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ASTM E2103/E2103M-13

(Classification)

Standard Classification for Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II

Standard Classification for Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This standard builds on the concepts and organizational framework first established in Classification E1557. This classification describes bridge elements that are major components of most highway, railroad, and pedestrian bridges. The elemental classification is the common thread linking activities and participants in a bridge project from initial planning through operations, maintenance, and disposal.Note 1—As this classification refers solely to permanent, physical parts of any construction, two additional classifications, Classifications E2083 and E2168, need to be included when calculating construction cost. These standards provide for the inclusion of construction enabling, temporary, and risk mitigation cost figures. Procedures for reporting all these figures are described in Practices E1804 and E2514 and Classification E2516. While these three latter standards were primarily written for building construction, they are nonetheless appropriate and readily applied to other forms of construction as well.  
4.2 The Users of Bridge UNIFORMAT II Include:  
4.2.1 Financial and Investment—Typically owners, developers, bankers, lenders, accountants, and financial managers.  
4.2.2 Implementation—Primarily project managers; facilities programmers; designers, including engineers; and project controls specialists, including cost planners, estimators, schedulers, specification writers, and risk analysts.  
4.2.3 Facilities Management—Comprising property portfolio managers, operating staff, and maintenance staff.  
4.2.4 Others—Public officials, manufacturers, educators, students, and other project stakeholders.  
4.3 Apply This Classification When Undertaking the Following Work on Bridges:5  
4.3.1 Financing and Investing:
4.3.1.1 Structuring costs on an elemental basis for economic evaluations (Guide E1185 and Practices E917, E964, E1057, E1074, E1121, and E1804) early in the design process helps reduce the cost of early financial analysis and can contribut...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard establishes a classification of bridge elements within the UNIFORMAT II family of elemental classifications. It covers most highway bridges, railroad bridges, and pedestrian bridges.  
1.2 UNIFORMAT II classifications have an elemental format similar to the original UNIFORMAT2 building elemental classification. However, the title UNIFORMAT II differs from the original in that it now takes into consideration a wide range of constructed entities that collectively form the built environment.  
1.3 Elements, as defined here and in other UNIFORMAT II Classifications, are major physical components that are common within constructed entities. Elements perform their given function(s), regardless of the design specification, construction method, or materials used.  
1.4 This elemental classification serves as a consistent reference for analysis, evaluation, and monitoring during the feasibility, planning, and design stages when constructing bridges.  
1.5 Using UNIFORMAT II elemental classifications ensures a consistency in the economic evaluation of construction projects over time and from project to project.  
1.6 UNIFORMAT II classifications also enhance reporting at all stages of a constructed entity’s life cycle—from feasibility and planning through the preparation of working documents, construction, maintenance, rehabilitation, and disposal.  
1.7 This classification is unsuitable for process applications or for preparing trade estimates.  
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user o...

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2013
ICS
93.040 - Bridge construction
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.81 - Building Economics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2103-11 - Standard Classification for Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Replaced By
ASTM E2103/E2103M-19 - Standard Classification for Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II
Effective Date
01-Jul-2019
Referred By
ASTM E2013-20 - Standard Practice for Developing Functions, Constructing FAST Diagrams, and Performing Function Analysis During Value Engineering (VE)/Value Analysis (VA) Study
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Referred By
ASTM E1946-18(2023) - Standard Practice for Measuring Cost Risk of Buildings and Building Systems and Other Constructed Projects
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Referred By
ASTM E3008/E3008M-16(2023) - Standard Classification for Transportation Surface Elements—UNIFORMAT II
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Referred By
ASTM E2506-15(2020)e1 - Standard Guide for Developing a Cost-Effective Risk Mitigation Plan for New and Existing Constructed Facilities
Effective Date
01-May-2013
Referred By
ASTM E1699-14(2020) - Standard Practice for Performing Value Engineering (VE)/Value Analysis (VA) of Projects, Products and Processes
Effective Date
01-May-2013

