ASTM E1681-03(2008)

Standard Test Method for Determining a Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for Environment-Assisted Cracking of Metallic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The parameters KEAC  or KIEAC  determined by this test method characterize the resistance to crack growth of a material with a sharp crack in specific environments under loading conditions in which the crack-tip plastic region is small compared with the crack depth and the uncracked ligament. The less restrictive thickness requirements of KEAC  are intended for those conditions in which the results are a strong function of the thickness of the specimen and the application requires the testing of specimens with thickness representative of the application. Since the chemical and mechanical influences cannot be separated, in some material/environment combinations, the thickness must be treated as a variable. A KEAC  or KIEAC  value is believed to represent a characteristic measurement of environment-assisted cracking resistance in a precracked specimen exposed to an environment under sustained tensile loading. A KEAC  or KIEAC  value may be used to estimate the relationship between failure stress and defect size for a material under any service condition, where the combination of crack-like defects, sustained tensile loading and the same specific environment would be expected to occur. (Background information concerning the development of this test method can be found in Refs (3-18).
The apparent KEAC  or KIEAC  of a material under a given set of chemical and electrochemical environmental conditions is a function of the test duration. It is difficult to furnish a rigorous and scientific proof for the existence of a threshold (4, 5). Therefore, application of KEAC  or KIEAC  data in the design of service components should be made with awareness of the uncertainty inherent in the concept of a true threshold for environment-assisted cracking in metallic materials (6, 18). A measured KEAC  or KIEAC  value for a particular combination of material and environment may, in fact, represent an acceptably low rate of crack growth rather than an absolute upper limit for crack st...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the environment-assisted cracking threshold stress intensity factor parameters, KIEAC  and KEAC, for metallic materials from constant-force testing of fatigue precracked beam or compact fracture specimens and from constant-displacement testing of fatigue precracked bolt-load compact fracture specimens.
1.2 This test method is applicable to environment-assisted cracking in aqueous or other aggressive environments.
1.3 Materials that can be tested by this test method are not limited by thickness or by strength as long as specimens are of sufficient thickness and planar size to meet the size requirements of this test method.
1.4 A range of specimen sizes with proportional planar dimensions is provided, but size may be variable and adjusted for yield strength and applied force. Specimen thickness is a variable independent of planar size.
1.5 Specimen configurations other than those contained in this test method may be used, provided that well-established stress intensity calibrations are available and that specimen dimensions are of sufficient size to meet the size requirements of this test method during testing.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2008
• ICS: 91.080.10 - Metal structures
• Technical Committee: E08 - Fatigue and Fracture
• Drafting Committee: E08.06 - Crack Growth Behavior

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1681-03 - Standard Test Method for Determining a Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for Environment-Assisted Cracking of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM E1681-03(2008)e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining a Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for Environment-Assisted Cracking of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E2818-11(2019) - Standard Practice for Determination of Quasistatic Fracture Toughness of Welds
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM G129-21 - Standard Practice for Slow Strain Rate Testing to Evaluate the Susceptibility of Metallic Materials to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F3122-14(2022) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical Properties of Metal Materials Made via Additive Manufacturing Processes
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E1823-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F1624-12(2018) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Embrittlement Threshold in Steel by the Incremental Step Loading Technique
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: E1681 – 03 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for
1
Environment-Assisted Cracking of Metallic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1681; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic
Materials
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the
E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture
environment-assisted cracking threshold stress intensity factor
Toughness K of Metallic Materials
parameters, K and K , for metallic materials from Ic
IEAC EAC
E647 Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack
constant-force testing of fatigue precracked beam or compact
Growth Rates
fracture specimens and from constant-displacement testing of
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Test-
fatigue precracked bolt-load compact fracture specimens.
ing
1.2 This test method is applicable to environment-assisted
G1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corro-
cracking in aqueous or other aggressive environments.
sion Test Specimens
1.3 Materials that can be tested by this test method are not
G5 Reference Test Method for Making Potentiostatic and
limited by thickness or by strength as long as specimens are of
Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements
sufficient thickness and planar size to meet the size require-
G15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion
ments of this test method.
Testing
1.4 A range of specimen sizes with proportional planar
dimensions is provided, but size may be variable and adjusted
3. Terminology
for yield strength and applied force. Specimen thickness is a
3.1 Definitions:
variable independent of planar size.
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to fracture testing
1.5 Specimen configurations other than those contained in
used in this test method, refer to Terminology E1823.
this test method may be used, provided that well-established
3.1.2 For definitions of terms relating to corrosion testing
stress intensity calibrations are available and that specimen
used in this test method, refer to Terminology G15.
dimensions are of sufficient size to meet the size requirements
3.1.3 stress-corrosion cracking (SCC)—a cracking process
of this test method during testing.
that requires the simultaneous action of a corrodent and
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sustained tensile stress.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 stress intensity factor threshold for plane strain
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
–3/2
environment-assisted cracking (K [FL ])—the highest
IEAC
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
valueofthestressintensityfactor(K)atwhichcrackgrowthis
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
not observed for a specified combination of material and
2. Referenced Documents environment and where the specimen size is sufficient to meet
2 requirements for plane strain as described in Test Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E399.
