ASTM C824-91(2020)

Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation for Determination of Linear Thermal Expansion of Vitreous Glass Enamels and Glass Enamel Frits by Dilatometer Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The dilatometer method of measuring linear thermal expansion of vitreous glass enamels and glass enamel frits has the advantage of simplicity, lends itself to automatic, self-recording arrangements, and requires test specimens of simple configuration.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of vitreous glass enamels and glass enamel frit specimens for the measurement of linear thermal expansion using Test Method E228.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2020
• ICS: 25.220.50 - Enamels
• Technical Committee: C14 - Glass and Glass Products
• Drafting Committee: C14.10 - Glass Decoration

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C824-91(2015) - Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation for Determination of Linear Thermal Expansion of Vitreous Glass Enamels and Glass Enamel Frits by the Dilatometer Method
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2020
• Refers: ASTM E228-11(2016) - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016
• Refers: ASTM E228-06 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Refers: ASTM E228-95 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer (Withdrawn 2005)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C824 − 91 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practice for
Specimen Preparation for Determination of Linear Thermal
Expansion of Vitreous Glass Enamels and Glass Enamel
Frits by Dilatometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Apparatus
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of vitreous glass 4.1 Powder Pressing Die, whose top and bottom sections
are free to move such that density variations within the bar are
enamels and glass enamel frit specimens for the measurement
of linear thermal expansion using Test Method E228. minimized (see Fig. 1).
4.2 Hydraulic Press.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4.3 Furnace,forfiringtestspecimen,electricallyheatedand
only.
controlledtoaminimumrateofheatingof1°C/minfromroom
temperature to the maximum temperature of the test. It shall be
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
so designed that the temperature variation over the length of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the test specimen shall be less than 2 °C during the entire range
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of heating.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.4 Scale or Caliper, capable of measuring the length of the
For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.
test specimen to an accuracy of 0.1 %.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Reagents and Materials
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Solution in Water—
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
(1 weight %).
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.2 Powder Sample.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6. Hazards
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Appropriate ventilation should be provided when han-
dling powdered frits or enamels containing toxic ingredients.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid
6.2 Ingestion or inhalation of test materials should be
Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer
avoided. Protective clothing such as gloves, respirators, etc.,
may be advisable. If ingestion occurs, seek medical attention
3. Significance and Use
immediately.
3.1 The dilatometer method of measuring linear thermal
6.3 Caution should be exercised when placing specimens in
expansion of vitreous glass enamels and glass enamel frits has
furnaces. Tongs and insulated gloves should be used. To avoid
the advantage of simplicity, lends itself to automatic, self-
accidental contact and serious thermal burns, care should be
recording arrangements,
...