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ASTM D1338-99(2005)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength

Standard Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
To determine acceptable working life of an adhesive, two procedures are used. This practice is intended to apply to:
4.1.1 Self-contained liquid or paste adhesives,
4.1.2 Adhesives requiring addition of a catalyst, hardener, filler, thinner, and so forth, or combinations of two or more of these materials just prior to use, and
4.1.3 Powdered or flaked adhesives which are dissolved in water or other solvent and are used as liquid or paste adhesives. CONSISTENCY PROCEDURE   Top
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers two procedures applicable to all adhesives having a relatively short working life. It is intended to determine whether the working life conforms to the minimum specified working life of an adhesive required by consistency tests or by bond strength tests, or by both.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2005
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.10 - Working Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1338-99 - Standard Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D1338-99(2011) - Standard Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength
Effective Date
01-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM F1331-22 - Standard Practice for Installation Procedures of Vinyl Deck Coverings on Portable Plates in Electrical and Electronic Spaces
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM D6465-99(2016) - Standard Guide for Selecting Aerospace and General Purpose Adhesives and Sealants
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM D1144-99(2021) - Standard Practice for Determining Strength Development of Adhesive Bonds
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005

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ASTM D1338-99(2005) - Standard Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond StrengthASTM D1338-99(2005) - Standard Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength
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ASTM D1338-99(2005) - Standard Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1338–99(Reapproved2005)
Standard Practice for
Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency
and Bond Strength
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1338; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.2.1 working life of an adhesive, n—the time elapsing
between the moment an adhesive is ready for use and the time
1.1 This practice covers two procedures applicable to all
when the adhesive is no longer usable.
adhesives having a relatively short working life. It is intended
to determine whether the working life conforms to the mini-
4. Significance and Use
mum specified working life of an adhesive required by
4.1 To determine acceptable working life of an adhesive,
consistency tests or by bond strength tests, or by both.
two procedures are used. This practice is intended to apply to:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.1.1 Self-contained liquid or paste adhesives,
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4.1.2 Adhesives requiring addition of a catalyst, hardener,
only.
filler, thinner, and so forth, or combinations of two or more of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
these materials just prior to use, and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1.3 Powdered or flaked adhesives which are dissolved in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
waterorothersolventandareusedasliquidorpasteadhesives.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
CONSISTENCY PROCEDURE
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Viscometer—Any means of measuring the viscosity or
D897 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Adhesive
consistency of the adhesive can be selected, provided that it is
Bonds
suitable for the type of adhesive under test and provided that
D906 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in
the results can be expressed in fundamental units.
Plywood Type Construction in Shear by Tension Loading
5.2 Controlled-Atmosphere Chamber—Provide an atmo-
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
sphere of 23 6 1.1°C (73.4 6 2°F) and 50 6 2 % relative
D1002 Test Method forApparent Shear Strength of Single-
humidity. Alternative controlled conditions are permissible,
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-
provided the conditions are agreed upon by the purchaser and
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
the manufacturer.
D1084 Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
5.3 Beaker, of heat-resistant glass, 76 mm (3 in.) in
diameter, 102 mm (4 in.) high, and having a capacity of 400
3. Terminology
mL.
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this practice are defined in
5.4 Stirring Rod, of glass, stainless steel, or other unreactive
Terminology D907.
material.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6. Procedure
6.1 Conduct the consistency test on both the adhesive when
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on Adhesives
freshly prepared and on the adhesive after having been
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.10 on Working Properties.
Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originally
subjected to the working life test.
approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 1999 D1338 – 99. DOI:
NOTE 1—An alternative test method to be used with this practice isTest
10.1520/D1338-99R05.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Methods D1084.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Borosilicate glass is suitable for this purpose.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D1338–99 (2005)
6.2 Precondition the adhesive and all the components at a 8.2 Controlled Atmosphere Chamber—Provide a tempera-
temperature of 23 6 1.1°C (73.4 6 2°F), unless otherwise ture of 23 6 1.1°C (73.4 6 2°F) and 50 6 2 % relative
agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. humidity for these tests. Alternative controlled conditions are
6.3 Start the test when the adhesive and all the components permissible, provided the conditions are agreeable to the
are at a temperature of 23 6 1.1°C (73.4 6 2°F), unless purchaser and the manufacturer.
otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and the manu-
9. Procedure
facturer. If the adhesive consists of two or more components,
blend the components in accordance with instructions of the 9.1 Conduct the bond strength test on both the adhesive
manufacturer, and again adjust the temperature to 23 6 1.1°C
when freshly prepared and on the adhesive after having been
if required. Immediately after mixing a 200-mL (or equivalent subjected to the working-life test.
weight) sample of the adhesive, place the prepared adhesive in 9.2 Prepare and blend the adhesive in accordance with 6.2,
the 400-mL be
...

