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ASTM D977-12

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt

Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for thirteen grades of emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated. The emulsified asphalts shall be homogeneous after thorough mixing and shall be tested within 14 days of delivery. Asphalts separated by freezing shall no longer be tested. Materials shall be appropriately sampled and tested, and shall conform accordingly to the following physical requirements: viscosity; storage stability; demulsibility; coating ability and water resistance; cement mixing; residue by distillation; oil distillate; ductility; solubility in trichloroethylene; and behavior during sieve, penetration, and float tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers thirteen grades of emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jan-2012
ICS
75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
Technical Committee
D04 - Road and Paving Materials
Drafting Committee
D04.41 - Emulsified Asphalt Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D977-05 - Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Replaced By
ASTM D977-12a - Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt
Effective Date
01-Jul-2012
Referred By
ASTM D7404-19 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Emulsified Asphalt Residue by Moisture Balance Analyzer
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D4223/D4223M-20 - Standard Practices for Preparation of Test Specimens of Asphalt-Stabilized Soils
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D3910-21 - Standard Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of Slurry Seal
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D7226-13(2023) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalts Using a Rotational Paddle Viscometer
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D7496-18 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by Saybolt Furol Viscometer
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D7196-23 - Standard Test Method for Raveling Test of Cold-Mixed Emulsified Asphalt Samples
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D5360-15 - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Bituminous Surface Treatments
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D244-09(2017) - Standard Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D4057-22 - Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D4215-21 - Standard Specification for Cold-Mixed, Cold-Laid Asphalt Paving Mixtures
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D5505-14(2020) - Standard Practice for Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D3628-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Selection and Use of Emulsified Asphalts
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D7497-21 - Standard Practice for Recovering Residue from Emulsified Asphalt Using Low-Temperature Evaporative Technique
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D977 – 12
Standard Specification for
1
Emulsified Asphalt
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D977; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Requirements
1.1 This specification covers thirteen grades of emulsified 3.1 The emulsified asphalt shall be tested within 14 days of
asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner delivery. The emulsified asphalt shall be homogeneous after
designated. thorough mixing provided separation has not been caused by
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as freezing. Emulsified asphalts separated by freezing shall not be
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this tested.
standard. 3.2 Emulsified asphalt shall conform to the requirements
prescribed in Table 1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
4. Sampling
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials 4.1 Samples of emulsified asphalt shall be taken in accor-
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts dance with Practice D140.
D3910 Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of 4.2 Samples shall be stored in clean, airtight sealed contain-
Slurry Seal ers as specified in Practice D140 at a temperature of not less
D6930 Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of than 4°C until tested.
Emulsified Asphalts
5. Test Methods
D6933 Test Method for Oversized Particles in Emulsified
5.1 The properties of the emulsified asphalts given in Table
Asphalts (Sieve Test)
D6935 Test Method for Determining Cement Mixing of 1 shall be determined in accordance with the followingASTM
Emulsified Asphalt test methods:
5.1.1 Viscosity—Test Method D7496.
D6936 Test Method for Determining Demulsibility of
Emulsified Asphalt 5.1.2 Storage Stability—Test Method D6930.
5.1.3 Demulsibility—Test Method D6936.
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
D7496 Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by 5.1.4 Coating Ability and Water Resistance—Test Methods
D244.
Saybolt Furol Viscometer
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in 5.1.5 Cement Mixing—Test Methods D6935.
5.1.6 Sieve Test—Test Method D6933, except use distilled
N-Propyl Bromide
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in water in all wetting and washing operations in place of the
nonionic surfactant solution (1 %).
Trichloroethylene
5.1.7 Distillation—Test Method D6997.
5.1.8 Tests on Residue from Distillation—Test Methods
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
D244.
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.41 on
Emulsified Asphalt Specifications.
6. Keywords
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2012. Published February 2012. Originally
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D977-05. DOI:
6.1 emulsion; emulsified asphalt; high float; medium set-
10.1520/D0977-11.
ting; rapid setting; slow setting
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D977 – 12
2
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Please contact ASTM International
(www.astm.org) for the latest information.
TABLE 1 Requirements for Emulsified Asphalt
NOTE 1—QS-1H emulsions shall meet the requirements outlined in Practices D3910 .
NOTE 2—QS-1h is used for Quick Set Slurry Seal systems.
