ASTM D6593-18e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to evaluate an automotive engine oil's control of engine deposits under operating conditions deliberately selected to accelerate deposit formation. This test method was correlated with field service data, determined from side-by-side comparisons of two or more oils in police, taxi fleets, and delivery van services. The same field service oils were then used in developing the operating conditions of this test procedure.
FIG. 1 Schematic of Engine Fuel System
5.2 This test method, along with other test methods, defines the minimum performance level of the API Category SL (detailed information about this category is included in Specification D4485). This test method is also incorporated in automobile manufacturers' factory-fill specifications.
5.3 The basic engine used in this test method is representative of many that are in modern automobiles. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, should be considered when interpreting test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is commonly referred to as the Sequence VG test,2 and it has been correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go service prior to 1996, particularly with regard to sludge and varnish formation.3 It is one of the test methods required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy the API SL performance category.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or specified single source equipment.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 7.7, 7.10.2.2, 8.3.4.2, 8.4.4.3, 9.2.6, 9.3.4.5, 12.1.1.7, 12.2.1.4, and Annex A5.
1.4 A Table of Contents follows:
Section
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus (General Description)
6
Apparatus (The Test Engine)
7
Sequence VG Test Engine
7.1
Required New Engine Parts
7.2
Reusable Engine Parts
7.3
Specially Fabricated Engine Parts
7.4
Special Engine Measurement and Assembly Equipment
7.5
Miscellaneous Engine Components-Preparation
7.6
Solvents and Cleaners Required
7.7
Assembling the Test Engine-Preparations
7.8
Assembling the Test Engine-Installations
7.9
Engine Installation on the Test Stand
7.10
Engine Fluids (Supply/Discharge Systems)
8
Intake Air
8.1
Fuel and Fuel System
8.2
Engine Oil and Engine Oil System
8.3
Coolants
8.4
Measurement Instrumentation
9
Temperatures
9.1
Pressures
9.2
Flow Rates
9.3
Fuel Consumption
9.4
Speed and Load
9.5
Exhaust Gas
9.6
Humidity
9.7
Miscellaneous Laboratory Equipment
10
Test Stand Calibration
11
Test Procedure
12
Pre-Test Procedure
12.1
Engine Operating Procedure
12.2
Periodic Measurements and Functions
12.3
Special Maintenance Procedures
12.4
Diagnostic Data Review
12.5
End of Test Procedure
12.6
Interpretation of Test Results
13
Parts Rating Area-Environment
13.1
Sludge Ratings
13.2
Varnish Ratings
13.3
Clogging
13.4
Sticking
13.5
Used Oil Analyses
13.6
Assessment of Test Validity
14
General
14.1
Used Oil Anal...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D6593 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of
Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion
Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-
1
Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially updated TMC governance information in June 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
TheTMCprovidesreferenceoils,andengineeringandstatisticalservicestolaboratoriesthatdesire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
theAmericanChemistryCouncilrequirethatalaboratoryutilizetheTMCservicesaspartoftheirtest
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence theTest Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test procedures based on generic
equipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has been
approved by the technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and is required by the test
procedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encouraged to clearly identify
if the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTM
encouragesalternativesupplierstobegiventheopportunityforconsiderationofsupplyingthecritical
part/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the technical committee.
An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee
(current chairs shown onASTM TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details of the part
that is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and determine
feasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that a
replacement critical part has been identified and proven equivalent, the sole-source supplier footnote
shall be removed from the test procedure.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers and is commonly referred to as
2
theSequenceVGtest, andithasbeencorrelatedwithvehicles
used in stop-and-go service prior to 1996, particularly with
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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D6593 − 18
3
regard to sludge and varnish formation. It is one of the test
Diagnostic Data Review 12.5
End of Test Procedure 12.6
methods required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy the API
Interpretation of Test Results 13
SL performance category.
Parts Rating Area-Environment 13.1
Sludge Ratings 13.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Varnish Ratings 13.3
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Clogging 13.4
Sticking 13.5
standard.
Used Oil Analyses 13.6
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent
Assessment of Test Validity 14
such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing
General 14.1
size, or specified single source equipment. Used Oil Analyses-Interpretation 14.2
Blowby Flow Rate 14.3
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Manifold Absolute Pressure 14.4
Fuel Consumption Rate 14.5
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Oil Consumption 14.6
responsibility of the user of this standard to establi
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