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2103/E2103M −13
Standard Classification for
1
Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2103/E2103M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
1.1 This standard establishes a classification of bridge
with the standard.
elements within the UNIFORMAT II family of elemental
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
classifications. It covers most highway bridges, railroad
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
bridges, and pedestrian bridges.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 UNIFORMAT II classifications have an elemental for-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2
mat similar to the original UNIFORMAT building elemental
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
classification. However, the title UNIFORMAT II differs from
the original in that it now takes into consideration a wide range
2. Referenced Documents
of constructed entities that collectively form the built environ-
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ment.
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
1.3 Elements, as defined here and in other UNIFORMAT II
E833 Terminology of Building Economics
Classifications, are major physical components that are com-
E917 Practice for Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of Buildings
mon within constructed entities. Elements perform their given
and Building Systems
function(s), regardless of the design specification, construction
E964 Practice for Measuring Benefit-to-Cost and Savings-
method, or materials used.
to-Investment Ratios for Buildings and Building Systems
1.4 This elemental classification serves as a consistent E1057 Practice for Measuring Internal Rate of Return and
reference for analysis, evaluation, and monitoring during the Adjusted Internal Rate of Return for Investments in
Buildings and Building Systems
feasibility, planning, and design stages when constructing
bridges. E1074 Practice for Measuring Net Benefits and Net Savings
for Investments in Buildings and Building Systems
1.5 UsingUNIFORMATIIelementalclassificationsensures
E1121 Practice for Measuring Payback for Investments in
a consistency in the economic evaluation of construction
Buildings and Building Systems
projects over time and from project to project.
E1185 Guide for Selecting Economic Methods for Evaluat-
1.6 UNIFORMAT II classifications also enhance reporting
ing Investments in Buildings and Building Systems
at all stages of a constructed entity’s life cycle—from feasibil-
E1369 Guide for Selecting Techniques for Treating Uncer-
ity and planning through the preparation of working
tainty and Risk in the Economic Evaluation of Buildings
documents, construction, maintenance, rehabilitation, and dis-
and Building Systems
posal.
E1699 Practice for Performing Value Engineering (VE)/
1.7 This classification is unsuitable for process applications Value Analysis (VA) of Projects, Products and Processes
E1804 Practice for Performing and Reporting CostAnalysis
or for preparing trade estimates.
During the Design Phase of a Project
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
E1946 Practice for Measuring Cost Risk of Buildings and
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Building Systems and Other Constructed Projects
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
E2013 Practice for Constructing FAST Diagrams and Per-
forming Function Analysis During Value Analysis Study
E2506 Guide for Developing a Cost-Effective Risk Mitiga-
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
tion Plan for New and Existing Constructed Facilities
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.81
on Building Economics.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originally
3
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E2103 – 11. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/E2103_E2103M-13. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
The original UNIFORMAT classification was developed jointly by the General Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Services Administration (GSA) and the American Institute of Architects (AIA). the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2103 − 11 E2103/E2103M − 13
Standard Classification for
1
Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2103;E2103/E2103M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard establishes a classification of bridge elements within the UNIFORMAT II family of elemental classifications.
It covers most highway bridges, railroad bridges, and pedestrian bridges.
2
1.2 UNIFORMAT II classifications have an elemental format similar to the original UNIFORMAT building elemental
classification. However, the title UNIFORMAT II differs from the original in that it now takes into consideration a wide range of
constructed entities that collectively form the built environment.
1.3 Elements, as defined here, here and in other UNIFORMAT II Classifications, are major physical components that are
common within constructed entities. Elements perform their given function(s), regardless of the design specification, construction
method, or materials used.
1.4 This elemental classification serves as a consistent reference for analysis, evaluation, and monitoring during the feasibility,
planning, and design stages when constructing bridges.
1.5 Using UNIFORMAT II elemental classifications ensures a consistency in the economic evaluation of construction projects
over time and from project to project.
1.6 UNIFORMAT II classifications also enhance reporting at all stages of a constructed entity’s life cycle—from feasibility and
planning through the preparation of working documents, construction, maintenance, rehabilitation, and disposal.
1.7 This classification is unsuitable for process applications or for preparing trade estimates.
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E833 Terminology of Building Economics
E917 Practice for Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of Buildings and Building Systems
E964 Practice for Measuring Benefit-to-Cost and Savings-to-Investment Ratios for Buildings and Building Systems
E1057 Practice for Measuring Internal Rate of Return and Adjusted Internal Rate of Return for Investments in Buildings and
Building Systems
E1074 Practice for Measuring Net Benefits and Net Savings for Investments in Buildings and Building Systems
E1121 Practice for Measuring Payback for Investments in Buildings and Building Systems
E1185 Guide for Selecting Economic Methods for Evaluating Investments in Buildings and Building Systems
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.81 on Building
Economics.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011May 1, 2013. Published December 2011May 2013. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
E2103 – 06.E2103 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/E2103-11.10.1520/E2103_E2103M-13.
2
The original UNIFORMAT classification was developed jointly by the General Services Administration (GSA) and the American Institute of Architects (AIA).
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2103/E2103M − 13
E1369 Guide for Selecting Techniques for Treating Uncertainty and Risk in the Economic Evaluation of Buildings and Buildin
...

