ASTM D5769-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Test methods to determine benzene and the aromatic content of gasoline are necessary to assess product quality and to meet fuel regulations.
This test method can be used for gasolines that contain oxygenates (alcohols and ethers) as additives. It has been determined that the common oxygenates found in finished gasoline do not interfere with the analysis of benzene and other aromatics by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene, toluene, other specified individual aromatic compounds, and total aromatics in finished motor gasoline, including gasolines containing oxygenated blending components, by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
1.2 This test method has been tested for the following concentration ranges, in liquid volume percent, for the following aromatics: benzene, 0.1 to 4 %; toluene, 1 to 13 %; and total (C6 to C12) aromatics, 10 to 42 %. The round-robin study did not test the method for individual hydrocarbon process streams in a refinery, such as reformates, fluid catalytic cracked naphthas, and so forth, used in the blending of gasolines.
1.3 Results are reported to the nearest 0.01 % for benzene and 0.1 % for the other aromatics by liquid volume.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
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Designation: D5769 − 10
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in
Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass
1
Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5769; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene,
Petroleum Products
toluene, other specified individual aromatic compounds, and
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
total aromatics in finished motor gasoline, including gasolines
Analytical Standards
containing oxygenated blending components, by gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method has been tested for the following
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
concentration ranges, in liquid volume percent, for the follow-
3.1.1 aromatic—any hydrocarbon compound containing a
ing aromatics: benzene, 0.1 to 4 %; toluene, 1 to 13 %; and
benzene or naphthalene ring.
total (C6 to C12) aromatics, 10 to 42 %.The round-robin study
did not test the method for individual hydrocarbon process 3.1.2 calibrated aromatic component—the individual aro-
streamsinarefinery,suchasreformates,fluidcatalyticcracked matic components that have a specific calibration.
naphthas, and so forth, used in the blending of gasolines.
3.1.3 cool on-column injector—in gas chromatography,a
1.3 Results are reported to the nearest 0.01 % for benzene direct sample introduction system that is set at a temperature at
orbelowtheboilingpointofsolutesorsolventoninjectionand
and 0.1 % for the other aromatics by liquid volume.
then heated at a rate equal to or greater than the column.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Normally used to eliminate boiling point discrimination on
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
injection or to reduce adsorption on glass liners within
standard.
injectors, or both. The sample is injected directly into the head
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of the capillary column tubing.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 open split interface—GC/MS interface used to main-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tain atmospheric pressure at capillary column outlet and to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
eliminate mass spectrometer vacuum effects on the capillary
bility of regulatory limitations prior to its use.
column. Can be used to dilute the sample entering the mass
spectrometer to maintain response linearity.
2. Referenced Documents
2
3.1.5 reconstructed ion chromatogram (RIC)—a limited
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mass chromatogram representing the intensities of ion mass
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
spectrometric currents for only those ions having particular
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
mass to charge ratios. Used in this test method to selectively
ucts by Hydrometer Method
extract or identify aromatic components in the presence of a
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
complex hydrocarbon matrix, such as gasoline.
3.1.6 retention gap—in gas chromatography, refers to a
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
deactivated precolumn which acts as a zone of low retention
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
power for reconcentrating bands in space. The polarity of the
Subcommittee D02.04.0M on Mass Spectroscopy.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originally
precolumn must be similar to that of the analytical column.
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5769–04. DOI:
3.1.7 split ratio—in capillary gas chromatography, the ratio
10.1520/D5769-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or of the total flow of carrier gas to the sample inlet versus the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
flow of the carrier gas to the capillary column, expressed by:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. split ratio 5 S1C /C (1)
~ !
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5769 − 10
where: 6.1.1 System equipped with temperature-programmable gas
chromatog
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5769–04 Designation:D5769–10
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in
Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass
1
Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5769; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope *
1.1 This test method covers the determination of benzene, toluene, other specified individual aromatic compounds, and total
aromatics in finished motor gasoline, including gasolines containing oxygenated blending components, by gas chromatography/
mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
1.2 This test method has been tested for the following concentration ranges, in liquid volume percent, for the following
aromatics: benzene, 0.1 to 4 %; toluene, 1 to 13 %; and total (C6 to C12) aromatics, 10 to 42 %. The round-robin study did not
test the method for individual hydrocarbon process streams in a refinery, such as reformates, fluid catalytic cracked naphthas, and
so forth, used in the blending of gasolines.
1.3 Results are reported to the nearest 0.01 % for benzene and 0.1 % for the other aromatics by liquid volume.
1.4SI units of measurement are preferred and used throughout this standard.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to its use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), orAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum
Products by Hydrometer Method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 aromatic—any hydrocarbon compound containing a benzene or naphthalene ring.
3.1.2 calibrated aromatic component—the individual aromatic components that have a specific calibration.
3.1.3 cool on-column injector—in gas chromatography, a direct sample introduction system that is set at a temperature at or
below the boiling point of solutes or solvent on injection and then heated at a rate equal to or greater than the column. Normally
used to eliminate boiling point discrimination on injection or to reduce adsorption on glass liners within injectors, or both. The
sample is injected directly into the head of the capillary column tubing.
3.1.4 open split interface—GC/MS interface used to maintain atmospheric pressure at capillary column outlet and to eliminate
mass spectrometer vacuum effects on the capillary column. Can be used to dilute the sample entering the mass spectrometer to
maintain response linearity.
3.1.5 reconstructed ion chromatogram (RIC)—a limited mass chromatogram representing the intensities of ion mass
spectrometric currents for only those ions having particular mass to charge ratios. Used in this test method to selectively extract
or identify aromatic components in the presence of a complex hydrocarbon matrix, such as gasoline.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.04.0M
on Hydrocarbon Analysis.Mass Spectroscopy.
Current edition approved May 1, 2004.2010. Published June 2004.August 2010. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 19982004as
D5769–98.D5769–04. DOI: 10.1520/D5769-104.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D5769–10
3.1.6 retention gap—in gas
...
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