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ASTM D1835-03a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to cover the common use applications.
1.2 This specification is applicable to products intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2003
ICS
75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.H0 - Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1835-03 - Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Replaced By
ASTM D1835-05 - Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Referred By
ASTM D1838-21 - Standard Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7756-19 - Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases by Gas Chromatography with Liquid, On-Column Injection
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D2158-21 - Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D2420-23 - Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (Lead Acetate Method)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D2713-20 - Standard Test Method for Dryness of Propane (Valve Freeze Method)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D2712-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbon Impurities in High Purity Propylene by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D2598-21 - Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D4150-23a - Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7994-17 - Standard Test Method for Total Fluorine, Chlorine, and Sulfur in Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) by Oxidative Pyrohydrolytic Combustion Followed by Ion Chromatography Detection (Combustion Ion Chromatography-CIC)
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7423-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in C2, C3, C4, and C5 Hydrocarbon Matrices by Gas Chromatography and Flame Ionization Detection
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D5303-20 - Standard Test Method for Trace Carbonyl Sulfide in Propylene by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D2163-23e1 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7995-19 - Standard Test Method for Total Water in Liquid Butane by Liquefied Gas Sampler and Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003

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ASTM D1835-03a - Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) GasesASTM D1835-03a - Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
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ASTM D1835-03a - Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 1835 – 03a
Standard Specification for
1
Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1835; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 2420 Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquefied
Petroleum (LP) Gases (Lead Acetate Method)
1.1 This specification covers those products commonly
D 2598 Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Prop-
referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane,
erties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Composi-
propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials.
tional Analysis
Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to
D 2713 Test Method for Dryness of Propane (Valve Freeze
cover the common use applications.
Method)
1.2 This specification is applicable to products intended for
D 2784 Test Method for Sulfur in Liquefied Petroleum
useasdomestic,commercialandindustrialheating,andengine
Gases (Oxy-Hydrogen Burner or Lamp)
fuels.
D 3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Float-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ing Piston Cylinder
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D 6667 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in
only.
Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.2 Other Document:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
GPA Standard 2140
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Definitions:
2
3.1.1 commercial butane—a hydrocarbon product for use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
where low volatility is required.
D 1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
3.1.2 commercial PB mixtures—mixtures of propane and
Gases (Manual Method)
butane for use where intermediate volatility is required.
D 1267 Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied
3.1.3 commercial propane—a hydrocarbon product for use
Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
where high volatility is required. Commercial propane is
D 1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of
suitable for certain low severity internal combustion engine
Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
applications.
D 1837 Test Method for Volatility of Liquefied Petroleum
3.1.4 special-duty propane—a high-quality product com-
(LP) Gases
posed chiefly of propane, which exhibits superior antiknock
D 1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Lique-
characteristics when used as an internal combustion engine
fied Petroleum (LP) Gases
fuel.
D 2158 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum
(LP) Gases
4. Sampling
D 2163 Test Method for Analysis of Liquefied Petroleum
4.1 Proper sampling of liquefied gases is extremely impor-
(LP) Gases and Propene Concentrates by Gas Chromatog-
tant if the test results are to be significant. Obtain representa-
raphy
tive samples in accordance with Practice D 1265 or Practice
D 3700.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on 5. Detailed Requirements
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.1 The four types of liquefied petroleum gases shall con-
D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
form to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 1835–03.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Gas Processors Assn., 6526 E. 60th St., Tulsa, OK 74145.
the ASTM website. www.gasprocessors.com
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 1835 – 03a
TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements for Liquefied Petroleum Gases
Product Type
ASTM Test
Commercial Commercial Commercial Special-Duty
Methods (see
A
Propane Butane PB Mixtures Propane
Section 2)
B C
Vapor pressure at 37.8°C (100°F), max, 1434 483 1434 D 1267 or D 2598
kPa
B C
psig 208 70 208 D 1267 or D 2598
Volatile residue:
evaporated temperature, 95 %, max, °C −38.3 2.2 2.2 −38.3
°F −37 36 36 −37 D 1837
or
butane and heavier, max, vol % 2.5 . . 2.5 D 2163
pentane and heavi
...

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ASTM D1267-23(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Information on the vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products under temperature conditions from 37.8 °C to 70 °C (100 °F to 158 °F) is pertinent to selection of properly designed storage vessels, shipping containers, and customer utilization equipment to ensure safe handling of these products.  
5.2 Determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gas is important for safety reasons to ensure that the maximum operating design pressures of storage, handling, and fuel systems will not be exceeded under normal operating temperature conditions.  
5.3 For liquefied petroleum gases, vapor pressure can be considered a semi-quantitative measure of the amount of the most volatile material present in the product, and this can give an indication of low temperature operability.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gauge vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products at temperatures of 37.8 °C (100 °F) up to and including a test temperature of 70 °C (158 °F). (Warning—Extremely flammable gas. May be harmful when inhaled.)
Note 1: An alternative method for measurement of vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gases is Test Method D6897.  
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ASTM D1265-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method