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ABSTRACT
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This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are designed to be used to determine the susceptibility of the adhesive film to biodegradation and whether the adhesive will carry into the bond line sufficient anti-fungal properties to prevent growth of fungi frequently present on the gluing equipment, on adherends, or in the adhesive as applied.  
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SCOPE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed for obtaining a qualitative estimate of the compatibility of plastics and adhesives. Due to the many process variables associated with the fabrication of plastic parts, it is not possible to use this test as a substitute for compatibility tests on actual parts.  
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4.1 Tension tests provide reasonably accurate information with regard to the tensile strength of adhesives. Tensile strength data may be suitable for specification acceptance, service evaluation, manufacturing control, research, and development. Tension tests are not considered significant for applications differing from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.
SCOPE
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ABSTRACT
This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semistructural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having woodbased surfaces at the bondline. The adhesives can be classified according to resistance to deformation: Group A or structural, and Group B or semistructural. Also, the adhesives may be designated into three types, according to their recommended use based on their resistance to water and water vapor: Type 1 for interior and exterior use, Type 2 for weather-protected interior use, and Type 3 for interior use only. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of adhesives: shear strength, gap-filling ability, total deformation resistance, moisture and temperature limitation during fabrication, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, moisture resistance, aging, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semi-structural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having wood-based surfaces at the bondline. This specification does not cover other adhesives used in manufactured homes such as adhesives for carpet, floor tile, ceramic fixtures, plastic laminates, trim and millwork, and similar nonstructural applications.  
1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in the following tests:    
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ASTM D907-15(2023)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology of Adhesives

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions used in the science and technology of the adhesives industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 Any changes in this standard since 1988 are documented as follows:  
1.2.1 Appendix X1 gives a history of revisions made since 1988. Table X1.1 lists the terms that are affected as: (1) Terms Added, (2) Terms Revised, and (3) Terms Deleted.
1.2.1.1 In Table X1.1, the year of publication in Volume 15.06 is shown in parentheses following the term.  
1.2.2 In the text of the standard, the year of publication is shown following each definition. Also, the following codes are included after the year of publication to describe the type change that was made: (A) Addition, (R) Revision, or (E) Edited.  
1.2.3 Deletions are shown in Appendix X1, suitably footnoted. The deleted terms do not appear in the text of the standard.  
1.2.4 Any special circumstances not covered by 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 are documented in Table X1.1, suitably footnoted.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7966/D7966M-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Creep of Adhesives in Static Shear by Compression Loading (Wood-to-Wood)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the performance of the adhesive in laminated wood as measured by resistance to creep under static load.  
5.2 Test results from the evaluation of adhesive creep resistance, under designated environmental conditions of the test, provide a measure of the adhesive’s ability to withstand constant loading over a relatively long period of time.  
5.3 Creep measured with this test method is normally used in conjunction with specifications such as, but not limited to Specification D2559 and CSA O112.9 to confirm suitability of an adhesive to resist creep under designed loads when subjected to specific levels of stress, load duration and environmental conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of creep properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when a standardized specimen is subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for shear deformation (creep) of adhesive bonds under static load. This test method is used under the indicated conditions to evaluate resistance to creep properties of a structural wood adhesive.  
1.2 The test method is used to evaluate creep performance of adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood products for general construction, marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength general construction, creep-resistant, durable adhesive bond is required. Individual block shear specimens are prepared from adhesively bonded laminations, subjected to a constant load under various combinations of temperature and relative humidity, and the amount of creep measured.  
1.3 Creep of structural wood adhesives as measured by this test method may not be comparative to other ASTM methods and is limited to the conditions of the test and procedures contained herein.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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Standard Guide for Classifying and Specifying Adhesives

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of identifying adhesives in order to give industry a system that can be used universally for materials. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of the standards that are developed using this guide.  
4.2 This classification system was developed to permit the addition of future adhesives.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a classification system for tabulating the properties of adhesives suitable for holding parts or assemblies together. The use of this guide also provides information necessary for the development of standard specifications for adhesives.  
Note 1: This classification system may serve many of the needs of industries using adhesives. This guide is subject to revision as the need requires; therefore, the latest revision should always be used.  
1.2 Limitations—This classification system is intended to be a means of identifying adhesives. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the adhesives field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the attachment process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material not covered in this document, and the economic factors.  
1.3 This classification system is based on the premise that adhesives can be arranged into broad generic families using basic properties to arrange the materials into groups, classes, and grades.  
1.4 In all cases where the provisions of this classification system would conflict with the referenced ASTM specification for a particular material, the latter shall take precedence.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units, as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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