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ASTM E2103/E2103M-19(Classification)
Standard Classification for Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification builds on the concepts and organizational framework first established in Classification E1557. This classification describes bridge elements that are major components of most highway, railroad, and pedestrian bridges. The elemental classification is the common thread linking activities and participants in a bridge project from initial planning through operations, maintenance, and disposal.
Note 1: As this classification refers solely to permanent, physical parts of any construction, two additional classifications, Classifications E2083 and E2168, need to be included when calculating construction cost. These standards provide for the inclusion of construction enabling, temporary, and risk mitigation cost figures. Procedures for reporting all these figures are described in Practices E1804 and E2514 and Classification E2516. While these three latter standards were primarily written for building construction, they are nonetheless appropriate and readily applied to other forms of construction as well.  
4.2 The Users of Bridge UNIFORMAT II Include:  
4.2.1 Financial and Investment—Typically owners, developers, bankers, lenders, accountants, and financial managers.  
4.2.2 Implementation—Primarily project managers; facilities programmers; designers, including engineers; and project controls specialists, including cost planners, estimators, schedulers, specification writers, and risk analysts.  
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4.3 Apply This Classification When Undertaking the Following Work on Bridges:5  
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4.3.1.1 Structuring costs on an elemental basis for economic evaluations (Guide E1185 and Practices E917, E964, E1057, E1074, E1121, and E1804) early in the design process helps reduce the cost of early financial analysis and ca...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard establishes a classification of bridge elements within the UNIFORMAT II family of elemental classifications. It covers most highway bridges, railroad bridges, and pedestrian bridges.  
1.2 UNIFORMAT II classifications have an elemental format similar to the original UNIFORMAT2 building elemental classification. However, the title UNIFORMAT II differs from the original in that it now takes into consideration a wide range of constructed entities that collectively form the built environment.  
1.3 Elements, as defined here and in other UNIFORMAT II Classifications, are major physical components that are common within constructed entities. Elements perform their given function(s), regardless of the design specification, construction method, or materials used.  
1.4 This elemental classification serves as a consistent reference for analysis, evaluation, and monitoring during the feasibility, planning, and design stages when constructing bridges.  
1.5 Using UNIFORMAT II elemental classifications ensures a consistency in the economic evaluation of construction projects over time and from project to project.  
1.6 UNIFORMAT II classifications also enhance reporting at all stages of a constructed entity’s life cycle—from feasibility and planning through the preparation of working documents, construction, maintenance, rehabilitation, and disposal.  
1.7 This classification is unsuitable for process applications or for preparing trade estimates.  
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ASTM D4014-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Plain and Steel-Laminated Elastomeric Bearings for Bridges

ABSTRACT
This specification covers bearings, which consist of all elastomer or of alternate laminates of elastomer and steel, when the function of the bearings is to transfer loads or accommodate relative movement between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both. The bearings are furnished in four types as follows: plain elastomeric bearing pad; plain elastomeric sandwich bearing; steel-laminated elastomeric bearing; and steel-laminated elastomeric bearing with external load plate. The elastomer for the manufacture of the bearing is furnished in two types: Type CR and Type NR. The elastomer for the manufacture of the bearing is furnished in four grades of low-temperature properties: Grade 0; Grade 2; Grade 3; and Grade 5. The elastomeric compound used in the construction of a bearing shall contain only either natural rubber or chloroprene rubber as the raw polymer. Internal steel laminates shall be of rolled mild steel. Plain bearing pads shall be molded individually, or cut from previously molded strips or slabs, or extruded and cut to length. A steel-laminated bearing or a plain sandwich bearing shall be molded as a single unit under pressure and heat. All bonding of elastomer to steel laminates and to external load plates shall be carried out during molding. Bearing compression tests, compression stiffness, visual inspection, quality control properties, shear modulus, ozone resistance, and low-temperature grade tests shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers bearings which consist of all elastomer or of alternate laminates of elastomer and steel, when the function of the bearings is to transfer loads or accommodate relative movement between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
Note 1: The words “elastomer” or “elastomeric” will be used interchangeably with the word “rubber” in this specification.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D8507-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for High Load Multi-Rotational Disc Bearings for Bridges and Structures

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers bridge bearings that consist of an unconfined polyether urethane rotational element subjected to compression loads, along with a resisting mechanism to transmit shear and/or tension loads through the bearing. For expansion and/or contraction applications, an additional stainless steel flat surface slides against a carbon steel plate faced with sheet polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The function of the bearing is to transfer loads and to accommodate any relative movement, including rotation between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both.  
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ASTM D5977-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for High Load Rotational Spherical Bearings for Bridges and Structures