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5.1 Samples of liquefied petroleum gases are examined by various test methods to determine physical and chemical characteristics and conformance with specifications.  
5.2 Equipment described by this practice may be suitable for transportation of LPG samples, subject to applicable transportation regulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers equipment and procedures for obtaining a representative sample of specification Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), such as specified in Specification D1835, GPA 2140, and comparable international standards. This standard is applicable to flow-through cylinders with two valves and is not applicable to single valve cylinders or larger LPG sample containers such as those utilized for barbecue grills and/or forklift cylinders.  
1.2 This practice is suitable for obtaining representative samples for all routine tests for LP gases required by Specification D1835. In the event of a dispute involving sample integrity when sampling for testing against Specification D1835 requirements, Practice D3700 shall be used as the referee sampling procedure.  
1.3 This practice may also be used for other Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) products that are normally highly volatile, single phase materials (NGL mix, natural gasoline, field butane, etc.), defined in other industry specifications or contractual agreements, where use of open sample containers would risk the loss of volatile components. It is not intended for non-specification products that contain significant quantities of undissolved gases (N2, CO2), free water or other separated phases, such as raw or unprocessed gas/liquids mixtures and related materials. The same equipment can be used for these purposes, but additional precautions are generally needed to obtain representative samples of multiphase products (see Appendix X1 on Sampling Guidelines in Practice D3700).
Note 1: Practice D3700 describes a recommended practice for obtaining a representative sample of a light hydrocarbon fluid and the subsequent preparation of that sample for laboratory analysis when dissolved gases are present. Use of Practice D1265 will result in a small but predictable low bias for dissolved gases due to the liquid venting procedure to establish the 20 % minimum ullage.  
1.4 This practice includes recommendations for the location of a sample point in a line or vessel. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the sampling point is located so as to obtain a representative sample.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.5.1 Exception—Non-SI units are shown in parentheses for information only.  
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5.1 Liquefied petroleum gases and their products of combustion must not be unduly corrosive to the materials with which they come in contact. The potential personnel exposure hazards of H2S also make the detection and measurement of hydrogen sulfide important, even in low concentrations. In addition, in some cases the odor of the gases shall not be objectionable. (See Specification D1835 and GPA 2140.)
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5.1 LP-gas is colorless and odorless, and not detectable by normal human senses. To provide an olfactory warning in the event of a leak, LP-gas intended for domestic or commercial fuel use is intentionally odorized so as to be readily detectable well below flammable or suffocating concentration levels of LP-gas in air. (See Appendix X1 for important explanations.) The most common odorant for LP-gas is ethyl mercaptan. The field use of this test method will rapidly determine the presence and concentration of ethyl mercaptan in LP-gas vapor without the necessity for complex laboratory equipment.
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ASTM D1835-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

ABSTRACT
This specification covers liquefied petroleum gases consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. The products are intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels. Care must be taken to in sampling of the liquefied gases for test results to be significant. All four types of liquefied petroleum gases covered by this specification should conform to the specified requirements for vapor pressure, volatile residue, residue matter, relative density, and corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to cover the common use applications.  
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ASTM D2158-21(Test Method)
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5.1 Control over the residue content (required by Specification D1835) is of considerable importance in end-use applications of LPG. In liquid feed systems, residues can lead to troublesome deposits and, in vapor withdrawal systems, residues that are carried over can foul regulating equipment. Residues that remain in vapor-withdrawal systems will accumulate, can be corrosive, and will contaminate subsequent product. Water, particularly if alkaline, can cause failure of regulating equipment and corrosion of metals.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of extraneous materials weathering above 38 °C that are present in liquefied petroleum gases. The extraneous materials will generally be dissolved in the LPG, but may have phase-separated in some instances.  
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain certain anti-icing additives can give erroneous results by this test method.  
1.3 Although this test method has been used to verify cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for many years, it might not be sensitive enough to protect some equipment from operational problems or increased maintenance. A more sensitive test, able to detect lower levels of dissolved contaminants, could be required for some applications.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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ASTM D2598-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Vapor pressure is an important specification property of commercial propane, special duty propane, propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane that assures adequate vaporization, safety, and compatibility with commercial appliances. Relative density, while not a specification criterion, is necessary for determination of filling densities and custody transfer. The motor octane number (MON) is useful in determining the products' suitability as a fuel for internal combustion engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers, by compositional analysis, the approximate determination of the following physical characteristics of commercial propane, special-duty propane, commercial propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane (covered by Specification D1835): vapor pressure, relative density, and motor octane number (MON).  
1.1.1 This practice is not applicable to any product exceeding specifications for nonvolatile residues. (See Test Method D2158.)  
1.1.2 For calculating motor octane number, this practice is applicable only to mixtures containing 20 % or less of propene.  
1.1.3 For calculated motor octane number, this practice is based on mixtures containing only components shown in Table 1.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions:  
1.2.1.1 Non-SI units in parentheses are given for information only.
1.2.1.2 Motor octane number and relative density are given in MON numbers and dimensionless units, respectively.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6667-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The sulfur content of LPG, used for fuel purposes, contributes to SOx emissions and can lead to corrosion in engine and exhaust systems. Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned by sulfur bearing materials in the feed stocks. This test method can be used to determine sulfur in process feeds, to measure sulfur in finished products, and can also be used for compliance determinations when acceptable to a regulatory authority.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total volatile sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases. It is applicable to analysis of natural, processed, and final product materials. Precision has been determined for sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons in the range of 1 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg and for sulfur in LP gases in the range of 1 mg/kg to 196 mg/kg (Note 1).
Note 1: An estimate of pooled limit of quantification (PLOQ), information regarding sample stability and other general information derived from the interlaboratory studies on precision can be referenced in the ASTM research reports.2,3  
1.2 This test method may not detect sulfur compounds that do not vaporize under the conditions of the test.  
1.3 This test method is applicable for total volatile sulfur determination in LP gases containing less than 0.35 % (mass/mass) halogen(s).  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 3.1 and Sections 6 and 7 for specific warning statements.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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