ASTM E998-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Architectural Glass Products Under the Influence of Uniform Static Loads
Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Architectural Glass Products Under the Influence of Uniform Static Loads
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is a general procedure for testing architectural glass products under uniform static loads.
5.2 Loads on glass in windows, curtain walls, and doors may vary greatly in magnitude, direction, and duration. An understanding of wind loads on the building is required for selection of test loads and interpretation of results with respect to expected exposure at a particular site.
5.3 A thorough understanding of the variations of the strength of glass and the nature of loading is required to interpret results of this test method.
5.4 The proper use of this test method requires a knowledge of the principles of pressure, deflection, and strain measurement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a general test procedure for load tests of glass subjected to uniform static loads. It is applicable for test protocols involving specified loads, load durations, and loading rates.
1.2 This test method is applicable to architectural flat glass of various types; for example, annealed, heat-strengthened, fully tempered, laminated, insulating, and combinations thereof.
1.3 This test method describes a process of applying specific test loads to glass. The test may be conducted using a standard test frame specified herein or a test frame of the user's design.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Section 7.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:E998 −19
Standard Test Method for
Structural Performance of Architectural Glass Products
1
Under the Influence of Uniform Static Loads
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E998; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C1048 Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tem-
pered Flat Glass
1.1 Thistestmethodisageneraltestprocedureforloadtests
C1172 Specification for Laminated Architectural Flat Glass
of glass subjected to uniform static loads. It is applicable for
C1376 Specification for Pyrolytic and Vacuum Deposition
test protocols involving specified loads, load durations, and
Coatings on Flat Glass
loading rates.
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
1.2 This test method is applicable to architectural flat glass
E1237 Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
of various types; for example, annealed, heat-strengthened,
E1561 Practice for Analysis of Strain Gage Rosette Data
fully tempered, laminated, insulating, and combinations
thereof. 3. Terminology
1.3 Thistestmethoddescribesaprocessofapplyingspecific 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms related to
test loads to glass. The test may be conducted using a standard building construction used in this test method refer to Termi-
test frame specified herein or a test frame of the user’s design. nology E631.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2.1 aspect ratio, n—a ratio of long side to short side of the
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
glass lite.
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
3.2.2 dry glazed system, n—a system with perimeter support
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
designed to limit lateral (out-of-plane) displacements of the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
glass specimen edges while minimizing rotational and in-plane
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
restraints of the glass specimen edges without adhesive mate-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
rial.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For specific precautionary statements see Section 7. 3.2.3 glass specimen, n—the glass to be tested, for example,
a single lite, an insulating glass unit, laminated glass, and so
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- forth (does not include test frame).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2.4 negative load, n—a load that results in the indoor side
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
of a glass specimen being the high-pressure side.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.5 permanent set of test frame, n—a load-induced perma-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
nent displacement from an original position of the test frame.
3.2.6 positive load, n—a load that results in the outdoor side
2. Referenced Documents
of a glass specimen being the high-pressure side.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.7 specifying authority, n—the professional or profes-
C1036 Specification for Flat Glass
sionals responsible for determining and furnishing the infor-
mation required to perform this test method as described in
Section 10.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.52
3.2.8 test load, n—magnitude of uniform load, load
on Glass Use in Buildings.
duration, and loading rate selected by the specifying authority.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E998–12. DOI:
4. Summary of Test Method
10.1520/E0998–19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1 This test method consists of:
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1.1 Glazing the test specimen into a test frame that is
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. mounted on or against a test chamber.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E998−19
4.1.2 Supplyi
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E99812E99819
Standard Test Method forStructural
Performance of Glass in Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Architectural
Glass Products Under the Influence of Uniform Static Loads by Nondestructive
Method1This
standard is issued under the fixed designation E998; the number immediately
following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the
case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates
the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial
change since the last revision or reapproval. Scope
This test method is a nondestructivegeneral
test procedure to establish the nature of stresses induced in for
load tests of glass subjected to uniform static loads. A procedure It
is provided for using this stress information to estimate the probability
of breakage of the glass. applicable for test protocols involving specified
loads, load durations, and loading rates.This
test method is applicable to architectural flat glass of various degrees
of temper; types; for example, annealed, heat-strengthened, fully
tempered, laminated, insulating, and combinations thereof.This
test method describes a process of applying specific test loads to glass. The
test may be conducted using thea standard test frame specified
herein or a test frame of the user’s design.The
values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that after
SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
use. For specific precautionary statements see Section 7.This
international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for
the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.Referenced
DocumentsASTM Standards:2C1036Specification
for Flat GlassC1048Specification
for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tempered Flat GlassC1172Specification
for Laminated Architectural Flat GlassC1376Specification
for Pyrolytic and Vacuum Deposition Coatings on Flat GlassE631Terminology
of Building ConstructionsE1237Guide
for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain GagesE1561Practice
for Analysis of Strain Gage Rosette DataTerminologyDefinitions:Definitions—For
definitions of general terms related to building construction used in this test
method refer to Terminology E631.For
definitions of general terms related to building construction used in this test
method refer to Terminology E631.Definitions
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of Terms Specific to This Standard:aspect
ratio—ratio, n—a
ratio of long side to short side of the glass lite.average
breaking stressdry glazed system, (ABS)—n—the
average maximum principal tensile stress (MPTS) at failure, representative a
system with perimeter support designed to limit lat
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