Rapid-Setting Medium-Setting
Type RS-1 RS-2 HFRS-2 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2h
Grade min max min max min max min max min max min max
Tests on emulsions:
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 25°C, SFS 20 100 . . . . 20 100 100 . 100 .
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 50°C, SFS . . 75 400 75 400 . . . . . .
A
Storage stability test, 24-h, % . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1
Demulsibility, 35 ml, 0.02 N CaCl , % 60 . 60 . 60 . . . . . . .
2
Coating ability and water resistance:
Coating, dry aggregate . . . good good good
Coating, after spraying . . . fair fair fair
Coating, wet aggregate . . . fair fair fair
Coating, after spraying . . . fair fair fair
Cement mixing test, % . . . . . . . . . . . .
A
Sieve test, % . 0.10 . 0.10 .
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D977 − 12a D977 − 12b
Standard Specification for
1
Emulsified Asphalt
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D977; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers thirteen grades of emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials
D139 Test Method for Float Test for Bituminous Materials
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
D3910 Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of Slurry Seal
D6930 Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of Emulsified Asphalts
D6933 Test Method for Oversized Particles in Emulsified Asphalts (Sieve Test)
D6935 Test Method for Determining Cement Mixing of Emulsified Asphalt
D6936 Test Method for Determining Demulsibility of Emulsified Asphalt
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in N-Propyl Bromide
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene
D7496 Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by Saybolt Furol Viscometer
3. Requirements
3.1 The emulsified asphalt shall be tested within 14 days of delivery. The emulsified asphalt shall be homogeneous after
thorough mixing provided separation has not been caused by freezing. Emulsified asphalts separated by freezing shall not be tested.
3.2 Emulsified asphalt shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
4. Sampling
4.1 Samples of emulsified asphalt shall be taken in accordance with Practice D140.
4.2 Samples shall be stored in clean, airtight sealed containers as specified in Practice D140 at a temperature of not less than
4°C until tested.
5. Test Methods
5.1 The properties of the emulsified asphalts given in Table 1 shall be determined in accordance with the following ASTM test
methods:
5.1.1 Viscosity—Test MethodsMethod D7496.
5.1.2 Storage Stability—Test Method D6930.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.41 on Emulsified
Asphalt Specifications.
Current edition approved July 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2012. Published August 2012December 2012. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as
D977-12.-12a. DOI: 10.1520/D0977-12a.10.1520/D0977-12b.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D977 − 12b
2
TABLE 1 Requirements for Emulsified Asphalt
NOTE 1—QS-1h emulsions shall meet the requirements outlined in Practices D3910 .
NOTE 2—QS-1h is used for Quick Set Slurry Seal systems.
Rapid-Setting Medium-Setting
Type RS-1 RS-2 HFRS-2 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2h
Grade min max min max min max min max min max min max
Tests on emulsions:
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 25°C SFS 20 100 . . . . 20 100 100 . 100 .
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 50°C SFS . . 75 400 75 400 . . . . . .
A
Storage stability test, 24-h, % . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1
Demulsibility, 35 ml, 0.02 N CaCl , % 60 . 60 . 60 . . . . . . .
2
Coating ability and water resistance:
Coating, dry aggregate . . . good good good
Coating, after spraying . . . fair fair fair
Coating, wet aggregate . . . fair fair fair
Coating, after spraying . . . fair fair fair
Cement mixing test, % . . . . . . . . . . . .
A
Sieve test, % . 0.10 . 0.10 . 0.10 . 0.10 . 0.10 . 0.10
Residue by distillation, % 55 . 63 . 63 . 55 . 65 . 65 .
Oil distillate by volume of emulsion, % . . . . . .
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D977 – 12
Standard Specification for
1
Emulsified Asphalt
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D977; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers thirteen grades of emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
D3910 Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of Slurry Seal
D6930 Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of Emulsified Asphalts
D6933 Test Method for Oversized Particles in Emulsified Asphalts (Sieve Test)
D6935 Test Method for Determining Cement Mixing of Emulsified Asphalt
D6936 Test Method for Determining Demulsibility of Emulsified Asphalt
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
D7496 Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by Saybolt Furol Viscometer
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in N-Propyl Bromide
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene
3. Requirements
3.1 The emulsified asphalt shall be tested within 14 days of delivery. The emulsified asphalt shall be homogeneous after
thoroughmixingprovidedseparationhasnotbeencausedbyfreezing.Emulsifiedasphaltsseparatedbyfreezingshallnotbetested.
