ASTM F1316-18

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Transmissivity of Transparent Parts

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Significance—This test method provides a means to measure the transmissivity of parts in the field (already installed on aircraft) and of large, thick or curved parts physically difficult to measure using Test Method D1003.  
5.2 Use—This test method is acceptable for use on any transparent part. It is primarily intended for use on large, curved, or thick parts either pre- or post-installation (for example, windscreens on aircraft).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes an apparatus and procedure that is suitable for measuring the transmissivity of large, thick, or curved transparent parts including parts already installed. This test method is limited to transparencies that are relatively neutral with respect to wavelength (not highly colored).  
1.2 Since the transmissivity (transmission coefficient) is a ratio of two luminance values, it has no units. The units of luminance recorded in the intermediate steps of this test method are not critical; any recognized units of luminance (for example, foot-lamberts or candelas per square metre) are acceptable for use, as long as use is consistent.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2018
• ICS: 17.180.01 - Optics and optical measurements in general
• Technical Committee: F07 - Aerospace and Aircraft
• Drafting Committee: F07.08 - Transparent Enclosures and Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1316 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring the Transmissivity of Transparent Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1316; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Test Method D1003 has received wide acceptance as a test method to measure luminous
transmissivity in transparent materials. However, because Test Method D1003 requires critical
alignment of equipment on both sides of the transparency, it is not suited to measuring the
transmissivity of large, curved parts or parts that are installed. In addition, Test Method D1003
measures the luminous transmissivity of the material in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the
material. For the majority of aircraft windscreens, the pilot is not viewing through the transparency
perpendicular to the surface. Since the transmissivity varies as a function of viewing angle the values
of transmissivity measured perpendicular to the surface do not indicate what the pilot will see when
viewing through the windscreen.
For the above reasons this test method has been developed to allow the measurement of
transmissivity of a transparent part at any angle. Since the relative alignment of the equipment items
on either side of the transparency is not critical, this test method can also be used on large, thick, or
curved parts and parts that are already installed.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This test method describes an apparatus and procedure
that is suitable for measuring the transmissivity of large, thick,
2. Referenced Documents
or curved transparent parts including parts already installed.
2
This test method is limited to transparencies that are relatively 2.1 ASTM Standards:
neutral with respect to wavelength (not highly colored). D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance
of Transparent Plastics
1.2 Since the transmissivity (transmission coefficient) is a
ratio of two luminance values, it has no units. The units of
3. Terminology
luminance recorded in the intermediate steps of this test
method are not critical; any recognized units of luminance (for 3.1 Definitions:
example, foot-lamberts or candelas per square metre) are 3.1.1 black reference—a light-absorbing, black material,
acceptable for use, as long as use is consistent. such as black velvet flocking.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.2 photometer—a device that measures luminance as
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the defined by the spectral sensitivity of the photopic curve.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.3 Photopic curve—the photopic curve is the spectral
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
sensitivity of the eye for daytime conditions as Committee
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Internationale d’Elairage (CIE) 1931 standard observer.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.4 regulated light source—a light source with electronic
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
feedback to ensure that its illuminance remains constant over
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
time.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.5 transmission coeffıcient—same as transmissivity.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on
Aerospace and Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on
2
Transparent Enclosures and Materials. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F1316 - 90(2013). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F1316-18. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F1316 − 18
3.1.6 transmissivity—the transmissivity of a transparent me- reflecting surface illuminated by sunlight instead of a powered
dium is the ratio of the luminance of an object measured light source. Care must be taken that the luminance of the
through the medium to the luminance of the object measured reflective surface does not change during the reading.
directly.
6.4 Black Reference—Use a sh
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1316 − 90 (Reapproved 2013) F1316 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring the Transmissivity of Transparent Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1316; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Test Method D1003 has received wide acceptance as a test method to measure luminous
transmissivity in transparent materials. However, because Test Method D1003 requires critical
alignment of equipment on both sides of the transparency, it is not suited to measuring the
transmissivity of large, curved parts or parts that are installed. In addition, Test Method D1003
measures the luminous transmissivity of the material in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the
material. For the majority of aircraft windscreens, the pilot is not viewing through the transparency
perpendicular to the surface. Since the transmissivity varies as a function of viewing angle the values
of transmissivity measured perpendicular to the surface do not indicate what the pilot will see when
viewing through the windscreen.
For the above reasons this test method has been developed to allow the measurement of
transmissivity of a transparent part at any angle. Since the relative alignment of the equipment items
on either side of the transparency is not critical, this test method can also be used on large, thick, or
curved parts and parts that are already installed.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes an apparatus and procedure that is suitable for measuring the transmissivity of large, thick, or
curved transparent parts including parts already installed. This test method is limited to transparencies that are relatively neutral
with respect to wavelength (not highly colored).
1.2 Since the transmissivity (transmission coefficient) is a ratio of two luminance values, it has no units. The units of luminance
recorded in the intermediate steps of this test method are not critical; any recognized units of luminance (for example, foot-lamberts
or candelas per square metre) may be used, are acceptable for use, as long as use is consistent.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 black reference—a light-absorbing, black material, such as black velvet flocking.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on Aerospace and Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on Transparent
Enclosures and Materials.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013June 1, 2018. Published December 2013June 2018. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
F1316 - 90(2008).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/F1316-90R13.10.1520/F1316-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1316 − 18
3.1.2 photometer—a device that measures luminance as defined by the spectral sensitivity of the photopic curve.
3.1.3 Photopic curve—the photopic curve is the spectral sensitivity of the eye for daytime conditions as Committee
Internationale d’Elairage (CIE) 1931 standard observer.
3.1.4 regulated light source—a light source with electronic feedback to ensure that its illuminance remains constant over time.
3.1.5 transmission coeffıcient—same as transmissivity.
3.1.6 transmissiv
...