ASTM D5769-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Test methods to determine benzene and the aromatic content of gasoline are necessary to assess product quality and to meet fuel regulations.
This test method can be used for gasolines that contain oxygenates (alcohols and ethers) as additives. It has been determined that the common oxygenates found in finished gasoline do not interfere with the analysis of benzene and other aromatics by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene, toluene, other specified individual aromatic compounds, and total aromatics in finished motor gasoline, including gasolines containing oxygenated blending components, by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
1.2 This test method has been tested for the following concentration ranges, in liquid volume percent, for the following aromatics: benzene, 0.1 to 4 %; toluene, 1 to 13 %; and total (C6 to C12) aromatics, 10 to 42 %. The round-robin study did not test the method for individual hydrocarbon process streams in a refinery, such as reformates, fluid catalytic cracked naphthas, and so forth, used in the blending of gasolines.
1.3 Results are reported to the nearest 0.01 % for benzene and 0.1 % for the other aromatics by liquid volume.
1.4 SI units of measurement are preferred and used throughout this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:D5769–04
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in
Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass
1
Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5769; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
Analytical Standards
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene,
toluene, other specified individual aromatic compounds, and
3. Terminology
total aromatics in finished motor gasoline, including gasolines
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
containing oxygenated blending components, by gas
3.1.1 aromatic—any hydrocarbon compound containing a
chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
benzene or naphthalene ring.
1.2 This test method has been tested for the following
3.1.2 calibrated aromatic component—the individual aro-
concentration ranges, in liquid volume percent, for the follow-
matic components that have a specific calibration.
ing aromatics: benzene, 0.1 to 4 %; toluene, 1 to 13 %; and
3.1.3 cool on-column injector—in gas chromatography,a
total (C6 to C12) aromatics, 10 to 42 %.The round-robin study
direct sample introduction system that is set at a temperature at
did not test the method for individual hydrocarbon process
orbelowtheboilingpointofsolutesorsolventoninjectionand
streamsinarefinery,suchasreformates,fluidcatalyticcracked
then heated at a rate equal to or greater than the column.
naphthas, and so forth, used in the blending of gasolines.
Normally used to eliminate boiling point discrimination on
1.3 Results are reported to the nearest 0.01 % for benzene
injection or to reduce adsorption on glass liners within injec-
and 0.1 % for the other aromatics by liquid volume.
tors, or both. The sample is injected directly into the head of
1.4 SIunitsofmeasurementarepreferredandusedthrough-
the capillary column tubing.
out this standard.
3.1.4 open split interface—GC/MS interface used to main-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tain atmospheric pressure at capillary column outlet and to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
eliminate mass spectrometer vacuum effects on the capillary
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
column. Can be used to dilute the sample entering the mass
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
spectrometer to maintain response linearity.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
3.1.5 reconstructed ion chromatogram (RIC)—a limited
2. Referenced Documents mass chromatogram representing the intensities of ion mass
2
spectrometric currents for only those ions having particular
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mass to charge ratios. Used in this test method to selectively
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
extract or identify aromatic components in the presence of a
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
complex hydrocarbon matrix, such as gasoline.
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
3.1.6 retention gap—in gas chromatography, refers to a
D4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
deactivated precolumn which acts as a zone of low retention
Liquids by Digital Density Meter
power for reconcentrating bands in space. The polarity of the
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
precolumn must be similar to that of the analytical column.
Petroleum Products
3.1.7 split ratio—in capillary gas chromatography,theratio
of the total flow of carrier gas to the sample inlet versus the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
flow of the carrier gas to the capillary column, expressed by
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
split ratio 5 S1C!/C (1)
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis. ~
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D5769–98. DOI: where:
10.1520/D5769-04.
S = flow rate at the splitter vent, and
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
C = flow rate at the column outlet.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.8 total ion chromatogram (TIC)—mass spectrometer
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. computer output representing either the summed intensities of
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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