ASTM E2751/E2751M-17
(Practice)Standard Practice for Design and Performance of Supported Laminated Glass Walkways
Standard Practice for Design and Performance of Supported Laminated Glass Walkways
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Glass is a brittle material with different time and temperature-dependent properties than other solid materials used as walkways surfaces. Therefore, the type of glass is an important consideration in the design and construction of glass treads and glass landings constructed with laminated glass.
4.2 Post-breakage glass retention is an important consideration in the design of a glass walkway system as a means of minimizing tripping, cutting/piercing injuries, or fall-through or fallout of the glass.
4.3 The structural design shall be confirmed by calculations by a licensed design professional in accordance with Section 5.
4.4 If testing is required (see 4.4.1 – 4.4.3) to verify post-glass breakage behavior of the glass walkway, the testing shall be in accordance with Section 6.
4.4.1 For laminates with two glass plies, verification testing is required.
4.4.2 For laminates with more than two glass plies, verification testing is not required provided that calculations completed in accordance with 4.3 demonstrate that the glass assembly has sufficient strength to sustain the full design load with any one glass ply broken.
4.4.3 When verifying post-breakage behavior by calculation, allowable glass stress for 10 min load duration in accordance with Table 1 shall be used for all load cases.
4.5 The manufacturer or designer of glass walkway systems shall provide installation directions and fabrication and installation tolerances of their systems.
4.6 The structural integrity of the glass walkway system after glass breakage shall be sufficient to support the design loads after any one glass ply is broken. If damage of any kind occurs, the walkway shall be cordoned off and the installation shall be inspected to ensure structural integrity and pedestrian safety of the system.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice addresses elements related to load-bearing glass walkways, glass treads, and glass landings constructed with laminated glass. This standard includes performance, design, and safe behavior considerations. It addresses the characteristics unique to glass and laminated glass. Issues that are common to all walkways, such as slip resistance, are addressed in existing referenced standards.
1.2 This practice does not address glass walkways constructed with monolithic glass, glass block, insulating glass units, glass tiles that are directly bonded to a non-glass structural substrate, or glass walkways intended to support vehicular traffic.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2751/E2751M − 17
Standard Practice for
Design and Performance of Supported Laminated Glass
1
Walkways
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2751/E2751M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C1028 TestMethodforDeterminingtheStaticCoefficientof
Friction of Ceramic Tile and Other Like Surfaces by the
1.1 This practice addresses elements related to load-bearing
Horizontal Dynamometer Pull-Meter Method (Withdrawn
glass walkways, glass treads, and glass landings constructed
3
2014)
with laminated glass. This standard includes performance,
C1036 Specification for Flat Glass
design, and safe behavior considerations. It addresses the
C1048 Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tem-
characteristics unique to glass and laminated glass. Issues that
pered Flat Glass
are common to all walkways, such as slip resistance, are
C1172 Specification for Laminated Architectural Flat Glass
addressed in existing referenced standards.
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
1.2 This practice does not address glass walkways con-
E1300 Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in
structed with monolithic glass, glass block, insulating glass
Buildings
units, glass tiles that are directly bonded to a non-glass
F609 Test Method for Using a Horizontal Pull Slipmeter
structural substrate, or glass walkways intended to support
(HPS)
vehicular traffic. 4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units ANSI/ASSETR-A1264.3-2007 ANSITechnical Report, Us-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in ingVariableAngleTribometers(VAT)forMeasurementof
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each the Slip Resistance of Walkway Surfaces
5
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
2.3 UL Standard:
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
UL 410 Standard for Safety for Slip Resistance of Floor
with the standard.
Surface Materials
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms related to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- building construction used in this practice, refer to Terminol-
ogy E631.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.1 duration of load—the period of continuous application
2
of a given load, or the aggregate of periods of intermittent
2.1 ASTM Standards:
applications of the same load.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Anyloaddurationlongerthanonehour
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-
shall be considered a permanent load. Uniformly distributed
mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.56 on
Performance of Railing Systems and Glass for Floors and Stairs.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017. Published January 2017. Originally
3
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E2751/E2751M–13. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/E2751_E2751M-17. www.astm.org.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,
the ASTM website. WA 98607-8542, http://www.ul.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2751/E2751M − 17
live loads shall have a load duration of at least one hour. 4.4.2 For laminates with more than two glass plies, verifi-
Concentrated live loads shall have a load duration of at least cation testing is not required provided that calculations com-
ten minutes. pleted in accordance with 4.3 demonstrate that the glass
assembly has sufficient strength to sustain the full design load
3.2.2 ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) interlayer—co-polymer
with any one glass ply broken.
of ethylene and vinyl acetate used to permanently bond two or
4.4.3 When verifying post-breakage behavior by
more lites of glass.
calculation, allowable glass stress for 10 min load duration
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2751/E2751M − 13 E2751/E2751M − 17
Standard Practice for
Design and Performance of Supported Laminated Glass
1
Walkways
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2751/E2751M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice addresses elements related to load-bearing glass walkways, glass treads, and glass landings constructed with
laminated glass. This standard includes performance, design, and safe behavior considerations. It addresses the characteristics
unique to glass and laminated glass. Issues that are common to all walkways, such as slip resistance, are addressed in existing
referenced standards.
1.2 This practice does not address glass walkways constructed with monolithic glass, glass block, insulating glass units, glass
tiles that are directly bonded to a non-glass structural substrate, or glass walkways intended to support vehicular traffic.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1028 Test Method for Determining the Static Coefficient of Friction of Ceramic Tile and Other Like Surfaces by the Horizontal
3
Dynamometer Pull-Meter Method (Withdrawn 2014)
C1036 Specification for Flat Glass
C1048 Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tempered Flat Glass
C1172 Specification for Laminated Architectural Flat Glass
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E1300 Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings
F609 Test Method for Using a Horizontal Pull Slipmeter (HPS)
4
2.2 ANSI Standards:Standard:
ANSI/ASSE TR-A1264.3-2007 ANSI Technical Report, Using Variable Angle Tribometers (VAT) for Measurement of the Slip
Resistance of Walkway Surfaces
5
2.3 UL Standards:Standard:
UL 410 Standard for Safety for Slip Resistance of Floor Surface Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms related to building construction used in this practice, refer to Terminology
E631.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.56 on Performance
of Railing Systems and Glass for Floors and Stairs.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Jan. 1, 2017. Published June 2013January 2017. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
E2751E2751/E2751M–12.–13. DOI: 10.1520/E2751_E2751M-13.10.1520/E2751_E2751M-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas, WA 98607-8542, http://www.ul.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2751/E2751M − 17
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 duration of load—the period of continuous application of a given load, or the aggregate of periods of intermittent
applications of the same load.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Any load duration longer than one hour shall be considered a permanent load. Uniformly distributed live loads shall have a load
duration of at least one hour. Concentrated live loads shall have a load duration of at least ten minutes.
3.2.2 ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) interlayer—co-polymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate used to permanently bond two or mor
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.