3.2 Emulsified asphalt shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
4. Sampling
4.1 Samples of emulsified asphalt shall be taken in accordance with Practice D140.
4.2 Samples shall be stored in clean, airtight sealed containers as specified in Practice D140 at a temperature of not less than
4°C until tested.
5. Test Methods
5.1 The properties of the emulsified asphalts given in Table 1 shall be determined in accordance with the followingASTM test
methods:
5.1.1 Viscosity—Test Method D7496.
5.1.2 Storage Stability—Test Method D6930.
5.1.3 Demulsibility—Test Method D6936.
5.1.4 Coating Ability and Water Resistance—Test Methods D244.
5.1.5 Cement Mixing—Test Methods D6935.
5.1.6 Sieve Test—Test Method D6933, except use distilled water in all wetting and washing operations in place of the nonionic
surfactant solution (1 %).
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD04onRoadandPavingMaterialsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD04.41onEmulsified
Asphalt Specifications.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2012. Published February 2012. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D977-05. DOI:
10.1520/D0977-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For AnnualBookofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D977 – 12
2
TABLE 1 Requirements for Emulsified Asphalt
NOTE 1—QS-1H emulsions shall meet the requirements outlined in Practices D3910 .
NOTE 2—QS-1h is used for Quick Set Slurry Seal systems.
Rapid-Setting Medium-Setting
Type RS-1 RS-2 HFRS-2 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2h
Grade min max min max min max min max min max min max
Tests on emulsions:
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 25°C, SFS 20 100 . . . . 20 100 100 . 100 .
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 50°C, SFS . . 75 400 75 400 . . . . . .
A
Storage stability test, 24-h, % . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1
Demulsibility, 35 ml, 0.02 N CaCl , % 60 . 60 . 60 . . . . . . .
2
Coating ability and water resistance:
Coating, dry aggregate . . . good good good
Coating, after spraying . . . fair fair fair
Coating, wet aggregate . . . fair fair fair
Coating, after spraying . . . fair fair fair
Cement mixing test, % . . . . . . . . . . . .
A
Sieve test, % . 0.10 . 0.10 . 0.10 . 0.10 . 0.10 . 0.10
Residue by distillation, % 55 . 63 . 63 . 55 . 65 . 65 .
Oil distillate by volume of emulsion, % . .
...

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SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for removal of a sample of compacted asphalt mixture from a pavement for laboratory testing.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D6521-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Asphalt Binder Using a Pressurized Aging Vessel (PAV)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is designed to simulate the in-service oxidative aging that occurs in asphalt binders during pavement service. Residue from this conditioning practice may be used to estimate the physical or chemical properties of asphalt binders after several years of in-service aging in the field.  
5.2 Binders conditioned using this practice are normally used to determine specification properties in accordance with Specification D6373 or D8239, or AASHTO M 320.  
5.3 For asphalt binders of different grades or from different sources, there is no unique correlation between the time and temperature in this conditioning practice and in-service pavement age and temperature. Therefore, for a given set of in-service climatic conditions, it is not possible to select a single PAV conditioning time, temperature, and pressure that will predict the properties or the relative rankings of the properties of asphalt binders after a specific set of in-service exposure conditions.  
5.4 The relative degree of hardening of different asphalt binders varies with conditioning temperatures and pressures in the PAV. Therefore, two asphalt binders may age at a similar rate at one condition of temperature and pressure, but age differently at another condition. Hence, the relative rates of aging for a set of asphalts at PAV conditions may differ significantly from the actual in-service relative rates at lower pavement temperatures and ambient pressures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the conditioning of asphalt binders to simulate accelerated aging (oxidation) by means of pressurized air and elevated temperature. This is intended to simulate the changes in rheology which occur in asphalt binders during in-service oxidative aging, but may not accurately simulate the relative rates of aging. It is normally intended for use with residue from Test Method D2872 (RTFOT), which is designed to simulate plant aging.
Note 1: PAV conditioning has not been validated for materials containing particulate materials.  
1.2 The aging of asphalt binders during service is affected by ambient temperature and by mixture-associated variables, such as the volumetric proportions of the mix, the permeability of the mix, properties of the aggregates, and possibly other factors. This conditioning process is intended to provide an evaluation of the relative resistance of different asphalt binders to oxidative aging at selected elevated aging temperatures and pressures, but cannot account for mixture variables or provide the relative resistance to aging at in-service conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was de...

