coatings
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A specimen size of 0.300 6 0.001 g is weighed into an aluminum foil dish, dispersed in 3 mL of toluene, and heated in
an oven at 110 6 1°C for 60 min. The percent volatile is calculated from the loss in weight.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is the procedure of choice for determining volatile content of sheet-fed and coldset web offset inks. This
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
Current edition approved Sept.Dec. 1, 2005.2009. Published September 2005.December 2009. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20002005
as D6419 – 00 (2005). DOI: 10.1520/D6419-00R059.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401 or Brezinski, J. J., ed.,
Determination of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content in Paints, Inks, and Related Coating Products, MNL 4, ASTM, 1993.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
Brezinski, J. J., ed., “Determination of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content in Paints, Inks, and Related Coating Products,” MNL 4, ASTM, 1993.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6419 – 00 (2009)
information is useful to the ink manufacturer and user and to environmental interests as part of the determination of the mass of
volatile organic compounds emitted from the ink.
NOTE 3—Since these inks do not contain water or any materials currently classified by US EPA as negligibly photochemically reactive (exempt
solvents), volatile organic compound content is the same as volatile content. The volatile organic compounds in these inks are high boiling hydrocarbon
oilswhichare,accordingtoUSEPAguidelines,95 %retainedintheprintedsubstrateoroxidizedintotheinkfilm.Therefore,themassofvolatileorganic
compound emitted from the ink would be calculated as only 5 % of the volatile organic compound content of the ink as derived from the results of this
test method.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Aluminum Foil Dishes, 58 mm in diameter by 18 mm high with a smooth (planar) bottom surface. Precondition the dishes
for 30 min. in an oven at 110 6 1°C and store in a desiccator prior to use. Use tongs or rubber gloves or both, to handle the dishes.
5.2 Desiccator, equipped with a general purpose desiccant such as anhydrous calcium sulfate.
5.3 Forced Draf
...
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