ASTM E2120-10

Standard Practice for Performance Evaluation of the Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer for the Measurement of Lead in Paint Films

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The XRF instrument is used to measure the lead content in paint films in buildings and related structures in order to determine the potential lead hazard and the possible need for in-place control or abatement, or both.
This practice also is to be used for the laboratory evaluation of the performance of portable X-ray fluorescence instrumentation.
This practice is to be used as a guide for determining that the manufacturer of portable X-ray instrumentation has met certain requirements, most of which deal with instrument construction.
The evaluation may be performed by the manufacturer, or an independent party. The results may be presented to various government agencies and, upon request, potential purchasers and users of the instrumentation. All or parts of this practice also may be performed by an X-ray instrument owner/user to determine the acceptability of an instrument or whether the performance of an instrument continues to be acceptable, or both.
This practice may be used by field testers for quality control by performing selected activities described in the document on a regular and recurring basis in a manner similar to those protocols followed by users of laboratory instruments.
Limitation—Bias and precision, as determined in the laboratory by this practice, together provide only an estimate of the accuracy that may be achieved in the field. Accuracy in the field will depend upon the instrument calibration, the form and composition of the substrate, the structure of the paint film being analyzed, as well as other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) instruments intended for the measurement of lead in paint. It is intended that manufacturers apply this practice to one unit of a particular model of an instrument when that model is initially available. Replicate tests on additional units of the same model of an instrument are to be performed at the discretion of the manufacturer. This practice also is intended for use by third parties performing independent evaluation of portable X-ray fluorescence instruments.
1.2 All performance evaluation data are to be in SI units.
1.3 Tests of performance are based on replicate measurements of certified reference paint films on a variety of substrate materials. Tests are performed to determine: bias, precision, linearity, limit of detection, interferences, substrate affects, and stability.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2010
• Technical Committee: E06 - Performance of Buildings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E2120-00 - Standard Practice for the Performance Evaluation of the Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer for the Measurement of Lead in Paint Films (Withdrawn 2009)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM E2120-10(2016) - Standard Practice for Performance Evaluation of the Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer for the Measurement of Lead in Paint Films
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2120 − 10
StandardPractice for
Performance Evaluation of the Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
1
Spectrometer for the Measurement of Lead in Paint Films
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2120; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope 2.2 ANSI Standards:
ANSIN538–1979Classification of Industrial Ionizing Ra-
1.1 This practice covers portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
diation Gauging Devices
instrumentsintendedforthemeasurementofleadinpaint.Itis
ANSIN323–1978RadiationProtectionInstrumentationTest
intended that manufacturers apply this practice to one unit of a
and Calibration
particular model of an instrument when that model is initially
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2.3 ISO Standards:
available.Replicatetestsonadditionalunitsofthesamemodel
ISO 2919 Radiation Protection – Sealed Radioactive
of an instrument are to be performed at the discretion of the
Sources – General Requirements and Classification
manufacturer. This practice also is intended for use by third
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2.4 UL Standards:
parties performing independent evaluation of portable X-ray
UL544Safety for Medical andDental Equipment
fluorescence instruments.
UL3101–1Chemical Analyzers
1.2 All performance evaluation data are to be in SI units.
3. Terminology
1.3 Tests of performance are based on replicate measure-
mentsofcertifiedreferencepaintfilmsonavarietyofsubstrate 3.1 Definitions:
materials. Tests are performed to determine: bias, precision, 3.1.1 accuracy, n—the theoretical maximum error of a
linearity,limitofdetection,interferences,substrateaffects,and measurement, expressed as the proportion of the amount being
stability. measured without regard for the direction of the error, that is
achieved with a given probability (typically 0.95) by the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
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method.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 bias, n—the discrepancy between the mean of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
distribution of measurements from a method and the true
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
concentration being measured.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.3 limit of detection, n—the smallest (true) signal that
2. Referenced Documents
willbedetectedwithaprobability1–β(βistheprobabilityof
an error of the second kind, failing to decide that a substance
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
is present when it is), where the a posteriori decision mecha-
D3332Test Methods for Mechanical-Shock Fragility of
nismhasabuilt-inprotectionlevel,α(αistheprobabilityofan
Products, Using Shock Machines
error of the first kind, deciding that the substance is present
E344Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
when it is not), against falsely concluding that a blank
etry
observation represents a “real” signal. The β and α terms
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
typicallyare5%or1%,dependingontherequirementsofthe
E1605Terminology Relating to Lead in Buildings
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testing program.
1 3
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor- Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
manceofBuildingsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE06.23onLead 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Hazards Associated with Buildings. Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd.,
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http://www.ul.com.
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approved in 1999 as PS116–99. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as Kennedy, E.R., T.J. Fischbach, R. Song, P.M. Miller, and S.A. Shulman,
E2120–00 which was withdrawn January 2009 and reinstated in October 2010. Guidelines for Air Sampling and Analytical Method Development and Evaluation,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or DHHS(NIOSH)PublicationNo.95–117.NationalInstituteforOccupationalSafety
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, May 1995.
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Currie, L.A., “Limits for Qualitative Detection and Quantitative
the ASTM website. Determination,” Analytical Chemistry, Vol 40, No. 3, 1968, pp. 586–593.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E2120 − 10
3.1.4 precision, n—the closeness of agreement between
(Film 1) <0.2x
(Film 2) 0.2x to 0.5x
repetit
...