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ASTM
ASTM D5581-07A(2021)e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Plastic Flow of Bituminous Mixtures Using Marshall Apparatus (6 in. Diameter Specimen)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is used in the laboratory mix design of bituminous mixtures. Specimens are prepared in accordance with the method and tested for maximum load and flow. Density and voids properties may also be determined on specimens prepared in accordance with the method. The testing section of this method can also be used to obtain maximum load and flow for bituminous paving specimens cored from pavements or prepared by other methods. These results may differ from values obtained on specimens prepared by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the resistance to plastic flow of cylindrical specimens of bituminous paving mixture loaded on the lateral surface by means of the Marshall apparatus. This test method is for use with mixtures containing asphalt cement and aggregate up to 11/2 in. (37.5 mm) nominal maximum size.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard except for reference to sieve sizes and size of aggregate as measured by testing sieves in which SI units are standard according to Specification E11. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D6084/D6084M-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Elastic Recovery of Asphalt Materials by Ductilometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is useful in confirming that a material has been added to the asphalt to provide a significant elastomeric characteristic. It does not necessarily identify the type or amount of material added.
Note 1: The quality of results produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guidance provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method assesses the elastic recovery of an asphalt material measured by the recoverable strain determined after severing an elongated briquet specimen of the material of the form described in 4.1. The specimens are pulled to a specified distance at a specified speed and at a specified temperature. Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be made at a temperature of 25 ± 0.5 °C [77 ± 0.9 °F] and with a speed of 5 cm/min ± 5 %.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/index.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury-containing products in your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1754/D1754M-20(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air on Asphaltic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method indicates approximate change in properties of asphalt during conventional hot-mixing at about 150 °C [302 °F] as indicated by viscosity, penetration, or ductility measurements. It yields a residue which approximates the asphalt condition as incorporated in the pavement. If the mixing temperature differs appreciably from the 150 °C [302 °F] level, more or less effect on properties will occur.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effects of heat and air on a film of semisolid asphaltic materials. The effects of this treatment are determined from measurements of selected asphalt properties before and after the test.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/index.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury-containing products into your state may be prohibited by state law.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7870/D7870M-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides an accelerated conditioning method under cyclic loading. This system is capable of operating at higher than normal temperatures and creating pore pressure within a compacted asphalt mixture to achieve an acceleration of the effects that a mixture would experience over time from traffic at normal temperatures and conditions. The accelerated conditioning in this practice is intended to simulate the stresses induced in a wet pavement by a passing vehicle tire. The pulse shape produced by this system approximates a Lorentzian function with a half peak width of approximately 1 s at 276 kPa [40 psi].  
4.2 The factors that influence the potential for moisture damage to occur include aggregate mineralogy, mixture air voids, water, cyclic applied stress, and elevated temperature. This practice provides a method and apparatus that is capable of producing three of these factors: water, stress, and high temperature. Aggregate mineralogy and air voids are mixture properties.  
4.3 Specimens conditioned by this system can be tested using a variety of different tests, including Test Method D6931, Test Method D6927, bulk specific gravity difference obtained by Test Method D6926 or D6752/D6752M for before and after conditioning, dynamic modulus, flow number, AASHTO T 378, and visual inspection for stripped aggregates.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptance guideline provides a means of evaluating ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice includes procedures for preparing compacted asphalt mixture specimens, exposing the specimens to hydrostatic pore pressure inside an enclosed chamber, and guidance on testing the specimens for the effect of water on the tensile strength or change in other properties of the asphalt mixture, such as density, modulus, etc.  
1.2 Specimens conditioned according to this practice can be tested using methods and test procedures referenced in this document, and those results may provide information as to the effect of the moisture conditioning of this practice on the moisture sensitivity of those mixtures.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7173-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Separation Tendency of Polymer from Polymer-Modified Asphalt

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purchasers of polymer-modified asphalt need guidelines on proper storage and handling procedures to maintain the integrity of material they have purchased. This practice provides a significant tool for understanding the characteristics of these materials as well as comparing various sources of supply.
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a laboratory procedure for determining the tendency of polymer to separate from polymer-modified asphalt under static heated storage conditions. The results of testing on material prepared according to this practice may be used as a guideline when formulating products or to establish field handling procedures. Large differences in test results between top and bottom specimens indicate that there is a degree of incompatibility between the polymer and the base asphalt.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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