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ASTM D1835-20

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

ABSTRACT
This specification covers liquefied petroleum gases consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. The products are intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels. Care must be taken to in sampling of the liquefied gases for test results to be significant. All four types of liquefied petroleum gases covered by this specification should conform to the specified requirements for vapor pressure, volatile residue, residue matter, relative density, and corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to cover the common use applications.  
1.2 This specification is applicable to products intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 The non-SI unit ‘psig’ is the standard unit for footnote C of Table 1 because that unit of measurement is widely used in North American industry.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2020
ICS
75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.H0 - Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1835 −20
Standard Specification for
1
Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1835; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D1267 Test Method for Gauge Vapor Pressure of Liquefied
Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
1.1 This specification covers those products commonly
D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light
referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane,
Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials.
D1837 Test Method for Volatility of Liquefied Petroleum
Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to
3
(LP) Gases (Withdrawn 2017)
cover the common use applications.
D1838 TestMethodforCopperStripCorrosionbyLiquefied
1.2 This specification is applicable to products intended for
Petroleum (LP) Gases
use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine
D2158 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum
fuels.
(LP) Gases
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as D2163 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in
Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
provided for information only and are not considered standard. Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
D2420 Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquefied
1.3.1 The non-SI unit ‘psig’ is the standard unit for
footnote C of Table 1 because that unit of measurement is Petroleum (LP) Gases (Lead Acetate Method)
D2598 Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Proper-
widely used in North American industry.
ties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Composi-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tional Analysis
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D2713 Test Method for Dryness of Propane (Valve Freeze
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Method)
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Float-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ing Piston Cylinder
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
D5504 TestMethodforDeterminationofSulfurCompounds
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatogra-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
phy and Chemiluminescence
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D5623 Test Method for Sulfur Compounds in Light Petro-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
leum Liquids by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selec-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
tive Detection
D6667 Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile
2. Referenced Documents
Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
D6897 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petro-
Gases, Manual Method
leum Gases (LPG) (Expansion Method)
D7756 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum
(LP) Gases by Gas Chromatography with Liquid, On-
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Column Injection
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
D7828 Test Method for Determination of Residue Compo-
Subcommittee D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
sition in Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Using Auto-
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D1835 – 18a. DOI:
mated Thermal Desorption/Gas Chromatography (ATD/
10.1520/D1835-20.
GC)
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1835−20
D7994 Test Method for Total Fluorine, Chlorine, and Sulfur 3.1.4.1 Discussion—LPG is typically maintained in a liquid
in Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) by Oxidative Pyrohydro- state by containing it within a closed container or storage tank
lytic Combustion Followed by Ion Chrom
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1835 − 18a D1835 − 20
Standard Specification for
1
Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1835; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane, propene
(propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to cover the
common use applications.
1.2 This specification is applicable to products intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine
fuels.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.3.1 The non-SI unit ‘psig’ is the standard unit for footnote Bfootnote C of Table 1 because that unit of measurement is widely
used in North American industry.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method
D1267 Test Method for Gauge Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
3
D1837 Test Method for Volatility of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (Withdrawn 2017)
D1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
D2158 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
D2163 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene Mixtures by
Gas Chromatography
D2420 Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (Lead Acetate Method)
D2598 Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis
D2713 Test Method for Dryness of Propane (Valve Freeze Method)
D3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston Cylinder
D5504 Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and
Chemiluminescence
D5623 Test Method for Sulfur Compounds in Light Petroleum Liquids by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective Detection
D6667 Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018May 1, 2020. Published January 2019May 2020. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D1835
– 18.18a. DOI: 10.1520/D1835-18A.10.1520/D1835-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1835 − 20
D6897 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (Expansion Method)
D7756 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases by Gas Chromatography with Liquid, On-Column Injection
D7828 Test Method for Determination of Residue Composition in Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Using
...

