ASTM D5558-95(2017)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of the Saponification Value of Fats and Oils
Standard Test Method for Determination of the Saponification Value of Fats and Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of the saponification value of fats and oils used in the manufacture of fat liquors for the purpose of quality assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the saponification value of fats and oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5558 −95 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Saponification Value of Fats and Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5558; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope hydroxide. After boiling under a reflux condenser on a water
bath for 30 to 60 min, the alcohol shall be distilled and
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the saponi-
collected. For the preparation of alcoholic potassium
fication value of fats and oils.
hydroxide, 40 g of potassium hydroxide, low in carbonate,
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
shall be dissolved in 1 L of the distilled alcohol, keeping the
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
temperature below 15.5°C (60°F) while the alkali is being
standard.
dissolved. This solution should remain clear.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Procedure
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Melt the sample, if not already liquid, and filter through
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
filter paper to remove any impurities and the last traces of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
moisture. The sample must be completely dry.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.2 Accurately weigh a sample, of such size (usually 4 to 5
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
g) that the back titration is 45 to 55 % of the blank, and 50 mL
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of the alcoholic KOH is added with a pipette, allowing the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
pipette to drain for a definite period of time.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2.1 Prepare a blank determination and conduct simultane-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ously with the sample.
2. Significance and Use
4.3 Connect air condensers to the flask and boil the solution
2.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination
gently but steadily until the sample is completely saponified.
of the saponification value of fats and oils used in the
This usually requires approximately 1 h for normal samples.
manufacture of fat liquors for the purpose of quality assurance.
Take care that the vapor ring in the condenser does not rise to
the top of the condenser or there may be some loss.
3. Apparatus and Reagents
NOTE 1—Some samples particularly difficult to saponify may require
3.1 Erlenmeyer Flasks, Corning alkali resistant, Kimble
more than 1 h. This can only be determined by trial. Clarity and
resistant, or equivalent, 250 or 300 mL.
homogeneity of the test solution are partial indicators of the complete
saponification, but they are not necessarily absolute criteria.
3.2 Air Condensers, minimum length 650 mm.
4.4 After the flask and condenser have cooled somewhat,
3.3 Water Bath or a Hot Plate, with variable heat control.
but not sufficiently to je
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5558 − 95 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Saponification Value of Fats and Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5558; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope hydroxide. After boiling under a reflux condenser on a water
bath for 30 to 60 min, the alcohol shall be distilled and
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the saponi-
collected. For the preparation of alcoholic potassium
fication value of fats and oils.
hydroxide, 40 g of potassium hydroxide, low in carbonate,
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
shall be dissolved in 1 L of the distilled alcohol, keeping the
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
temperature below 15.5°C (60°F) while the alkali is being
standard.
dissolved. This solution should remain clear.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Procedure
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Melt the sample, if not already liquid, and filter through
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
filter paper to remove any impurities and the last traces of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
moisture. The sample must be completely dry.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.2 Accurately weigh a sample, of such size (usually 4 to 5
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
g) that the back titration is 45 to 55 % of the blank, and 50 mL
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of the alcoholic KOH is added with a pipette, allowing the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
pipette to drain for a definite period of time.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.2.1 Prepare a blank determination and conduct simultane-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ously with the sample.
2. Significance and Use
4.3 Connect air condensers to the flask and boil the solution
gently but steadily until the sample is completely saponified.
2.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination
This usually requires approximately 1 h for normal samples.
of the saponification value of fats and oils used in the
Take care that the vapor ring in the condenser does not rise to
manufacture of fat liquors for the purpose of quality assurance.
the top of the condenser or there may be some loss.
3. Apparatus and Reagents
NOTE 1—Some samples particularly difficult to saponify may require
3.1 Erlenmeyer Flasks, Corning alkali resistant, Kimble more than 1 h. This can only be determined by trial. Clarity and
homogeneity of the test solution are partial indicators of the complete
resistant, or equivalent, 250 or 300 mL.
saponification, but they are not necessarily absolute criteria.
3.2 Air Condensers, minimum length 650 mm.
4.4 After the flask and condenser have cooled somewhat,
3.3 Water Bath or a Hot Plate, with variable heat control.
but not sufficiently to jell the contents, wash down the inside of
the condenser with a little distilled water. Then
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5558 − 95 (Reapproved 2011) D5558 − 95 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Saponification Value of Fats and Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5558; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the saponification value of fats and oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Significance and Use
2.1 This test method is intended for use in the determination of the saponification value of fats and oils used in the manufacture
of fat liquors for the purpose of quality assurance.
3. Apparatus and Reagents
3.1 Erlenmeyer Flasks, Corning alkali resistant, Kimble resistant, or equivalent, 250 or 300 mL.
3.2 Air Condensers, minimum length 650 mm.
3.3 Water Bath or a Hot Plate, with variable heat control.
3.4 Hydrochloric Acid, 0.5 N, accurately standardized.
3 2
3.5 Alcoholic Potassium Hydroxide, added to a 2-L flask from 1 to 1.5 L of 95 % ethyl alcohol (U.S.S.D. Formula 3A is
permitted) and a few grams (5 to 10 g) of potassium hydroxide. After boiling under a reflux condenser on a water bath for 30 to
60 min, the alcohol shall be distilled and collected. For the preparation of alcoholic potassium hydroxide, 40 g of potassium
hydroxide, low in carbonate, shall be dissolved in 1 L of the distilled alcohol, keeping the temperature below 15.5°C (60°F) while
the alkali is being dissolved. This solution should remain clear.
4. Procedure
4.1 Melt the sample, if not already liquid, and filter through filter paper to remove any impurities and the last traces of moisture.
The sample must be completely dry.
4.2 Accurately weigh a sample, of such size (usually 4 to 5 g) that the back titration is 45 to 55 % of the blank, and 50 mL of
the alcoholic KOH is added with a pipette, allowing the pipette to drain for a definite period of time.
4.2.1 Prepare a blank determination and conduct simultaneously with the sample.
4.3 Connect air condensers to the flask and boil the solution gently but steadily until the sample is completely saponified. This
usually requires approximately 1 h for normal samples. Take care that the vapor ring in the condenser does not rise to the top of
the condenser or there may be some loss.
NOTE 1—Some samples particularly difficult to saponify may require more than 1 h. This can on
...
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