ASTM C34-13

Standard Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile

ABSTRACT
This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing wall tiles of the following grades: Grade LBX, suitable for general use in masonry construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to weathering; and Grade LB, suitable for general use in masonry where not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry where protected with a facing of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry. Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing), which must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements. Tiles shall adhere to water absorption, compressive strength, and dimensional (nominal thickness and mass) requirements specified for individual grades.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers structural clay load-bearing wall tile.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 5) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)  
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2013
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C34-12 - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2013
• Referred By: ASTM C652-22 - Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2013
• Referred By: ASTM C1232-21a - Standard Terminology for Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2013
• Referred By: ASTM C56-22 - Standard Specification for Structural Clay Nonloadbearing Tile
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C34 −13
Standard Specification for
1
Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C34; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification covers structural clay load-bearing 3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to structural clay
wall tile. load-bearing wall tile, refer to Terminology C1232.
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at
4. Classification
the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile
4.1 Two grades of tile are covered, as follows:
extracted from masonry structures for determining confor-
4.1.1 Grade LBX—Suitable for general use in masonry
mance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Sec-
construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to
tion5)ofthisstandardisbeyondthescopeofthisspecification.
weathering, provided they meet the durability requirements for
1.3 Tilecoveredbythisspecificationaremanufacturedfrom
Grade SW of Specification C216.
clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
4.1.2 Grade LB—Suitable for general use in masonry where
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing).
not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry
The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between
where protected with a facing of 3 in. (76.2 mm) or more of
the particulate constituents to provide the strength and dura-
stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry.
bility requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired
4.1.3 If tile having a particular color, texture, or finish are
bond in Terminology C1232.)
desired, these features shall be specified separately by the
purchaser.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
NOTE 1—Color of tile varies with the type of clay used and degree of
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
firing; hence, it cannot be taken as indicative of classification until after it
has been related to absorption and strength by actual tests.
considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
5. Physical Properties
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
5.1 Tile shall conform to the physical properties for the
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
grade specified as prescribed in Table 1.
and are not considered standard.
5.2 Tile of Grade LBX shall be accepted under all condi-
tions instead of Grade LB.
2. Referenced Documents
2
5.3 End-construction tile are tile designed to be placed in
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the wall with axes of the cells vertical. Side-construction tile
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
are tile designed to be placed in the wall with the axes of the
Structural Clay Tile
cells horizontal. Where end-construction tile are used on the
C216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units
side they shall conform to the requirements of side-
Made from Clay or Shale)
construction tile and vice versa.
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
5.4 Bonding tile shall be so designed as to provide recesses
for header brick courses when laid up in brick-faced walls.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 6. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile.
6.1 No overall dimension shall vary more than 3 % over or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally
approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C34 – 12. DOI: under the specified dimension for any form or size of tile.
10.1520/C0034-13.
2
NOTE 2—Purchasers and designers should ascertain the type and size of
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tile, modular or nonmodular, available in the locality under consideration
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and should specify accordingly, stating the size and type represented by
the ASTM website. the available tile.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C34−13
TABLE 1 P
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C34 − 12 C34 − 13
Standard Specification for
1
Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C34; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers structural clay loading-bearingload-bearing wall tile.
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile extracted
from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 45) of this
standard is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected
to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate
constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology
C1232.)
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to structural clay load-bearing wall tile, refer to Terminology C1232.
4. Classification
4.1 Two grades of tile are covered, as follows:
4.1.1 Grade LBX—Suitable for general use in masonry construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to weathering,
provided they meet the durability requirements for Grade SW of Specification C216.
4.1.2 Grade LB—Suitable for general use in masonry where not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry where
protected with a facing of 3 in. (76.2 mm) or more of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry.
4.1.3 If tile having a particular color, texture, or finish are desired, these features shall be specified separately by the purchaser.
NOTE 1—Color of tile varies with the type of clay used and degree of firing; hence, it cannot be taken as indicative of classification until after it has
been related to absorption and strength by actual tests.
5. Physical Properties
5.1 Structural clay load-bearing wall tile Tile shall conform to the physical properties for the grade specified as prescribed in
Table 1.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2013. Published January 2013December 2013. Originally approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 20102012
as C34 – 10.C34 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/C0034-12.10.1520/C0034-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C34 − 13
TABLE 1 Physical Properties
B
Maximum Water Minimum Compressive Strength (Based on Gross Area), psi (MPa)
A
Absorption by 1-h Boiling, %
End Construction Tile Side Construction Tile
Grade
Average of Average of Average of
Individual Individual Individual
Five Tests Five Tests Five Tests
LBX 16 19 1400 (9.6) 1000 (6.8) 700 (4.8) 500 (3.4)
LB 25 28 1000 (6.8) 700 (4.8) 700 (4.8) 500 (3.4)
A
The range in percentage absorption for tile delivered to any one job shall be not more than 12.
B
Gross area of a unit shall be determi
...