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ASTM E1259-10

(Test Method)

Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390°C

Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390°C

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Guide D6469 details the types of problems associated with uncontrolled microbial growth in fuels and fuel systems. Treatment with effective antimicrobial agents is one element of contamination control strategy.
The procedure should be used to evaluate the relative efficacy of microbicides in liquid fuels boiling below 390°C. The effect of environmental conditions, such as a variety of fuel additives, metal surfaces, and climatology, are variables that can be included in specific tests using this protocol.
This practice addresses product performance issues only. Regulatory Agencies restrict and control the use of both pesticides (in the U.S.: 40 CFR 152) and fuel additives (40 CFR 79). Regardless of performance in this method, antimicrobials must only be used in compliance with applicable regulations. Specific industries, for example, the aviation industry, may place further restrictions on chemicals used for fuel treatment.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is designed to evaluate antimicrobial agents for the prevention of microbially influenced deterioration of liquid fuels (as defined by Specification D396, D910, D975, D1655, D2069, D2880, D3699, D4814, D6227, D6751, and D7467), system deterioration, or both.
1.2 Knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for these procedures.
1.3 It is the responsibility of the investigator to determine whether Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) is required and to follow them where appropriate (40 CFR, 160), or as revised.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2010
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
E35 - Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents
Drafting Committee
E35.15 - Antimicrobial Agents
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1259-05 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390°C
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Replaced By
ASTM E1259-16 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390°C
Effective Date
01-Apr-2016
Referred By
ASTM D6469-20 - Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Referred By
ASTM E1259-23 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390 °C
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Referred By
ASTM D7826-23a - Standard Guide for Evaluation of New Aviation Gasolines and New Aviation Gasoline Additives
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Referred By
ASTM D7847-22 - Standard Guide for Interlaboratory Studies for Microbiological Test Methods
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1259 − 10
StandardPractice for
Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below
1
390°C
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1259; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
Fuel
1.1 This practice is designed to evaluate antimicrobial
D5465 Practice for Determining Microbial Colony Counts
agents for the prevention of microbially influenced deteriora-
from Waters Analyzed by Plating Methods
tion of liquid fuels (as defined by Specification D396, D910,
D6227 Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Con-
D975, D1655, D2069, D2880, D3699, D4814, D6227, D6751,
taining a Non-hydrocarbon Component
and D7467), system deterioration, or both.
D6293 Test Method for Oxygenates and Paraffin, Olefin,
1.2 Knowledge of microbiological techniques is required
Naphthene, Aromatic(O-PONA) Hydrocarbon Types in
for these procedures.
Low-Olefin Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chroma-
3
tography (Withdrawn 2009)
1.3 It is the responsibility of the investigator to determine
whether Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) is required and to D6469 GuideforMicrobialContaminationinFuelsandFuel
Systems
follow them where appropriate (40 CFR, 160), or as revised.
D6729 Test Method for Determination of Individual Com-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ponents in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 100 Metre
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Capillary High Resolution Gas Chromatography
standard.
D6733 Test Method for Determination of Individual Com-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ponents in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 50-Metre
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Capillary High Resolution Gas Chromatography
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
for Middle Distillate Fuels
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D6974 Practice for Enumeration of Viable Bacteria and
Fungi in Liquid Fuels—Filtration and Culture Procedures
2. Referenced Documents
D7463 Test Method forAdenosineTriphosphate (ATP) Con-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: tent of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and
Fuel Associated Water
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D910 Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines D7464 Practice for Manual Sampling of Liquid Fuels, As-
sociated Materials and Fuel System Components for
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels Microbiological Testing
3
D2069 Specification for Marine Fuels (Withdrawn 2003) D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils (B6 to B20)
D3699 Specification for Kerosine E1326 Guide for Evaluating Non-culture Microbiological
Tests Used for Enumerating Bacteria
2.2 NACE Standard:
TM0172 Determining Corrosive Properties of Cargoes in
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides,
4
Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of Petroleum Product Pipelines
Subcommittee E35.15 on Antimicrobial Agents.
2.3 Federal Standards:
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally
40 CFR Part 79 Fuels and Fuel Additives Registration
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1259 – 05. DOI:
5
Regulations
10.1520/E1259-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Item No. 21204, available from NACE International (NACE), 1440 South
the ASTM website. Creek Dr., Houston, TX 77084-4906, http://www.nace.org.
3 5
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
www.astm.org. 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1259 − 10
40 CFR Part 152 Pesticide Registration and Classification 5.3 This practice addresses product performance issues
5
Procedures only. Regulatory Agencies restrict and control the use of both
pesticides (in the U.S.: 40 CFR 152) and fuel additives (40
3. Terminology
CFR 79). Regardless of performance in thi
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1259–05 Designation: E1259 – 10
Standard Practice for
Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below
1
390°C
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1259; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thispracticeisdesignedtoevaluateantimicrobialagentsforthepreventionofmicrobiallyinfluenceddeteriorationofliquid
fuels (as defined by Specification D396, D910, D975, D1655, D2069, D2880, D3699, D4814, D6227, and , D6751, and D7467),
system deterioration, or both.
1.2 Knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for these procedures.
1.3 It is the responsibility of the investigator to determine whether Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) is required and to follow
them where appropriate (40 CFR, 160), or as revised.
1.4
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D910 Specification for Aviation Gasolines
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D2069 Specification for Marine Fuels
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D3699 Specification for Kerosine D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D5465 Practice for Determining Microbial Colony Counts from Waters Analyzed by Plating Methods
D6227 Specification for Grade 82 Unleaded Aviation Gasoline
D6293 Test Method for Oxygenates and Paraffin, Olefin, Naphthene, Aromatic(O-PONA) Hydrocarbon Types in Low-Olefin
Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
D6469 Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems
D6729 Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 100 Metre Capillary High
Resolution Gas Chromatography
D6733 Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 50-Metre Capillary High
Resolution Gas Chromatography
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
D6974 Practice for Enumeration of Viable Bacteria and Fungi in Liquid FuelsFiltration and Culture Procedures
D7463 Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures and Fuel
Associated Water
D7464 Practice for Manual Sampling of Liquid Fuels,Associated Materials and Fuel System Components for Microbiological
Testing
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E35.15
on Antimicrobial Agents.
Current edition approved Nov.Oct. 1, 2005.2010. Published December 2005.October 2010. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20012005 as
E1259 – 015. DOI: 10.1520/E1259-105.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1259 – 10
D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
E1326 Guide for Evaluating Nonconventional Microbiological Tests Used for Enumerating Bacteria
2.2 NACE Standard:
3
TM0172 Determining Corrosive Properties of Cargoes in Petroleum Product Pipelines
2.3 Federal Standards:
4
40 CFR, Part 79,40 CFR Part 79 Fuels and Fuel Additives Registration Regulations
4
40 CFR, Part 152,40 CFR Part 152 Pesticide Registration and Classification Procedures
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 antimicrobial, n—see biocide.
3.1.2 biocide, n—a physical or chemical agent that kills living organisms.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Biocides are further classified as bactericides (kill bacteria
...