D1141 Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean
3.1.5 stress intensity factor threshold for environment-
Water
–3/2
assisted cracking (K [FL ])—the highest value of the
EAC
stress intensity factor (K) at which crack growth is not
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E08 on Fatigue
observed for a specified combination of material and environ-
and Fracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.06 on Crack
ment and where the measured value may depend on specimen
Growth Behavior.
thickness.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published February 2009. Originally
3.1.6 physical crack size (a [L])—the distance from a
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1681-03. DOI:
p
10.1520/E1681-03R08.
reference plane to the observed crack front. This distance may
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
represent an average of several measurements along the crack
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
front. The reference plane depends on the specimen form, and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. it is normally taken to be either the boundary or a plane
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1681 – 03 (2008)
containingeithertheloadlineorthecenterlineofaspecimenor (d
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:E1681–99 Designation: E 1681 – 03 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for
1
Environment-Assisted Cracking of Metallic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1681; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Committee and Subcommittee jurisdictions were editorially revised in April 2000.
1. Scope
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheenvironment-assistedcrackingthresholdstressintensityfactorparameters,
K andK ,formetallicmaterialsfromconstant-forcetestingoffatigueprecrackedbeamorcompactfracturespecimensand
IEAC EAC
from constant-displacement testing of fatigue precracked bolt-load compact fracture specimens.
1.2 This test method is applicable to environment-assisted cracking in aqueous or other aggressive environments.
1.3 Materials that can be tested by this test method are not limited by thickness or by strength as long as specimens are of
sufficient thickness and planar size to meet the size requirements of this test method.
1.4 Arange of specimen sizes with proportional planar dimensions is provided, but size may be variable and adjusted for yield
strength and applied force. Specimen thickness is a variable independent of planar size.
1.5 Specimen configurations other than those contained in this test method may be used, provided that well-established stress
intensity calibrations are available and that specimen dimensions are of sufficient size to meet the size requirements of this test
method during testing.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1141 Specification for Substitute Ocean Water Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K of Metallic Materials
Ic
E647 Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
G1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
G5 Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiostatic and Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements
G15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to fracture testing used in this test method, refer to Terminology E1823.
3.1.2 For definitions of terms relating to corrosion testing used in this test method, refer to Terminology G15.
3.1.3 stress-corrosion cracking (SCC)—a cracking process that requires the simultaneous action of a corrodent and sustained
tensile stress.
–3/2
3.1.4 stress intensity factor threshold for plane strain environment-assisted cracking (K [FL ])—the highest value of the
IEAC
stressintensityfactor(K)atwhichcrackgrowthisnotobservedforaspecifiedcombinationofmaterialandenvironmentandwhere
the specimen size is sufficient to meet requirements for plane strain as described in Test Method E399.
–3/2
3.1.5 stress intensity factor threshold for environment-assisted cracking (K [FL ])—the highest value of the stress
EAC
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE-8E08onFatigueandFractureandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE08.06onCrackGrowth
Behavior.
Current edition approvedApril 10, 1999.Nov. 1, 2008. PublishedAugust 1999.February 2009. Originally published as E1681-95.approved in 1995. Last previous edition
E1681-95.approved in 2003 as E1681-03.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail]ards
, Vol 11.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E 1681 – 03 (2008)
intensity factor (K) at which crack growth is not observed for a specified combination of material and environment and where the
measured value may
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1681–03 Designation: E 1681 – 03 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for
1
Environment-Assisted Cracking of Metallic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1681; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheenvironment-assistedcrackingthresholdstressintensityfactorparameters,
K andK ,formetallicmaterialsfromconstant-forcetestingoffatigueprecrackedbeamorcompactfracturespecimensand
IEAC EAC
from constant-displacement testing of fatigue precracked bolt-load compact fracture specimens.
1.2 This test method is applicable to environment-assisted cracking in aqueous or other aggressive environments.
1.3 Materials that can be tested by this test method are not limited by thickness or by strength as long as specimens are of
sufficient thickness and planar size to meet the size requirements of this test method.
1.4 Arange of specimen sizes with proportional planar dimensions is provided, but size may be variable and adjusted for yield
strength and applied force. Specimen thickness is a variable independent of planar size.
1.5 Specimen configurations other than those contained in this test method may be used, provided that well-established stress
intensity calibrations are available and that specimen dimensions are of sufficient size to meet the size requirements of this test
method during testing.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1141 Specification for Substitute Ocean Water Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K of Metallic Materials
Ic
E647 Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
G1 Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
G5 Standard Reference Test Method for Making Potentiostatic and Potentiodynamic Anodic Polarization Measurements
G15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to fracture testing used in this test method, refer to Terminology E1823.
3.1.2 For definitions of terms relating to corrosion testing used in this test method, refer to Terminology G15.
3.1.3 stress-corrosion cracking (SCC)—a cracking process that requires the simultaneous action of a corrodent and sustained
tensile stress.
–3/2
3.1.4 stress intensity factor threshold for plane strain environment-assisted cracking (K [FL ])—the highest value of the
IEAC
stressintensityfactor(K)atwhichcrackgrowthisnotobservedforaspecifiedcombinationofmaterialandenvironmentandwhere
the specimen size is sufficient to meet requirements for plane strain as described in Test Method E399.
–3/2
3.1.5 stress intensity factor threshold for environment-assisted cracking (K [FL ])—the highest value of the stress
EAC
intensity factor (K) at which crack growth is not observed for a specified combination of material and environment and where the
measured value may depend on specimen thickness.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E08 on Fatigue and Fracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.06 on Crack Growth
Behavior.
´1
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E1681-99 .
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published February 2009. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1681-03.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail]ards
, Vol 11.02.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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