ASTM D1318-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method)
Standard Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Excessive amounts of sodium can indicate the presence of materials that cause high wear of burner pumps and valves, and contribute to deposits of boiler heating surfaces.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium in residual fuel oil by means of a flame photometer. Its precision in low ranges limits its application to samples containing more than 15 mg/kg sodium. Other elements commonly found in residual fuel oil do not interfere.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 7.3, 7.5, 7.7, 9.2, 7.8, 7.9, and Note 3.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1318 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1318; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Measurement System Performance
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium in
3. Terminology
residual fuel oil by means of a flame photometer. Its precision
3.1 Definitions:
in low ranges limits its application to samples containing more
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
than 15 mg ⁄kg sodium. Other elements commonly found in
to Terminology D4175.
residual fuel oil do not interfere.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.1 A weighed sample is reduced to a carbonaceous ash
standard.
under controlled conditions. The residual carbon is removed by
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
heating in a muffle furnace at 550 °C. The ash is dissolved,
safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility
diluted to volume, and the sodium determined by means of a
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety,
flame photometer.
health, and environmental practices and determine the appli-
5. Significance and Use
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
hazard statements see 7.3, 7.5, 7.7, 9.2, 7.8, 7.9, and Note 3.
5.1 Excessive amounts of sodium can indicate the presence
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
of materials that cause high wear of burner pumps and valves,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and contribute to deposits of boiler heating surfaces.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
6. Apparatus
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
6.1 Flame Photometer, capable of isolating the sodium
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
doublet at 589 nm and stable enough to give repeatable
measurements that do not vary more than 5 % of their mean in
2. Referenced Documents
the 2 mg ⁄kg to 20 mg ⁄kg range of sodium.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.2 Platinum Dish, 100 mL capacity, approximately 35 mm
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
in depth.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
6.3 Electric Muffle Furnace, capable of operating over a
Petroleum Products
variable range from 200 °C to 600 °C and of maintaining a
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
temperature of 550 °C 6 50 °C.
Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
7. Reagents and Materials
Petroleum Products
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
3
where such specifications are available. Other grades can be
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
3
approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D1318 – 16. DOI: ACS Reagent Chemicals, Specifications and Procedures for Reagents and
10.1520/D1318-23. Standard-Grade Reference Materials, American Chemical Society, Washington,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by the American Chemical
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary, U.S. Pharma-
the ASTM website. copeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1318 − 16 D1318 − 23
Standard Test Method for
1
Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1318; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of sodium in residual fuel oil by means of a flame photometer. Its precision in low
ranges limits its application to samples containing more than 15 mg ⁄kg sodium. Other elements commonly found in residual fuel
oil do not interfere.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 6.37.3, 6.57.5, 6.77.7, 8.29.2, 6.87.8, 6.97.9,
and Note 3.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A weighed sample is reduced to a carbonaceous ash under controlled conditions. The residual carbon is removed by heating
in a muffle furnace at 550 °C. The ash is dissolved, diluted to volume, and the sodium determined by means of a flame photometer.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved July 1, 2016May 1, 2023. Published July 2016June 2023. Originally approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
D1318 – 00D1318 – 16. (2011). DOI: 10.1520/D1318-16.10.1520/D1318-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D1318 − 23
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Excessive amounts of sodium can indicate the presence of materials that cause high wear of burner pumps and valves, and
contribute to deposits of boiler heating surfaces.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Flame Photometer, capable of isolating the sodium doublet at 589 nm and stable enough to give repeatable measurements that
do not vary more than 5 % of their mean in the 2 mg ⁄kg to 20 mg ⁄kg range of sodium.
6.2 Platinum Dish, 100 mL capacity, approximately 35 mm in depth.
6.3 Electric Muffle Furnace, capable of operating over a variable range from 200 °C to 600 °C and of maintaining a temperature
of 550 °C 6 50 °C.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where
3
such specifications are available. Other grades can be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high
purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indica
...
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