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ASTM E1259-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Evaluation of Antimicrobials in Liquid Fuels Boiling Below 390 °C

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Guide D6469 details the types of problems associated with uncontrolled microbial growth in fuels and fuel systems. Treatment with effective antimicrobial agents is one element of contamination control strategy.  
5.2 The procedure should be used to evaluate the relative efficacy of microbicides in liquid fuels boiling below 390 °C. The effect of environmental conditions, such as a variety of fuel additives, metal surfaces, and climatology, are variables that can be included in specific tests using this protocol.  
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ASTM D4808-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Hydrogen Content of Light Distillates, Middle Distillates, Gas Oils, and Residua by Low-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.  
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7754-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Oxygenates in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The analysis of trace oxygenates in automotive spark-ignition engine fuel has become routine in certain areas to ensure compliance whenever oxygenated fuels are used. In addition, test methods to measure trace levels of oxygenates in automotive spark-ignition fuel are necessary to assess product quality.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace oxygenates in automotive spark-ignition engine fuel. The method used is a multidimensional gas chromatographic method using 1,2-dimethoxy ethane as the internal standard. The oxygenates that are analyzed are: methyl-tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl-tertiary butyl ether (ETBE), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), methanol, tertiary-amyl methyl ether (TAME), n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, tert-butyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, and tert-pentanol. Ethanol is usually not measured as a trace oxygenate since ethanol can be used as the main oxygenate compound in finished automotive spark-ignition fuels such as reformulated automotive spark-ignition fuels. The concentration range of the oxygenates covered in the ILS study was from 10 mg/kg to 2000 mg/kg. In addition this method is also suitable for the measurement of the C5 isomeric alcohols (2-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol) present from the fermentation of ethanol.  
1.2 The ethanol blending concentration for which this test method applies ranges from 1 % to 15% by volume. Higher concentrations of ethanol coelute with methanol in the analytical column. Lower levels of ethanol, similar to the other oxygenate, can be calibrated and analyzed also. If higher ethanol concentrations are expected, the window cutting technique can be used to avoid ethanol from entering the analytical column and interfere with the determination of the other oxygenates of interest. Refer to Appendix X1 for details.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3.1 Alternative units, in common usage, are also provided to increase clarity and aid the users of this test method.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7484-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of a heavy-duty engine oil in controlling engine wear under operating conditions selected to accelerate soot production and valve-train wear in a turbocharged and aftercooled four-cycle diesel engine with sliding tappet followers equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.  
5.2 The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, shall be considered when extrapolating test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.  
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede 1.2 and 1.2.1.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.  
1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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