ASTM D977-19

Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for thirteen grades of emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated. The emulsified asphalts shall be homogeneous after thorough mixing and shall be tested within 14 days of delivery. Asphalts separated by freezing shall no longer be tested. Materials shall be appropriately sampled and tested, and shall conform accordingly to the following physical requirements: viscosity; storage stability; demulsibility; coating ability and water resistance; cement mixing; residue by distillation; oil distillate; ductility; solubility in trichloroethylene; and behavior during sieve, penetration, and float tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers 13 grades of emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2019
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.41 - Emulsified Asphalt Specifications

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D977-17 - Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Replaced By: ASTM D977-19a - Standard Specification for Emulsified Asphalt
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D4215-21 - Standard Specification for Cold-Mixed, Cold-Laid Asphalt Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D5505-14(2020) - Standard Practice for Classifying Emulsified Recycling Agents
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D1369-19 - Standard Practice for Quantities of Materials for Asphalt-Aggregate Surface Treatments
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D3628-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Selection and Use of Emulsified Asphalts
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7226-13(2023) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalts Using a Rotational Paddle Viscometer
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D5360-15 - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Bituminous Surface Treatments
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D244-09(2017) - Standard Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7496-18 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by Saybolt Furol Viscometer
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D4223/D4223M-20 - Standard Practices for Preparation of Test Specimens of Asphalt-Stabilized Soils
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D3910-21 - Standard Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of Slurry Seal
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7404-19 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Emulsified Asphalt Residue by Moisture Balance Analyzer
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7196-23 - Standard Test Method for Raveling Test of Cold-Mixed Emulsified Asphalt Samples
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D7497-21 - Standard Practice for Recovering Residue from Emulsified Asphalt Using Low-Temperature Evaporative Technique
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D977 −19
Standard Specification for
1
Emulsified Asphalt
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D977; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
D7226 Test Method for Determining the Viscosity of Emul-
1.1 Thisspecificationcovers13gradesofemulsifiedasphalt
sified Asphalts Using a Rotational Paddle Viscometer
for use in pavement construction in the manner designated.
D7496 Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Saybolt Furol Viscometer
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in
standard.
N-Propyl Bromide
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Requirements
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1 The emulsified asphalt shall be tested within 14 days of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
delivery. The emulsified asphalt shall be homogeneous after
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
thorough mixing, provided separation has not been caused by
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
freezing. Emulsified asphalts separated by freezing shall not be
tested.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Emulsified asphalt shall conform to the requirements
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
prescribed in Table 1. Specify the test method to be used.
D5/D5M Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Mate-
Specify either Test Method D7226 or D7496.
rials
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Asphalt Materials
4. Sampling
D139 Test Method for Float Test for Bituminous Materials
4.1 Samples of emulsified asphalt shall be taken in accor-
D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
dance with Practice D140/D140M.
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in 4.2 Samples shall be stored in clean, airtight sealed contain-
Trichloroethylene ers as specified in Practice D140/D140M at a temperature of
D3910 Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of not less than 4 °C until tested.
Slurry Seal
5. Test Methods
D6930 Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of
Emulsified Asphalts
5.1 The properties of the emulsified asphalts given in Table
D6933 Test Method for Oversized Particles in Emulsified
1 shall be determined in accordance with the followingASTM
Asphalts (Sieve Test)
test methods:
D6935 Test Method for Determining Cement Mixing of
5.1.1 Viscosity—Test Method D7496 or D7226.
Emulsified Asphalt
5.1.2 Storage Stability—Test Method D6930.
D6936 Test Method for Determining Demulsibility of Emul-
5.1.3 Demulsibility—Test Method D6936.
sified Asphalt
5.1.4 Coating Ability and Water Resistance—Test Methods
D244.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
5.1.5 Cement Mixing—Test Method D6935.
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.41 on
5.1.6 Sieve Test—Test Method D6933.
Emulsified Asphalt Specifications.
5.1.7 Distillation—Test Method D6997.
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally
5.1.8 Tests on Residue from Distillation—Test Methods
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D977 – 17. DOI:
10.1520/D0977-19.
D244.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1.8.1 Penetration—Test Method D5/D5M.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1.8.2 Ductility—Test Method D113.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 5.1.8.3 Solubility—Test Method D2042 or D7553.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D977−19
2
TABLE 1 Requirements for Emulsified Asphalt
NOTE 1—QS-1h emulsions shall meet the requirements outlined in Practices D3910.
NOTE 2—QS-1h is used for quick-set slurry seal systems.
Rapid-Setting Medium-Setting
Type RS-1 RS-2 HFRS-2 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2h
Grade min max min max min max min max min max min max
Tests on Emulsions:
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 25 °C SFS 20 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 100 100 . . . 100 . . .
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 50 °C SFS . . . . . . 75 400 75 400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viscosity, Rotational Paddle at 25 °C, mPa s 45 220
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D977 − 17 D977 − 19
Standard Specification for
1
Emulsified Asphalt
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D977; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers 13 grades of emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5/D5M Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Asphalt Materials
D139 Test Method for Float Test for Bituminous Materials
D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene
D3910 Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of Slurry Seal
D6930 Test Method for Settlement and Storage Stability of Emulsified Asphalts
D6933 Test Method for Oversized Particles in Emulsified Asphalts (Sieve Test)
D6935 Test Method for Determining Cement Mixing of Emulsified Asphalt
D6936 Test Method for Determining Demulsibility of Emulsified Asphalt
D6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified Asphalt
D7226 Test Method for Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalts Using a Rotational Paddle Viscometer
D7496 Test Method for Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by Saybolt Furol Viscometer
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in N-Propyl Bromide
3. Requirements
3.1 The emulsified asphalt shall be tested within 14 days of delivery. The emulsified asphalt shall be homogeneous after
thorough mixing, provided separation has not been caused by freezing. Emulsified asphalts separated by freezing shall not be
tested.
3.2 Emulsified asphalt shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. Specify the test method to be used. Specify
either Test Method D7226 or D7496.
4. Sampling
4.1 Samples of emulsified asphalt shall be taken in accordance with Practice D140/D140M.
4.2 Samples shall be stored in clean, airtight sealed containers as specified in Practice D140/D140M at a temperature of not less
than 4 °C until tested.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.41 on Emulsified
Asphalt Specifications.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017May 1, 2019. Published June 2017May 2019. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 20142017 as
D977 – 13D977 – 17.ɛ1. DOI: 10.1520/D0977-17.10.1520/D0977-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D977 − 19
2
TABLE 1 Requirements for Emulsified Asphalt
NOTE 1—QS-1h emulsions shall meet the requirements outlined in Practices D3910.
NOTE 2—QS-1h is used for quick-set slurry seal systems.
Rapid-Setting Medium-Setting
Type RS-1 RS-2 HFRS-2 MS-1 MS-2 MS-2h
Grade min max min max min max min max min max min max
Tests on Emulsions:
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 25 °C SFS 20 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 100 100 . . . 100 . . .
Viscosity, Saybolt Furol at 50 °C SFS . . . . . . 75 400 75 400 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viscosity, Rotational Paddle at 25 °C, mPa s 45 220 . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 220 220 . . . 220 . . .
Viscosity, Rotational Paddle at 50 °C, mPa s . . . . . . 165 880 165 880 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A
Storage stability test, 24 h, % . . . 1 . . . 1 . . . 1 . . . 1 . . . 1 . . . 1
Demulsibility, 35 ml, 0.02 N CaCl2, % 60 . . . 60 .
...