ASTM E2558-13

Standard Test Method for Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Wood-Burning Fireplaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used for determining emission factors and emission rates for low mass wood-burning fireplaces.  
5.1.1 The emission factor is useful for determining emission performance during product development.  
5.1.2 The emission factor is useful for the air quality regulatory community for determining compliance with emission performance limits.  
5.1.3 The emission rate may be useful for the air quality regulatory community for determining impacts on air quality from fireplaces, but must be used with caution as use patterns must be factored into any prediction of atmospheric particulate matter impacts from fireplaces based on results from this method.  
5.2 The reporting units are grams of particulate per kilogram of dry fuel and grams of particulate per hour.  
5.2.1 Appropriate reporting units for comparing emissions from non-heating appliances: g/kg.  
5.2.2 Appropriate reporting units for predicting atmospheric emission impacts only if hours of fireplace use are factored in: g/h.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the fueling and operating protocol for determining particulate matter emissions from wood fires in low mass wood-burning fireplaces. The fueling and operating protocol for determining particular matter emissions from masonry or other high mass fireplaces is covered in Annex A1 of this test method.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jul-2013
• ICS: 13.040.40 - Stationary source emissions
• ICS: 97.100.30 - Solid fuel heaters
• Technical Committee: E06 - Performance of Buildings
• Drafting Committee: E06.54 - Solid Fuel Burning Appliances

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2558 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in
1
Wood-Burning Fireplaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2558; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 base of fireplace, n—the lowest part of the fireplace
1.1 This test method covers the fueling and operating
assembly that would normally be in contact with the floor of
protocol for determining particulate matter emissions from
the dwelling or structure in which it is installed.
wood fires in low mass wood-burning fireplaces. The fueling
and operating protocol for determining particular matter emis- 3.2.2 Douglas fir, n—untreated, standard, or better grade
sions from masonry or other high mass fireplaces is covered in
Douglasfirlumberwithagencygradestamp:D.FirorDouglas
Annex A1 of this test method. Fir.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 3.2.3 firebox, n—the volume within the fireplace where logs
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical are burned.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.2.4 first fuel crib, n—the first fuel load (including fuel
and are not considered standard.
pieces and spacers to create air spaces) placed on the residual
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fuel from the kindling brands. The specific configuration is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the described in 9.3.5.1.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.5 fuel piece, n—2×4or4×4 wood pieces used to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
construct fuel cribs and referring to the nominal width and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
depthdimensionsforcommonlyavailabledimensionallumber.
1 1
The actual dimensions are 1 ⁄2×3 ⁄2 in. (38 × 89mm) and
2. Referenced Documents
1 1
3 ⁄2×3 ⁄2 in. (89×89mm).
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.6 grate, n—any device included with the fireplace or
E631Terminology of Building Constructions
specified by the fireplace manufacturer for the purpose of
E2515Test Method for Determination of Particulate Matter
elevatingthefuelloadabovethehearthorforconstrainingfuel
Emissions Collected by a Dilution Tunnel
pieces from falling outside the intended burning area, or both.
3
2.2 NIST Document:
This includes basket grates and andirons.
Monograph 175Temperature-Electromotive Force Refer-
3.2.7 hearth, n—the footprint of the fireplace firebox.
ence Functions and Tables for the Letter-Designated
Thermocouple Types Based on the ITS-90 3.2.8 kindling brands, n—the initial fuel load or loads
placedabovecrumplednewspapertoinitiatecombustioninthe
3. Terminology
fireplace and to establish a charcoal bed that will become the
ignition source for subsequent fuel loads.These are comprised
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this test method are defined
offuelstripsseparatedbyairspaces.Thespecificconfiguration
in Terminology E631.
is described in 9.3.4.
3.2.9 low mass fireplace, n—any fireplace and attached
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
chimney that can be weighed (including the weight of the test
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.54
fuel) on a platform scale that meets the requirements as
on Solid Fuel Burning Appliances.
Current edition approved July 15, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally specified in 7.3 and 8.2.
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2558–09. DOI:
3.2.10 nominal fuel length, n—the Nominal Fuel Length
10.1520/E2558-13.
2
(NFL) is one of five incremental nominal fuel piece lengths
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
that simulates real-world firewood five piece lengths. These
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
lengthsare16in.(406mm),18in.(457mm),20in.(508mm),
the ASTM website.
3
22 in. (559mm), and 24 in. (610mm). The NFL is used for
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov. both the kindling brands and fuel cribs.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E2558 − 13
3.2.11 particulate matter (PM), n—all gas-borne matter remains of the kindling. When the first crib is substanti
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2558 − 09 E2558 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Determining Particulate Matter Emissions from Fires in Low
1
Mass Wood-Burning Fireplaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2558; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the fueling and operating protocol for determining particulate matter emissions from wood fires in
low mass wood-burning fireplaces. The fueling and operating protocol for determining particular matter emissions from masonry
or other high mass fireplaces is covered in Annex A1 of this test method.
1.2 The values stated in SIinch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to inch-poundSI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E2515 Test Method for Determination of Particulate Matter Emissions Collected by a Dilution Tunnel
3
2.2 NIST Document:
Monograph 175 Temperature-Electromotive Force Reference Functions and Tables for the Letter-Designated Thermocouple
Types Based on the ITS-90
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this test method are defined in Terminology E631.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 base of fireplace, n—the lowest part of the fireplace assembly that would normally be in contact with the floor of the
dwelling or structure in which it is installed.
3.2.2 Douglas fir, n—untreated, standard, or better grade Douglas fir lumber with agency grade stamp: D. Fir or Douglas Fir.
3.2.3 firebox, n—the volume within the fireplace where logs are burned.
3.2.4 first fuel crib, n—the first fuel load (including fuel pieces and spacers to create air spaces) placed on the residual fuel from
the kindling brands. The specific configuration is described in 9.3.5.39.3.5.1.
3.2.5 fuel piece, n—2 × 4 or 4 × 4 wood pieces used to construct fuel cribs and referring to the nominal width and depth
1 1
dimensions for commonly available dimensional lumber. The actual dimensions are 38 × 89 mm (11 ⁄2 × 3 ⁄2 in.) and 89 × 89 mm
1 1
(3in. (38 × 89 mm) and 3 ⁄2 × 3 ⁄2 in.).in. (89 × 89 mm).
3.2.6 grate, n—any device included with the fireplace or specified by the fireplace manufacturer for the purpose of elevating
the fuel load above the hearth or for constraining fuel pieces from falling outside the intended burning area, or both. This includes
basket grates and andirons.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.54 on Solid Fuel
Burning Appliances.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009July 15, 2013. Published April 2010August 2013. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20082009 as
E2558 – 08.E2558 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/E2558-09.10.1520/E2558-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2558 − 13
3.2.7 hearth, n—the footprint of the fireplace firebox.
3.2.8 kindling brands, n—the initial fuel load or loads placed above crumpled newspaper to initiate combustion in the fireplace
and to establish a charcoal bed that will become the ignition source for subsequent fuel loads. These are comprised of fuel strips
separated by air spaces. The specific configuration is described in 9.3.4.
3.2.9 low mass fireplace, n—any fireplace and attached chimney that can be weighed (including the weight of the test fuel) on
a platform scale that meets the r
...