ABSTRACT
This specification covers bridge bearings that consist of a spherical rotational element, where a stainless steel convex surface slides against a concave carbon steel plate covered with woven or sheet polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The function of the bearing is to transfer loads and to accommodate any relative movement, including rotation between a bridge superstructure and its supporting structure, or both. The requirements of spherical bearings with a standard horizontal load (a maximum of 10 % of vertical) are discussed. The bearings are furnished in three types: fixed spherical bearing which is for rotation only, unidirectional sliding spherical bearing which is for rotation plus movement in one direction, and multi-directional sliding spherical bearing which is for rotation plus movement in all directions. The materials to be used in producing the bearings include: steel, stainless steel (flat sliding surface and convex surface), woven fabric polytetrafluoroethylene, and sheet polytetrafluoroethylene. The following different test methods shall be performed: proof load and rotation tests for fixed and expansion bearings, coefficient of friction test for expansion bearings only, PTFE (woven or sheet) bond test for expansion bearings only, and physical property test of both PTFEs for fixed and expansion bearings.
SCOPE
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ASTM D4580-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Measuring Delamination in Concrete Bridge Decks by Sounding

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This practice may be used in conjunction with other methods in determining the general condition of concrete bridge decks.  
2.2 This practice may be used in determining specific areas of delamination requiring repair.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for surveying concrete bridge decks by sounding to determine delamination in the concrete. It is not intended that the procedures described herein are to be used on bridge decks that have been overlaid with asphalt mixtures. The procedures may be used on bridge decks that have been overlaid with portland cement concrete mixtures; however, areas indicated to be delaminated may have a lack of bond between the overlay and the underlying bridge deck (Note 1).  
Note 1: The influence of variable field conditions such as traffic noise, vibration, moisture content of the concrete, and the like, are not completely known and additional investigation may be needed. It is generally agreed that the practice should not be used on frozen concrete.  
1.2 The following three procedures are covered in this practice:  
1.2.1 Procedure A, Electro-Mechanical Sounding Device—This procedure uses an electric-powered tapping device, sonic receiver, and recorder mounted on a cart. The cart is pushed across the bridge deck and the delamination is recorded on the recorder.  
1.2.2 Procedure B, Chain Drag—This procedure consists of dragging a chain over the bridge deck surface. The detection of delamination is accomplished by the operator noting dull or hollow sounds. Tapping the bridge deck surface with a steel rod or hammer may be substituted for the chain drag.  
1.2.3 Procedure C, Rotary Percussion2—This procedure consists of rolling a dual-wheel, multi-toothed apparatus attached to an extension pole over the bridge deck surface. The percussive force caused by the tapping wheels will create either a dull or hollow sound, indicating any delamination.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 Since a complete Precision and Bias statement for this standard has not been developed, the standard practice is to be used for research and informational purposes only. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D4071-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Use of Portland Cement Concrete Bridge Deck Water Barrier Membrane Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides a guide for factors to be considered prior to waterproofing bridge decks with water barrier membrane systems. It will provide guidance for specification of materials, application of membrane systems, and placement of asphalt wearing courses. It may be used as a guide for new construction or for rehabilitation of existing structures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers liquid applied, preformed, or built-up water barrier membrane systems and their application, overlaid with asphalt wearing courses, for use in the protection of bridge decks from deleterious effects of deicing salts. Material use and specifications should be adapted to conform to job and user requirements for new construction or existing structures. This practice is written as a guide for the use of bridge deck water barrier systems only.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.  
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ASTM D4788-03(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Detecting Delaminations in Bridge Decks Using Infrared Thermography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method may be used in conjunction with other test methods in determining the general condition of a bridge deck.  
4.2 Areas indicated as delaminated on overlaid bridge decks may be an indication of lack of bond between the overlay and the underlying bridge deck. This test method may be used in determining specific areas of delaminations requiring repair.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of delaminations in portland-cement concrete bridge decks using infrared thermography. This test method is intended for use on exposed and overlaid concrete bridge decks.  
1.2 A Precision and Bias statement has not been developed at this time. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.
Note 1: This test method can be used on asphalt or concrete overlays as thick as 4 in. (100 mm).  
1.3 This test method uses an imaging infrared scanner and video recorder, mounted on a vehicle, to detect delaminations and debonded areas on bridge decks and to record the information.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D6297-20(Specification)
Standard Specification for Asphaltic Plug Joints for Bridges

