ASTM D3550/D3550M-17
(Practice)Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils
Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The thick-wall ring lined drive sampler has been used for over 50 years in the arid southwest regions of the U.S. where unsaturated soils are too difficult to sample using the thin-walled tube (Practice D1587). Variations of the sampler include names such as “Dames and Moore, California, Modified California barrels” with outside barrel diameters ranging from 2.5 to 3.5 in. [60-90 mm].4 In addition to the blow count, these drive samplers have the added benefit of having a ring lined specimens that can be evaluated in the laboratory. Versions of the original Dames and Moore type sampler shown in Fig. 1 are still used, but many now use the Diamond Drill Core Manufacturers Association (DCDMA)5 specification split barrel drive samplers Fig. 2. The ring lined samplers normally have provisions for a 6-in. [150 mm] waste barrel with or without rings in the top section of the barrel. Drilling in the unsaturated soils is performed almost exclusively with hollow-stem augers (Practice D6151) because it is a dry drilling method. The test can be performed in fluid rotary or other drill holes but use of fluid rotary methods are not recommended in unsaturated soils as the drill fluid may alter the sample properties. Most operators use a 140 lb [75 kg] hammer mass but other hammer masses may be used.Practice D3740 was developed for agencies engaged in the laboratory testing and/or inspection of soil and rock. As such, it is not totally applicable to agencies performing this practice. However, user of this practice should recognize that the framework of practice D3740 is appropriate for evaluating the quality of an agency performing this practice. Currently there is no known qualifying national authority that inspects agencies that perform this practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedure for thick wall, split barrel drive sampling of soil to obtain representative samples of soil for classification and laboratory testing. The sampler is considered to be a thick wall sampler with sharpened cutting shoe and ball check vent. The middle barrel section is split barrel design containing ring liners. The sampler is often driven, but can also be pushed in softer deposits. Penetration resistance data may be recorded. This standard uses procedures similar to Test Method D1586 on Penetration Resistance and Split Barrel Sampling of Soils. However, in this practice, differing hammer weights, drop heights, and different size samplers are used, so the data must not be reported as conforming to Test Method D1586 and cannot be used to determine Normalized penetration resistance data for sands in accordance with Practice D6066.
1.2 This practice involves use of rotary drilling equipment (Guide D5783, Practice D6151). Other drilling and sampling procedures (Guide D6286, Guide D6169) are available and may be more appropriate. Considerations for hand driving or shallow sampling without boreholes are not addressed. Subsurface explorations should be recorded in accordance with Guide D5434. Soil samples should be classified in accordance with Practice D2488.
1.3 The soil samples from this test will have some degree of disturbance because the sampler is a driven thick walled sample tube. Table 2 of Guide D6169 on Soil and Rock Sampling provides guidance for selection of soil samplers for samples that may require intact samples defined by Terminology D653 for laboratory testing. The degree of disturbance must be evaluated by the user (engineer) to determine the suitability of the sample for use in laboratory tests. If samples are not suitable for laboratory testing, other soil samplers should be used (see 4.4.1).
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in ...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3550/D3550M − 17
Standard Practice for
Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of
1
Soils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3550/D3550M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
[presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as
1.1 Thispracticecoversprocedureforthickwall,splitbarrel
standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact
drive sampling of soil to obtain representative samples of soil
equivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependently
for classification and laboratory testing. The sampler is con-
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may
sidered to be a thick wall sampler with sharpened cutting shoe
result in non-conformance with the standard
and ball check vent. The middle barrel section is split barrel
design containing ring liners. The sampler is often driven, but
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
can also be pushed in softer deposits. Penetration resistance
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
data may be recorded. This standard uses procedures similar to
Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
Test Method D1586 on Penetration Resistance and Split Barrel
1.6 This practice offers an organized collection of informa-
Sampling of Soils. However, in this practice, differing hammer
tion or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
weights, drop heights, and different size samplers are used, so
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
the data must not be reported as conforming to Test Method
experienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithprofessional
D1586 and cannot be used to determine Normalized penetra-
judgement.Notallaspectsofthispracticemaybeapplicablein
tion resistance data for sands in accordance with Practice
all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to
D6066.
represent or replace the standard of care by which the
1.2 This practice involves use of rotary drilling equipment
adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor
(Guide D5783, Practice D6151). Other drilling and sampling
should this document be applied without consideration of a
procedures (Guide D6286, Guide D6169) are available and
project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the
may be more appropriate. Considerations for hand driving or
title of this document means only that the document has been
shallow sampling without boreholes are not addressed. Sub-
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
surface explorations should be recorded in accordance with
1.6.1 This practice does not purport to comprehensively
Guide D5434. Soil samples should be classified in accordance
address all of the methods and the issues associated with soil
with Practice D2488.
sampling. Users should seek qualified professionals for the
1.3 The soil samples from this test will have some degree of
decisions as to the proper equipment and methods that would
disturbance because the sampler is a driven thick walled
be most successful for their site exploration. Other methods
sample tube. Table 2 of Guide D6169 on Soil and Rock
may be available for monitoring soil sampling and qualified
Sampling provides guidance for selection of soil samplers for
professionals should have flexibility to exercise judgement as
samples that may require intact samples defined by Terminol-
to possible alternatives not covered in this practice.
ogy D653 for laboratory testing. The degree of disturbance
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
must be evaluated by the user (engineer) to determine the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
suitability of the sample for use in laboratory tests. If samples
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are not suitable for laboratory testing, other soil samplers
priate safety and health practices. The user must comply with
should be used (see 4.4.1).
prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA (Occupational
Health and Safety Administration) guidelines while using this
practice. For good safety practice, consult applicable OSHA
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
2
regulations and other safety guides on drilling.
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling and
Related Field Testing f
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