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ASTM D3453-12

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—Urethane for Furniture and Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications

Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—Urethane for Furniture and Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers flexible cellular urethane materials intended for such uses as inserts for furniture cushions, mattresses, and similar applications. The material and dimensional requirements and methods of tests for specific properties of load bearing, compression set, humid age resistance, pounding fatigue resistance, support factor and resilience are prescribed. This specification covers eight grades of flexible cellular material that may be selected for use in accordance with load bearing and general physical properties, four grades based on pounding-fatigue properties, and three grades based on cushioning performance properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flexible cellular urethane materials intended for such uses as inserts for furniture cushions, mattresses, and similar applications.  
1.2 This specification provides material and dimensional requirements and methods of tests for specific properties of load bearing, compression set, humid age resistance, pounding fatigue resistance, support factor and resilience.  
1.3 This specification includes references to government regulations for burning characteristics of flexible cellular material used in specified applications.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2012
ICS
83.100 - Cellular materials
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.22 - Cellular Materials - Plastics and Elastomers
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3453-07 - Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials-Urethane for Furniture and Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
Effective Date
01-Oct-2012
Replaced By
ASTM D3453-20 - Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—Urethane for Furniture and Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
Effective Date
01-Sep-2020
Referred By
ASTM D1968-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Paper and Paper Products
Effective Date
01-Oct-2012

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REDLINE ASTM D3453-12 - Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—Urethane for Furniture and Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar ApplicationsREDLINE ASTM D3453-12 - Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—Urethane for Furniture and Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3453 −12
Standard Specification for
Flexible Cellular Materials—Urethane for Furniture and
1
Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3453; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2.2 Other Documents:
16CFR1632 (Previously DoC FF4-72), Standard for the
1.1 This specification covers flexible cellular urethane ma-
3
Flammability of Mattresses
terials intended for such uses as inserts for furniture cushions, 3
FMVSS 302 DoT Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
mattresses, and similar applications.
DOT FederalAviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25.853, Para-
3
graph (b), and Appendix F
1.2 This specification provides material and dimensional
Simplified Practice Recommendations R2-62 Bedding Prod-
requirements and methods of tests for specific properties of
ucts and Components (Mattresses, Springs, Bedsteads,
load bearing, compression set, humid age resistance, pounding
4
and Cots)
fatigue resistance, support factor and resilience.
3. Classification
1.3 This specification includes references to government
regulations for burning characteristics of flexible cellular
3.1 Thisspecificationcoverseightgradesofflexiblecellular
material used in specified applications.
material that have been selected for use in accordance with
load bearing and general physical properties, Table 1; four
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
grades based on pounding-fatigue properties, Table 2; three
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
grades based on cushioning performance properties, Table 3.
only.
4. Basis of Purchase
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Any product represented as complying with this speci-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
fication shall meet all the requirements listed herein for its
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
particular classification.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Burning Characteristics
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard.
5.1 Table 4 lists applicable government regulations on
burning characteristics of material used in specified applica-
2. Referenced Documents
tions.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Dimensions
D3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab,
6.1 For Use as Mattress Inserts:
Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams
6.1.1 Sizes—The standard thickness and tolerance are speci-
D3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible
fied in Table 5. These sizes have been adopted for mattress
Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
inserts to coordinate the insert with mattress ticking and other
bed constructions. The other dimensions are specified in Table
7A of Simplified Practice Recommendations R2-62.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
6.1.2 For Use as Furniture Cushion Inserts—The allowable
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular
tolerances on dimensions of furniture cushion inserts shall be
Materials - Plastics and Elastomers.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally
as shown in Table 6.
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3453 - 07. DOI:
10.1520/D3453-12.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Office, Washington, DC 20402.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the Clearing House for Federal Scientific and Technical
the ASTM website. Information, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22151.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3453−12
TABLE 1 Specific Physical Properties of Flexible Cellular Material
Grade Number Moisture Resistance
25 % Indentation Force Compression (comp)
A B
B
Deflection (IFD) Values, Set After 90 % Compression Force
Compression Set After
Nlbf
N (lbf) Deflection, % max
Deflection, % max
Deflection Loss, % max
245 55 245 ± 18 (55 ± 4) 15 20 20
196 44 196 ± 18 (44 ± 4) 15 20 20
151 34 151 ± 14 (34 ± 3) 15 20 20
120 27 120 ± 14 (2
...

