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ASTM D6749-02(2012)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure Method)

Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The pour point of a petroleum product is an index of the lowest temperature of its utility for certain applications. Flow characteristics, like pour point, can be critical for the correct operation of lubricating systems, fuel systems, and pipeline operations.  
5.2 Petroleum blending operations require precise measurement of the pour point.  
5.3 Test results from this test method can be determined at either 1 or 3°C intervals.  
5.4 This test method yields a pour point in a format similar to Test Method D97/IP 15 when the 3°C interval results are reported. However, when specification requires Test Method D97/IP 15, do not substitute this test method.Note 2—Since some users may wish to report their results in a format similar to Test Method D97/IP 15 (in 3°C intervals), the precision data were derived for the 3°C intervals. For statements on bias relative to Test Method D97/IP 15, see 13.3.1.  
5.5 This test method has better repeatability and reproducibility relative to Test Method D97/IP 15 as measured in the 1998 interlaboratory test program (see Section 13).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of pour point of petroleum products by an automatic apparatus that applies a slightly positive air pressure onto the specimen surface while the specimen is being cooled.  
1.2 This test method is designed to cover the range of temperatures from −57 to +51°C; however, the range of temperatures included in the (1998) interlaboratory test program only covered the temperature range from −51 to −11°C.  
1.3 Test results from this test method can be determined at either 1 or 3°C testing intervals.  
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oils.Note 1—The applicability of this test method on residual fuel samples has not been verified. For further information on the applicability, refer to 13.4.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2012
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.07 - Flow Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Replaced By
ASTM D6749-02(2018) - Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure Method)
Effective Date
01-May-2018

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ASTM D6749-02(2012) - Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure Method)ASTM D6749-02(2012) - Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure Method)
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ASTM D6749-02(2012) - Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure Method)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6749 − 02 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Method for
Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Automatic Air Pressure
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6749; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method covers an alternative procedure for the determination of pour point of petroleum
products using an automatic apparatus.
1. Scope D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the determination of pour point
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
of petroleum products by an automatic apparatus that applies a
Petroleum Products
slightly positive air pressure onto the specimen surface while
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
the specimen is being cooled.
3
IP 15Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
1.2 This test method is designed to cover the range of
temperatures from −57 to +51°C; however, the range of
3. Terminology
temperatures included in the (1998) interlaboratory test pro-
3.1 Definitions:
gram only covered the temperature range from −51 to −11°C.
3.1.1 pour point, n—in petroleum products,lowesttempera-
1.3 Test results from this test method can be determined at
tureatwhichmovementofthetestspecimenisobservedunder
either 1 or 3°C testing intervals.
prescribed conditions of test.
1.4 This test method is not intended for use with crude oils.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 1—The applicability of this test method on residual fuel samples
3.2.1 air pressure, n—regulated slightly positive air pres-
has not been verified. For further information on the applicability, refer to
sure gently applied onto the specimen surface in the airtight
13.4.
test jar that causes upward movement of the specimen in the
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
communicating tube, which has one end inserted into the test
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
specimen and the other end at atmospheric pressure.
standard.
3.2.2 no-flow point, n—in petroleum products, temperature
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ofthetestspecimenatwhichawaxcrystalstructureofthetest
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specimen or viscosity increase, or both, impedes movement of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thesurfaceofthetestspecimenundertheconditionsofthetest.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.2.1 Discussion—The no-flow point occurs when, upon
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cooling, the formation of wax crystal structures or viscosity
increase,orboth,hasprogressedtothepointwheretheapplied
2. Referenced Documents
observation device no longer detects movement under the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
conditions of the test. The preceding observation temperature,
D97Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
at which flow of the test specimen is last observed, is the pour
point.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
4. Summary of Test Method
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally 4.1 After inserting the test jar containing the specimen into
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6749–02 (2007).
the automatic pour point apparatus and initiating the test
DOI: 10.1520/D6749-02R12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6749 − 02 (2012)
program, the specimen is automatically heated to the desig- ing and reporting the pour point (see Fig. 1). The detail is
nated temperature and then cooled at a controlled rate. At described in Annex A1.
temperature intervals of 1 or 3°C, depending on the selection
6.2 Test Jar, clear cylindrical glass with a flat bottom with
made by the user prior to the test, a slightly positive air
an approximate capacity of 12 mL. Approximately 4.5 mL of
pressure is gently applied onto the surface of the specimen
sample specimen is contained wh
...

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Note 2: Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method have traditionally been marked in inches, (the tube is required to be etched with 1/8 in. divisions.) The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch, 1/2 in., 1/4 in., and 1/8 in. changes in the depth of oil. These fractional inch changes do not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the preponderance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches, the inch/pound unit is regarded as the standard. However the test method does use SI units of length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tube and Saybolt Color Numbers. The test method uses SI units for temperature.  
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5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.  
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5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.  
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5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 7.3.  
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Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

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5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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