ASTM D7621-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction
Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Residual fuel oils can contain H2S in the liquid phase and this can result in hazardous vapor phase levels of H2S in storage tank headspaces. The vapor phase levels can vary significantly according to the headspace volume, fuel temperature and agitation. Measurement of H2S levels in the liquid phase provides a useful indication of the residual fuel oil’s propensity to form high vapor phase levels, and lower levels in the residual fuel oil will directly reduce risk of H2S exposure. It is critical however that anyone involved in handling fuel oil, such as vessel owners and operators, continue to maintain appropriate safety practices designed to protect the crew, tank farm operators and others who can be exposed to H2S.
5.1.1 The measurement of H2S in the liquid phase is appropriate for product quality control, whilst the measurement of H2S in the vapor phase is appropriate for health and safety purposes.
This test method was developed so refiners, fuel terminal operators and independent testing laboratory personnel can rapidly and precisely measure the amount of H2S in the liquid phase of residual fuel oils.
Note 2—Test Method D7621 is one of three test methods for quantitatively measuring H2S in residual fuels. Test Method D5705 is a simple field test method for determining H2S levels in the vapor phase. Test Method D6021 is an analytical test method to determine H2S levels in the liquid phase.
H2S concentrations in the liquid and vapor phase attempt to reach equilibrium in a static system. However this equilibrium and the related liquid and vapor concentrations can vary greatly depending on temperature and the chemical composition of the liquid phase. A concentration of 1 mg/kg(μg/g) (ppmw) of H2S in the liquid phase of a residual fuel can typically generate an actual gas concentration of >50 to 100 μL/L (ppmv) of H2S in the vapor phase but the equilibrium of the vapor phase is disrupted the moment a vent or access point is opened to collect a sample.
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determination of the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) content of fuel oils such as marine residual fuels and blend stocks, in the range 0.40 to 15.0 mg/kg as measured in the liquid phase.
1.2 This test method is applicable for materials with a viscosity up to 3000 mm2s-1 at 50°C.
Note 1—ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this test method are: Specification D396 Grade Nos 5 (light), 5 (heavy) and 6.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D7621 −12
IP570
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils by Rapid
1,2
Liquid Phase Extraction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7621; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* tion and Sulfur Specific Detection
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determina-
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
tion of the hydrogen sulfide (H S) content of fuel oils such as
2
Lubricants
marine residual fuels and blend stocks, in the range 0.40 to
4
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
15.0 mg/kg as measured in the liquid phase.
ADJ6300 D2PP Determination of Precision and Bias data
1.2 This test method is applicable for materials with a
for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products
2 -1
5
viscosity up to 3000 mm s at 50°C.
2.3 ISO Standards:
NOTE 1—ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this test
ISO TR 13739 Petroleum Products–Procedures for the
method are: Specification D396 Grade Nos 5 (light), 5 (heavy) and 6.
Transfer of Bunker Fuel(s) to Ships
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ISO 4259 Petroleum Products–Determination and Applica-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
tion of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
6
standard.
2.4 Energy Institute Standards:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the IP 399 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in Fuel Oils
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- IP 570 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
in Fuel Oils–Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 Definitions:
3
3.1.1 residual fuel oil, n—fuel oil comprising a blend of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
viscous long, short or cracked residue from a petroleum
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
refiningprocessandlighterdistillates(blendstocks)blendedto
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
a fuel oil viscosity specification, burned for the generation of
Petroleum Products
heat in a furnace or firebox or for the generation of power in an
D5705 Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide
engine.
in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils
D6021 Test Method for Measurement of Total Hydrogen
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Sulfide in Residual Fuels by Multiple Headspace Extrac-
3.2.1 liquid phase extraction, n—technique to determine the
concentration of H S gas trapped in a liquid by continuous
2
analysis of gases extracted by bubbling air through the test
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
specimen.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
4. Summary of Test Method
Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7621-10.
4.1 Aweighed test specimen is introduced into a heated test
DOI:10.1520/D7621–12.
vessel containing a diluent base oil.Air is bubbled through the
2
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between
ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. The IP and ASTM logos imply that the
4
ASTM and IPstandards are technically equivalent, but their use does not imply that For referenced ASTM adjuncts contact ASTM Customer Service at
both standards are editorially identical. service@astm.org.
3 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7621−12
oil to extract the H S gas. The H S is passed, with the air, over 6.5 Oven/Water Bath (optional), for warming the sample to
2 2
an H S specific electro-chemical detector to en
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7621–10 Designation: D7621 – 12
IP 570
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils by Rapid
,
1 2
Liquid Phase Extraction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7621; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the determination of the hydrogen sulfide (H S) content of fuel oils such as marine
2
residual fuels and blend stocks, in the range 0.40 to 15.0 mg/kg as measured in the liquid phase.
2 -1
1.2 This test method is applicable for materials with a viscosity up to 3000 mm s at 50°C.
NOTE 1—ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this test method are: Specification D396 Grade Nos 5 (light), 5 (heavy) and 6.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5705 Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils
D6021 TestMethodforMeasurementofTotalHydrogenSulfideinResidualFuelsbyMultipleHeadspaceExtractionandSulfur
Specific Detection
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
4
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
ADJ6300 D2PP Determination of Precision and Bias data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products
5
2.3 ISO Standards:
ISO TR 13739 Petroleum Products–Procedures for the Transfer of Bunker Fuel(s) to Ships
ISO 4259 Petroleum Products–Determination and Application of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
6
2.4 Energy Institute Standards:
IP 399 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils
IP 570 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils–Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.E0 on
Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published August 2010.
Current edition approved April 15, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7621-10. DOI:10.1520/
D7621–12.
2
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. The IP and ASTM logos imply that the ASTM
and IP standards are technically equivalent, but their use does not imply that both standards are editorially identical.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
For referenced ASTM adjuncts contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org.
5
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
6
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7621 – 12
3.1.1 residualfueloil,n—fueloilcomprisingablendofviscouslong,shortorcrackedresiduefromapetroleumrefiningprocess
and lighter distillates (blend stocks) blended to a fuel oil viscosity specification, burned for the generation of heat in a furnace or
firebox or for the generation of power in an engine.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 liquid phase extraction, n—techniquetodeterminetheconcentrationofH Sgastrappedinaliquidbycontinuousanalysis
2
of gases extracted by bubbling air through the test specimen.
4. Summa
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