ASTM F1534-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Changes in Fire-Test-Response Characteristics of Cushioning Materials After Water Leaching
Standard Test Method for Determining Changes in Fire-Test-Response Characteristics of Cushioning Materials After Water Leaching
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The fire performance of a material or product is affected by a combination of its fire-test-response characteristics. Two of the most commonly determined fire-test-response characteristics of cushioning materials are the surface flammability, in accordance with Test Method D 3675, and the specific optical density of smoke, in accordance with Test Method E 662.
Cushioning materials used in upholstery applications are potentially exposed to leaching of the active ingredients due to (1) water solubility of the treating agents or (2) exposure to high humidity.
In view of the importance that the fire performance of the cushioning materials used in upholstery applications remain constant throughout their intended service life, this test method provides a means to test for the potential change in two fire-test-response characteristics due to leaching.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test method covers a procedure for leaching cushioning materials with water and determining changes in two specific fire-test-response characteristics: (1) the surface flammability, in accordance with Test Method D 3675, and (2) the specific optical density of smoke generated, in accordance with Test Method E 662.
1.2 In view of the wide variation in potential service conditions, it is likely that results of this leaching test will not give a direct correlation with service performance for all applications. However, the test method yields comparative data on which to base judgments as to expected service of cushioning materials and is useful in research and development work.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.
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Designation:F1534–05
Standard Test Method for
Determining Changes in Fire-Test-Response Characteristics
1
of Cushioning Materials After Water Leaching
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1534; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke
1.1 This fire-test-response test method covers a procedure
Generated by Solid Materials
for leaching cushioning materials with water and determining
changes in two specific fire-test-response characteristics: (1)
3. Terminology
the surface flammability, in accordance with Test Method
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
D3675, and (2) the specific optical density of smoke generated,
method and associated with fire issues refer to Terminology
in accordance with Test Method E662.
E176.
1.2 In view of the wide variation in potential service
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conditions, it is likely that results of this leaching test will not
3.2.1 cushioning, n—material used to isolate or reduce the
give a direct correlation with service performance for all
effect of externally applied shock or vibration forces, or both.
applications.However,thetestmethodyieldscomparativedata
3.2.2 fire performance, n—response of a material, product,
on which to base judgments as to expected service of cushion-
or assembly in a specific fire, other than a fire test involving
ing materials and is useful in research and development work.
controlled conditions (different from fire-test-response charac-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
teristic, q.v.).
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.2.2.1 Discussion—The ASTM Policy on Fire Standards
only.
distinguishes between the response of materials, products, or
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the
assemblies to heat and flame “under controlled conditions,”
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
which is fire-test-response characteristic, and “under actual fire
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
conditions,” which is fire performance. Fire performance
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
depends on the occasion or environment and may not be
assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under
measurable. In view of the limited availability of fire-
actual fire conditions.
performance data, the response to one or more fire tests,
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
appropriately recognized as representing end-use conditions, is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
generally used as a predictor of the fire performance of a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
material, product, or assembly.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.3 fire-test-response characteristic, n—response charac-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
teristic of a material, product, or assembly, to a prescribed
precautionary statements, see Section 7.
source of heat, or flame, under controlled fire conditions; such
2. Referenced Documents response characteristics may include but are not limited to ease
2
of ignition, flame spread, heat release, mass loss, smoke
2.1 ASTM Standards:
generation, fire resistance, and toxic potency of smoke.
D3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible
3.2.3.1 Discussion—A fire-test-response characteristic can
Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
be influenced by variable characteristics of the heat source,
such as its intensity, or of the burning environment, such as
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F33 on
ventilation,geometryofitemorenclosure,humidity,oroxygen
Detention and Correctional Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommit-
concentration. It is not an intrinsic property such as specific
tee F33.05 on Furnishings and Equipment.
heat, thermal conductivity, or heat of combustion, where the
Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F1534 – 00. DOI:
value is independent of test variables. A fire-test-response
10.1520/F1534-05.
characteristic may be described in one of several terms. Smoke
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
generation, for example, may be described as smoke opacity,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volum
...
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