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ASTM D1267-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Gauge Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Information on the vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products under temperature conditions from 37.8 °C to 70 °C (100 °F to 158 °F) is pertinent to selection of properly designed storage vessels, shipping containers, and customer utilization equipment to ensure safe handling of these products.  
5.2 Determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gas is important for safety reasons to ensure that the maximum operating design pressures of storage, handling, and fuel systems will not be exceeded under normal operating temperature conditions.  
5.3 For liquefied petroleum gases, vapor pressure can be considered a semi-quantitative measure of the amount of the most volatile material present in the product, and this can give an indication of low temperature operability.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gauge vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products at temperatures of 37.8 °C (100 °F) up to and including a test temperature of 70 °C (158 °F). (Warning—Extremely flammable gas. May be harmful when inhaled.)
Note 1: An alternative method for measurement of vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gases is Test Method D6897.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 1.1 and Annex A2.  
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ASTM D1265-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Samples of liquefied petroleum gases are examined by various test methods to determine physical and chemical characteristics and conformance with specifications.  
5.2 Equipment described by this practice may be suitable for transportation of LPG samples, subject to applicable transportation regulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers equipment and procedures for obtaining a representative sample of specification Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), such as specified in Specification D1835, GPA 2140, and comparable international standards. This standard is applicable to flow-through cylinders with two valves and is not applicable to single valve cylinders or larger LPG sample containers such as those utilized for barbecue grills and/or forklift cylinders.  
1.2 This practice is suitable for obtaining representative samples for all routine tests for LP gases required by Specification D1835. In the event of a dispute involving sample integrity when sampling for testing against Specification D1835 requirements, Practice D3700 shall be used as the referee sampling procedure.  
1.3 This practice may also be used for other Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) products that are normally highly volatile, single phase materials (NGL mix, natural gasoline, field butane, etc.), defined in other industry specifications or contractual agreements, where use of open sample containers would risk the loss of volatile components. It is not intended for non-specification products that contain significant quantities of undissolved gases (N2, CO2), free water or other separated phases, such as raw or unprocessed gas/liquids mixtures and related materials. The same equipment can be used for these purposes, but additional precautions are generally needed to obtain representative samples of multiphase products (see Appendix X1 on Sampling Guidelines in Practice D3700).
Note 1: Practice D3700 describes a recommended practice for obtaining a representative sample of a light hydrocarbon fluid and the subsequent preparation of that sample for laboratory analysis when dissolved gases are present. Use of Practice D1265 will result in a small but predictable low bias for dissolved gases due to the liquid venting procedure to establish the 20 % minimum ullage.  
1.4 This practice includes recommendations for the location of a sample point in a line or vessel. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the sampling point is located so as to obtain a representative sample.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.5.1 Exception—Non-SI units are shown in parentheses for information only.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
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ASTM D5305-23(Test Method)
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ASTM D2163-23e1(Test Method)
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SCOPE
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1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D1835-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

ABSTRACT
This specification covers liquefied petroleum gases consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. The products are intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels. Care must be taken to in sampling of the liquefied gases for test results to be significant. All four types of liquefied petroleum gases covered by this specification should conform to the specified requirements for vapor pressure, volatile residue, residue matter, relative density, and corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to cover the common use applications.  
1.2 This specification is applicable to products intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 The non-SI unit ‘psig’ is the standard unit for footnote C of Table 1 because that unit of measurement is widely used in North American industry.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D2158-21(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Control over the residue content (required by Specification D1835) is of considerable importance in end-use applications of LPG. In liquid feed systems, residues can lead to troublesome deposits and, in vapor withdrawal systems, residues that are carried over can foul regulating equipment. Residues that remain in vapor-withdrawal systems will accumulate, can be corrosive, and will contaminate subsequent product. Water, particularly if alkaline, can cause failure of regulating equipment and corrosion of metals.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain certain anti-icing additives can give erroneous results by this test method.  
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D2598-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Vapor pressure is an important specification property of commercial propane, special duty propane, propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane that assures adequate vaporization, safety, and compatibility with commercial appliances. Relative density, while not a specification criterion, is necessary for determination of filling densities and custody transfer. The motor octane number (MON) is useful in determining the products' suitability as a fuel for internal combustion engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers, by compositional analysis, the approximate determination of the following physical characteristics of commercial propane, special-duty propane, commercial propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane (covered by Specification D1835): vapor pressure, relative density, and motor octane number (MON).  
1.1.1 This practice is not applicable to any product exceeding specifications for nonvolatile residues. (See Test Method D2158.)  
1.1.2 For calculating motor octane number, this practice is applicable only to mixtures containing 20 % or less of propene.  
1.1.3 For calculated motor octane number, this practice is based on mixtures containing only components shown in Table 1.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions:  
1.2.1.1 Non-SI units in parentheses are given for information only.
1.2.1.2 Motor octane number and relative density are given in MON numbers and dimensionless units, respectively.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6667-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The sulfur content of LPG, used for fuel purposes, contributes to SOx emissions and can lead to corrosion in engine and exhaust systems. Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned by sulfur bearing materials in the feed stocks. This test method can be used to determine sulfur in process feeds, to measure sulfur in finished products, and can also be used for compliance determinations when acceptable to a regulatory authority.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total volatile sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases. It is applicable to analysis of natural, processed, and final product materials. Precision has been determined for sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons in the range of 1 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg and for sulfur in LP gases in the range of 1 mg/kg to 196 mg/kg (Note 1).
Note 1: An estimate of pooled limit of quantification (PLOQ), information regarding sample stability and other general information derived from the interlaboratory studies on precision can be referenced in the ASTM research reports.2,3  
1.2 This test method may not detect sulfur compounds that do not vaporize under the conditions of the test.  
1.3 This test method is applicable for total volatile sulfur determination in LP gases containing less than 0.35 % (mass/mass) halogen(s).  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 3.1 and Sections 6 and 7 for specific warning statements.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    English language
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