ASTM D4564-08

Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sleeve Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the density of cohesionless soil used in the construction of earth embankments and road fills, or of cohesionless soils used for structure backfill, bedding and backfill for pipe, or filters. This test method is used as the basis for acceptance of soils compacted to a specified density or to a specified relative density.
This test method may be useful in determining the density of cohesionless soils in a confined or limited space since this test method requires less working area than other methods.
A predetermined calibration equation is necessary to use this procedure (see Annex A1). It is assumed there is a linear relationship between the density in place and the mass of dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method. This may not be true for certain soils or the linear relationship may exist only for a particular range of densities.
The quality of the results produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors: Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of soil in place by the sleeve method.
1.2 The sleeve method of determining the density of soil in place is used for cohesionless, granular soils for which other methods of determining the density (sand cone, test pit, and the like) may not be practical. Typically, the sleeve method is applicable for soils that are predominantly fine gravel size, with a maximum of 5 % fines, and a maximum particle size of ¾ in. (19.0 mm).
Note 1—There have been other methods developed for testing cohesionless soils. Compared to other methods, this procedure is convenient for field construction control testing because smaller and lighter equipment is used and the test can be performed in a smaller area.  
1.3 A calibration equation is necessary in the application of this test method to obtain a reliable value of the in-place density of the soil (see Annex A1). The calibration equation is used to calculate the density of the soil in place from the mass of dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method.
1.3.1 The calibration equation is predetermined for a particular soil type that is to be tested. When the soil changes significantly in either gradation or particle angularity, the calibration equation may have to be adjusted or redefined before the sleeve method can be used.
1.3.2 There may be certain soils meeting the general description in 1.2 for which a calibration equation may not be appropriate due to unsatisfactory correlation of the data. The sleeve method would not be applicable for these soils.
1.3.3 There may be certain soils meeting the description in 1.2 for which the calibration equation may be applicable only for a certain range of densities. The sleeve method will give reliable values of the density in place only within that range of densities.
1.4 This test method uses inch-pound units with SI rationalized units; that is, a combined standard.
1.4.1 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4.2 The converted inch-pound units used the gravitational system of units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The converted slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma) c...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2008
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.08 - Special and Construction Control Tests

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4564-02a - Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Sleeve Method
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM D4564-08e1 - Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sleeve Method (Withdrawn 2013)
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D7294-13(2021) - Standard Guide for Collecting Treatment Process Design Data at a Contaminated Site—A Site Contaminated with Chemicals of Interest
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D6031/D6031M-96(2015) - Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2008
• Referred By: ASTM F1668-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Construction Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D3839-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Underground Installation of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4564–08
Standard Test Method for
Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sleeve
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4564; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4.1 ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunits
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
of soil in place by the sleeve method.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
1.2 The sleeve method of determining the density of soil in
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
place is used for cohesionless, granular soils for which other
with the standard.
methods of determining the density (sand cone, test pit, and the
1.4.2 The converted inch-pound units used the gravitational
like) may not be practical. Typically, the sleeve method is
systemofunits.Inthissystem,thepound(lbf)representsaunit
applicable for soils that are predominantly fine gravel size,
of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The
with a maximum of 5 % fines, and a maximum particle size of
converted slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma)
3
⁄4 in. (19.0 mm).
calculations are involved.
NOTE 1—There have been other methods developed for testing cohe-
1.4.3 It is common practice in the engineering profession to
sionless soils. Compared to other methods, this procedure is convenient
concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm)
for field construction control testing because smaller and lighter equip-
and a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate
ment is used and the test can be performed in a smaller area.
systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravita-
1.3 Acalibration equation is necessary in the application of
tional system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use
this test method to obtain a reliable value of the in-place
of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single
density of the soil (see Annex A1). The calibration equation is
standard.This standard has been written using the gravitational
used to calculate the density of the soil in place from the mass
system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In
of dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method.
this system the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight).
1.3.1 The calibration equation is predetermined for a par-
However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of
ticular soil type that is to be tested. When the soil changes
3
mass (lbm), or the recording of density in lbm/ft should not be
significantly in either gradation or particle angularity, the
regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
calibration equation may have to be adjusted or redefined
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
before the sleeve method can be used.
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
1.3.2 There may be certain soils meeting the general de-
Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard.
scription in 1.2 for which a calibration equation may not be
1.5.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected,
appropriate due to unsatisfactory correlation of the data. The
recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the
sleeve method would not be applicable for these soils.
industry standard. In addition they are representative of the
1.3.3 There may be certain soils meeting the description in
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
1.2 for which the calibration equation may be applicable only
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
for a certain range of densities. The sleeve method will give
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
reliable values of the density in place only within that range of
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
densities.
increase or reduce significant digits or reported data to be
1.4 This test method uses inch-pound units with SI rational-
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
ized units; that is, a combined standard.
of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical
methods for engineering design.
1
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special and
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Construction Co
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4564–02a Designation:D4564–08
Standard Test Method for
Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sleeve
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4564; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of soil in place by the sleeve method.
1.2 The sleeve method of determining the density of soil in place is used for cohesionless, granular soils for which other
methods of determining the density (sand cone, test pit, and the like) may not be practical. Typically, the sleeve method is
3
applicable for soils that are predominantly fine gravel size, with a maximum of 5 % fines, and a maximum particle size of ⁄4 in.
(19.0 mm).
NOTE 1—There have been other methods developed for testing cohesionless soils. Compared to other methods, this procedure is convenient for field
construction control testing because smaller and lighter equipment is used and the test can be performed in a smaller area.
1.3 A calibration equation is necessary in the application of this test method to obtain a reliable value of the in-place density
of the soil (see Annex A1). The calibration equation is used to calculate the density of the soil in place from the mass of dry soil
per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method.
1.3.1 The calibration equation is predetermined for a particular soil type that is to be tested.When the soil changes significantly
in either gradation or particle angularity, the calibration equation may have to be adjusted or redefined before the sleeve method
can be used.
1.3.2 There may be certain soils meeting the general description in 1.2 for which a calibration equation may not be appropriate
due to unsatisfactory correlation of the data. The sleeve method would not be applicable for these soils.
1.3.3 There may be certain soils meeting the description in 1.2 for which the calibration equation may be applicable only for
a certain range of densities. The sleeve method will give reliable values of the density in place only within that range of densities.
1.4It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and
a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational
system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. This
standard has been written using the gravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In this system the
pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight). However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm), or the
recording of density in lbm/ft
1.4 This test method uses inch-pound units with SI rationalized units; that is, a combined standard.
1.4.1 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4.2 The converted inch-pound units used the gravitational system of units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit
of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The converted slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma) calculations are
involved.
1.4.3 It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and
a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational
system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. This
standard has been written using the gravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In this system the
pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight). However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm), or the
3
recording of density in lbm/ft should not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
1.5All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding establish
...