ASTM F2853-10e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Lead in Paint Layers and Similar Coatings or in Substrates and Homogenous Materials by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Using Multiple Monochromatic Excitation Beams
Standard Test Method for Determination of Lead in Paint Layers and Similar Coatings or in Substrates and Homogenous Materials by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Using Multiple Monochromatic Excitation Beams
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method may be used for quantitative determinations of Pb in painted and unpainted articles such as toys, children’s products, and other consumer products. Typical test time for quantification of Pb in homogenous samples is 1 to 3 min; and typical test time for quantification of Pb in paint is 4 to 8 min.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method uses energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry for detection and quantification of lead (Pb) in paint layers, similar coatings, or substrates and homogenous materials. The following material types were tested in the interlaboratory study for this standard test method: ABS plastic, polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, glass, zinc alloy, wood, and fabric.
1.2 This technique may also be commonly referred to as High Definition X-ray Fluorescence (HDXRF) or Multiple Monochromatic Beam EDXRF (MMB-EDXRF).
1.3 This test method is applicable for the products and materials described in 1.1 for a Pb mass fraction range of 14 to 1200 mg/kg for uncoated samples and 30 to 450 mg/kg for coated samples, as specified in Table 1 and determined by an interlaboratory study using representative samples
1.4 Ensure that the analysis area of the sample is visually uniform in appearance and at least as large as the X-ray excitation beam at the point of sample excitation.
1.5 For coating analysis, this test method is limited to paint and similar coatings. Metallic coatings are not covered by this test method.
1.6 X-ray Nomenclature—This standard names X-ray lines using the IUPAC convention with the Siegbahn convention in parentheses.
1.7 There are no known ISO equivalent methods to this standard.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F2853 − 10
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Lead in Paint Layers and Similar Coatings
or in Substrates and Homogenous Materials by Energy
Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Using Multiple
1
Monochromatic Excitation Beams
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2853; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Section 7.1.3 was changed editorially from “.≥ than 250 eV.” to correctly read “.equal to or better than 250
eV.” in July 2011.
1. Scope 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method uses energy dispersive X-ray fluores-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cence (EDXRF) spectrometry for detection and quantification
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of lead (Pb) in paint layers, similar coatings, or substrates and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
homogenous materials. The following material types were
testedintheinterlaboratorystudyforthisstandardtestmethod:
2. Referenced Documents
ABS plastic, polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, glass, zinc
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
alloy, wood, and fabric.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
1.2 This technique may also be commonly referred to as
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
High Definition X-ray Fluorescence (HDXRF) or Multiple
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Monochromatic Beam EDXRF (MMB-EDXRF).
Measurement System Performance
1.3 This test method is applicable for the products and
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
materials described in 1.1 for a Pb mass fraction range of 14 to
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
1200 mg/kg for uncoated samples and 30 to 450 mg/kg for
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
coated samples, as specified in Table 1 and determined by an
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
interlaboratory study using representative samples
F2576 Terminology Relating to Declarable Substances in
Materials
1.4 Ensure that the analysis area of the sample is visually
uniform in appearance and at least as large as the X-ray
3. Terminology
excitation beam at the point of sample excitation.
3.1 Definitions—DefinitionsoftermsapplyingtoXRF,plas-
1.5 For coating analysis, this test method is limited to paint
tics and declarable substances appear in Terminology D883,
and similar coatings. Metallic coatings are not covered by this
E135, and F2576.
test method.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.6 X-ray Nomenclature—This standard names X-ray lines
3.2.1 Compton scattering—the inelastic scattering of an
using the IUPAC convention with the Siegbahn convention in
X-ray photon through its interaction with the bound electrons
parentheses.
of an atom. This process is also referred to as incoherent
1.7 There are no known ISO equivalent methods to this
scattering.
standard.
3.2.2 fundamental parameters (FP) model—a model for
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
calibration of X-ray fluorescence response, including the cor-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
rection of matrix effects, based on the theory describing the
standard.
physical processes of the interactions of X-rays with matter.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F40 on
2
Declarable Substances in Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
F40.01 on Test Methods. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published July 2010. DOI:10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
F2853–10´01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F2853 − 10
TABLE 1 Mass Fraction Ranges for Various Sample Types
Sample Type Homogenous Material Lead (Pb) Mass
or Substrate Type Fraction
Range, mg/kg
Uncoated Non-PVC Plastic, 14–1200
Glass or Ceramic
Uncoated Metal 66–600
Uncoated PVC 376–1150
Paint Layer Plastic or Metal 30–450
Paint Layer Fabric 79–200
Paint Layer Wood 58
3.2.3 homogenous material—materials are considered ho- aperture.Dependingonthedataacquisitionmode(see13.1and
mogenous when the elemental composition as determined by 13.2),oneormoremonochromaticX-raybeamsarefocusedon
t
...
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