Designation: D3453 − 07 D3453 − 12
Standard Specification for
Flexible Cellular Materials—Urethane for Furniture and
1
Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3453; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers flexible cellular urethane materials intended for such uses as inserts for furniture cushions,
mattresses, and similar applications.
1.2 This specification provides material and dimensional requirements and methods of tests for specific properties of load
bearing, compression set, humid age resistance, pounding fatigue resistance, support factor and resilience.
1.3 This specification includes references to government regulations for burning characteristics of flexible cellular material used
in specified applications.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard.
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams
D3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
2.2 Other Documents:
3
16CFR1632 (Previously DoC FF4-72), Standard for the Flammability of Mattresses
3
MVSS FMVSS 302 DoT Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
3
DOT Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR), Part 25.853, Paragraph (b), and Appendix F
4
Simplified Practice Recommendations R2-62 Bedding Products and Components (Mattresses, Springs, Bedsteads, and Cots)
3. Classification
3.1 This specification covers eight grades of flexible cellular material that may behave been selected for use in accordance with
load bearing and general physical properties, Table 1; four grades based on pounding-fatigue properties, Table 2; three grades based
on cushioning performance properties, Table 3.
4. Basis of Purchase
4.1 Any product represented as complying with this specification shall meet all the requirements listed herein for its particular
classification.
5. Burning Characteristics
5.1 Table 4 lists applicable government regulations on burning characteristics of material used in specified applications.
6. Dimensions
6.1 For Use as Mattress Inserts:
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3453 − 12
TABLE 1 Specific Physical Properties of Flexible Cellular Material
Grade Number Moisture Resistance
25 % Indentation Force Compression (comp)
A B
B
Deflection (IFD) Values, Set After 90 % Compression Force
Compression Set After
N lbf
N (lbf) Deflection, % max
Deflection, % max
Deflection Loss, % max
245 55 245 ± 18 (55 ± 4) 15 20 20
196 44 196 ± 18 (44 ± 4) 15 20 20
151 34 151 ± 14 (34 ± 3) 15 20 20
120 27 120 ± 14 (27 ± 3) 15 20 20
93 21 93 ± 14 (21 ± 3) 15 20 20
67 15 67 ± 14 (15 ± 3) 20 20 25
40 9 40 ± 14 (9 ± 3) 25 — 30
22 5 22 ± 14 (5 ± 3) 30 — 35
C
Test method sections B1 D J1,C J1,D
D
Specimen size, mm (in.) 380 × 380 × 100 50 × 50 × 25 50 × 50 × 25 50 × 50 × 25
(15 × 15 × 4) (2 × 2 × 1) (2 × 2 × 1) (2 × 2 × 1)
A
Tolerances have been established to provide for grade designations. Closer tolerances, when desirable for specific applications, mayshall be agreed upon between the
purchaser and the seller.
B
To be expressed as a percent of the original thickness.
C
See Section 7 for an explanation of the test methods referenced.
D
See 9.3 when indicated specimen sizes are not available.
TABLE 2 Pounding Fatigue Performance Grades
A
40 % IFD
Grade Description Applications % Loss,
max
AP Heavy-duty use transportation 20
seating
BP Normal-duty use cushions, 30
mattresses
CP Light-duty use arm rests, 35
seat backs
DP Unclassified miscellaneous 40
padding
A
See Test Methods D3574, Test I , Procedure B (80 000 cycles).
3
A
TABLE 3 Cushioning Performance Grades
Grade Support
C
Description Resilience
B
Number Factor
NS Normal Support 1.8 min —
HS High Support 2.3 min —
HS-HR High Support- 2.4 min 55 % min
High Resilience
A
Grades also subject to specific physical properties in Table 1.
B
65 % / 25 % IFD; See Test Methods D3574, Section 21 and Appendix X3.1.
C
Ball Reb
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
1.1 This is a fire test response standard.  
1.2 This test method describes the measurement of surface flammability of flexible cellular materials.  
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not, by itself, incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 Specific information about hazards is given in Section 7.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units, in parentheses, are for information only and are approximations (see also IEEE/ASTM SI-10).  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    11 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    11 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM D3768-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Microcellular Urethanes—Flexural Recovery

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is used to indicate the ability of a material to recover after a 180° bend around a 12.7-mm (0.5-in.) diameter mandrel at room temperature.  
4.2 Before proceeding with this test method, reference shall be made to any specification for the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, or dimensions, or combination thereof, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in these test methods. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions apply.
Note 2: This test method is applicable to solid urethanes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure and apparatus for measuring the flexural recovery of microcellular urethanes.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    4 pages
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  • Standard
    4 pages
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ASTM
ASTM D3851-17(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Microcellular Polyurethane Shoe Soling Materials

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard physical property requirements and test methods for urethane microcellular materials intended for shoe soling applications. It covers three grades of polyurethane materials that may be selected for use according to abrasion resistance, cut-growth resistance, and other physical properties. Materials shall be subjected to physical tests and shall conform to the requirements for physical properties such as density, tensile strength, ultimate elongation, tear, hardness, cut-growth resistance, and taper abrasion or wear index.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers microcellular polyurethane materials for shoe soling applications. It provides physical property requirements and identifies test methods for determining those specific properties.  
1.2 SI units are to be regarded as the preferred units of measurements for values. The inch-pound values in parentheses can be used if there is an agreement between the contractual parties.  
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    3 pages
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