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standards the material, testing and application requirements for a field molded asphaltic plug joint (APJ) used in expansion joint sealing on asphalt concrete overlay and portland cement concrete decks. This specification is limited only to field molded APJ which can consist of multilayer, or single layer, or both, application systems. The asphaltic binder to be used shall be a thermoplastic polymeric-modified asphalt. The aggregates shall be crushed, washed, and dried. Physical properties of the asphalt such as softening point, tensile adhesion, ductility, resilience, and flexibility shall also be tested and shall conform to other ASTM documents prescribed herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the material, testing, and application requirements for a field-molded asphaltic plug joint (APJ) used in expansion joint sealing on asphalt concrete overlay and portland cement concrete decks. The scope of this specification is limited to field-molded APJ. This molded element can consist of multilayer or single layer, or both, application systems depending upon individual manufacturing requirements. The details of this specification are limited to the materials used in the application of APJ. It is recommended that a practical means of testing the watertightness aspects of the individual systems, either in the field or at the testing laboratory, be developed. When used on highway bridges, limits on maximum joint movements shall be specifically identified for each type of APJ. APJs should not be used for movement applications exceeding ±25 mm from the installation width.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3542-08(2019)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Preformed Polychloroprene Elastomeric Joint Seals for Bridges

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the material requirements for preformed polychloroprene elastomeric joint seals proposed for use in bridges. The multiple-web seals function by compression of the seal between the faces of the joint with the seal folding inward at the top. The seal is installed with a lubricant and is designed to seal the joint and reject incompressibles. The materials shall also conform to the physical properties prescribed herein such as tensile strength, elongation, hardness, ozone resistance, low-temperature recovery, high-temperature recovery, and compression-deflection properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the material requirements for preformed polychloroprene elastomeric joint seals for bridges. The seal consists of a multiple-web design composed of polychloroprene and functions only by compression of the seal between the faces of the joint with the seal folding inward at the top to facilitate compression. The seal is installed with a lubricant adhesive and is designed to seal the joint and reject incompressibles.  
Note 1: This specification may not be applicable for seals whose height is less than 90 % of its nominal width.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E2103/E2103M-19(Classification)
Standard Classification for Bridge Elements—UNIFORMAT II

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification builds on the concepts and organizational framework first established in Classification E1557. This classification describes bridge elements that are major components of most highway, railroad, and pedestrian bridges. The elemental classification is the common thread linking activities and participants in a bridge project from initial planning through operations, maintenance, and disposal.
Note 1: As this classification refers solely to permanent, physical parts of any construction, two additional classifications, Classifications E2083 and E2168, need to be included when calculating construction cost. These standards provide for the inclusion of construction enabling, temporary, and risk mitigation cost figures. Procedures for reporting all these figures are described in Practices E1804 and E2514 and Classification E2516. While these three latter standards were primarily written for building construction, they are nonetheless appropriate and readily applied to other forms of construction as well.  
4.2 The Users of Bridge UNIFORMAT II Include:  
4.2.1 Financial and Investment—Typically owners, developers, bankers, lenders, accountants, and financial managers.  
4.2.2 Implementation—Primarily project managers; facilities programmers; designers, including engineers; and project controls specialists, including cost planners, estimators, schedulers, specification writers, and risk analysts.  
4.2.3 Facilities Management—Comprising property portfolio managers, operating staff, and maintenance staff.  
4.2.4 Others—Public officials, manufacturers, educators, students, and other project stakeholders.  
4.3 Apply This Classification When Undertaking the Following Work on Bridges:5  
4.3.1 Financing and Investing:
4.3.1.1 Structuring costs on an elemental basis for economic evaluations (Guide E1185 and Practices E917, E964, E1057, E1074, E1121, and E1804) early in the design process helps reduce the cost of early financial analysis and ca...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard establishes a classification of bridge elements within the UNIFORMAT II family of elemental classifications. It covers most highway bridges, railroad bridges, and pedestrian bridges.  
1.2 UNIFORMAT II classifications have an elemental format similar to the original UNIFORMAT2 building elemental classification. However, the title UNIFORMAT II differs from the original in that it now takes into consideration a wide range of constructed entities that collectively form the built environment.  
1.3 Elements, as defined here and in other UNIFORMAT II Classifications, are major physical components that are common within constructed entities. Elements perform their given function(s), regardless of the design specification, construction method, or materials used.  
1.4 This elemental classification serves as a consistent reference for analysis, evaluation, and monitoring during the feasibility, planning, and design stages when constructing bridges.  
1.5 Using UNIFORMAT II elemental classifications ensures a consistency in the economic evaluation of construction projects over time and from project to project.  
1.6 UNIFORMAT II classifications also enhance reporting at all stages of a constructed entity’s life cycle—from feasibility and planning through the preparation of working documents, construction, maintenance, rehabilitation, and disposal.  
1.7 This classification is unsuitable for process applications or for preparing trade estimates.  
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to esta...

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