ASTM C1218/C1218M-17

Standard Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride in Mortar and Concrete

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Water-soluble chloride, if present in sufficient amount, is capable of initiating or accelerating the corrosion of some metallic materials embedded in or contacting cementitious mixtures such as mortar and concrete. Chloride content, along with other factors, can be indicators for the possibility of corrosion of embedded metallic materials. This test method is used to determine the water-soluble chloride content in cementitious mixtures, either in new construction or existing structures.
Note 1: Water-soluble chloride content can vary with time. For example, water-soluble chloride content could increase due to additional chloride ingress. Alternatively, water-soluble chloride content could decrease due to chloride-binding or leaching.  
3.1.1 Test conditions are capable of affecting water-soluble chloride determinations. Take caution when comparing results from this test method with those from other test methods.  
3.2 Sulfides are known to interfere with the determination of chloride content. Blast-furnace slag aggregates and cements contain sulfide sulfur in concentrations that are capable of such interference and produce erroneously high test results. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide, as discussed in Test Methods C114, is used to eliminate such interference.  
3.3 There are aggregates that contain chloride that is not available for corrosion. Such chloride will be detected by use of this test method.3
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for the sampling and analysis of hydraulic-cement mortar or concrete for chloride that is water soluble under the conditions of test.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as a standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2017
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.69 - Miscellaneous Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1218/C1218M − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Water-Soluble Chloride in Mortar and Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1218/C1218M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Concrete in Constructions
C1084 Test Method for Portland-Cement Content of Hard-
1.1 This test method provides procedures for the sampling
ened Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
and analysis of hydraulic-cement mortar or concrete for
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
chloride that is water soluble under the conditions of test.
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
Sieves
that provide explanatory information. These notes and foot-
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
notes shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units 3. Significance and Use
are to be regarded separately as a standard. Within the text, the
3.1 Water-solublechloride,ifpresentinsufficientamount,is
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
capable of initiating or accelerating the corrosion of some
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
metallic materials embedded in or contacting cementitious
shall be used independently of the other.
mixtures such as mortar and concrete. Chloride content, along
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the with other factors, can be indicators for the possibility of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
corrosion of embedded metallic materials. This test method is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- used to determine the water-soluble chloride content in cemen-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
titious mixtures, either in new construction or existing struc-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. tures.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
NOTE 1—Water-soluble chloride content can vary with time. For
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
example, water-soluble chloride content could increase due to additional
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
chloride ingress. Alternatively, water-soluble chloride content could de-
crease due to chloride-binding or leaching.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.1 Test conditions are capable of affecting water-soluble
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
chloride determinations. Take caution when comparing results
from this test method with those from other test methods.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Sulfidesareknowntointerferewiththedeterminationof
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
chloride content. Blast-furnace slag aggregates and cements
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
contain sulfide sulfur in concentrations that are capable of such
Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
interference and produce erroneously high test results. Treat-
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
ment with hydrogen peroxide, as discussed in Test Methods
Cement
C114, is used to eliminate such interference.
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
3.3 There are aggregates that contain chloride that is not
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
available for corrosion. Such chloride will be detected by use
C823 Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened
3
of this test method.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on 4. Apparatus
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1 Sampling Equipment:
C09.69 on Miscellaneous Tests.
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2017.PublishedJuly2017.Originallyapproved
in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1218/C1218M – 15. DOI:
10.1520/C1218_C1218M-17.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or For more information see “The Determination of the Chloride Content of
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Concrete,” by Brian B. Hope, John A. Page and John S. Poland, Cement and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Concrete Research, Volume 15, Number 5, Pergamon Press, New York, September
the ASTM website. 1985, pp. 863–870.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1218/C1218M − 15 C1218/C1218M − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Water-Soluble Chloride in Mortar and Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1218/C1218M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method provides procedures for the sampling and analysis of hydraulic-cement mortar or concrete for chloride that
is water soluble under the conditions of test.
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes
shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as a standard. Within the text, the
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall
be used independently of the other.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C823 Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened Concrete in Constructions
C1084 Test Method for Portland-Cement Content of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Water-soluble chloride, whenif present in sufficient amount, is capable of leading to initiation or acceleration of initiating
or accelerating the corrosion of metals, such as steel, some metallic materials embedded in or contacting a cement system
cementitious mixtures such as mortar, grout, or concrete. Thus, its determination shall be required to evaluate the potential of a
cement system for undergoing such reactions or to investigate cement systems where such reaction has already occurred. However,
it must be recognized that water-soluble chloride determined at some particular time in the life of a cement system is capable of
being substantially different than that at another time; for example, the service environment is capable of resulting in a higher
mortar and concrete. Chloride content, along with other factors, can be indicators for the possibility of corrosion of embedded
metallic materials. This test method is used to determine the water-soluble chloride content due to changes in solubility or a lower
one due to leaching.in cementitious mixtures, either in new construction or existing structures.
NOTE 1—Water-soluble chloride content can vary with time. For example, water-soluble chloride content could increase due to additional chloride
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.69 on
Miscellaneous Tests.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015May 1, 2017. Published August 2015July 2017. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20082015 as
C1218/C1218M – 99 (2008).C1218/C1218M – 15. DOI: 10.1520/C1218_C1218M-15.10.1520/C1218_C1218M-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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