ASTM D4632-91(2003)

Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is an index test which provides a procedure for determining the breaking load (grab strength) and elongation (grab elongation) of geotextiles using the grab method. This test method is not suitable for knitted fabrics and alternate test methods should be used. While useful for quality control and acceptance testing for a specific fabric structure, the results can only be used comparatively between fabrics with very similar structures, because each different fabric structure performs in a unique and characteristic manner in this test. The grab test methods does not provide all the information needed for all design applications and other test methods should be used.  
1.2 Procedures for measuring the breaking load and elongation by the grab method in both the dry and wet state are included; however, testing is normally done in the dry condition unless specified otherwise in an agreement or specification.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are provided for information only.  
1.4  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 21-Feb-1991
• ICS: 59.080.70 - Geotextiles
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.01 - Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4632-91(1996) - Standard Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles
• Effective Date: 22-Feb-1991
• Referred By: ASTM F2970-22 - Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture, Installation, Operation, Maintenance, Inspection and Major Modification of Trampoline Courts
• Effective Date: 22-Feb-1991
• Referred By: ASTM D6389-17 - Standard Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geotextiles to Liquids
• Effective Date: 22-Feb-1991
• Referred By: ASTM D8102-17 - Standard Practice for Manufacturing Quality Control of Geotextiles
• Effective Date: 22-Feb-1991

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D4632–91(Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method for
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Grab Breaking Load and Elongation of Geotextiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4632; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens
2
for Textiles
1.1 This test method is an index test which provides a
3
D 4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
procedure for determining the breaking load (grab strength)
3
D 4439 Terminology for Geotextiles
and elongation (grab elongation) of geotextiles using the grab
method. This test method is not suitable for knitted fabrics and
3. Terminology
alternate test methods should be used. While useful for quality
3.1 Definitions:
control and acceptance testing for a specific fabric structure,
3.1.1 atmosphere for testing geotextiles, n— air maintained
the results can only be used comparatively between fabrics
at a relative humidity of 65 6 5 % relative humidity and
with very similar structures, because each different fabric
temperature of 21 6 2°C (70 6 4°F).
structure performs in a unique and characteristic manner in this
3.1.2 breaking load, n—the maximum force applied to a
test.The grab test methods does not provide all the information
specimen in a tensile test carried to rupture.
needed for all design applications and other test methods
3.1.3 cross-machine direction, n—the direction in the plane
should be used.
of the fabric perpendicular to the direction of manufacture.
1.2 Procedures for measuring the breaking load and elon-
3.1.4 elongation at break, n—the elongation corresponding
gation by the grab method in both the dry and wet state are
to the breaking load, that is, the maximum load.
included; however, testing is normally done in the dry condi-
3.1.5 geotextile, n—any permeable textile material used
tion unless specified otherwise in an agreement or specifica-
with foundation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical
tion.
material, as an integral part of a man-made product, structure,
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
or system.
standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are provided
3.1.6 grab test, n—in fabric testing, a tension test in which
for information only.
only a part of the width of the specimen is gripped in the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
clamps.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.6.1 Discussion—For example, if the specimen width is
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
101.6 mm (4 in.) and the width of the jaw faces 25.4 mm (1
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
in.), the specimen is gripped centrally in the clamps.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.7 machine direction, n—the direction in the plane of the
2. Referenced Documents fabric parallel to the direction of manufacture.
3.1.8 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
refer to Terminology D 123 or Terminology D 4439.
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Tex-
2
tiles
4. Summary of Test Method
2
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
2 4.1 A continually increasing load is applied longitudinally
D 461 Methods of Testing Felt
to the specimen and the test is carried to rupture.Values for the
D 1682 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Elongation of
2 breaking load and elongation of the test specimen are obtained
Textile Fabrics
2
from machine scales or dials, autographic recording charts, or
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
interfaced computers.
5. Significance and Use
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
5.1 The grab method is applicable whenever it is desired to
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechani-
determine the “effective strength” of the fabric in use, that is,
cal Properties.
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published May 1991. Originally
published as D 4632–86. Last previous edition D 4632–86(1990).
2 3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.13.
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D4632–91 (2003)
the strength of the material in a specific width, together with 7. Sampling and Selection
the additional strength contributed by adjacent material. There
7.1 Division in
...