ASTM F2209-03

Standard Guide for Training of Level I Land Search Team Member

SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training standard for Level I land search team members as it relates to their general, field, and search specific knowledge and skills.
1.2 A Level I land search team member searches on the surface of the land only. This guide does not provide the minimum training requirements for searching in partially or fully collapsed structures, in or on water, in confined spaces, or underground (such as caves, mines, and tunnels.)
1.3 A Level I land search team member is required to have only an overview level of knowledge of rescue as it pertains to "search and rescue." No knots, rope, litter, or other rescue skills are required of a Level I land search team member.
1.4 Level I land search team members must work under direct supervision of experienced search personnel.
1.5 Level I land search team members are eligible to be members of Type II search teams or crews as defined in Classification F 1993.
1.6 Type II teams which may utilize personnel trained to this guide are Kind A (wilderness), Kind B (urban), and Kind C (mountainous).
1.6.1 Further training may be required before a Level I land search team member can actually participate on a particular kind of search team, depending on authority having jurisdiction regulations or policies.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-2003
• ICS: 03.100.30 - Management of human resources
• Technical Committee: F32 - Search and Rescue
• Drafting Committee: F32.03 - Personnel, Training and Education

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F2209-10 - Standard Guide for Training of Level I Land Search Team Member
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F1993-16(2022) - Standard Classification System of Human Land Search and Rescue Resources
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3071-14(2020) - Standard Guide for Basic Wilderness GPS/GNSS Use (GPS/GNSS-IW) Endorsement
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3028-18 - Standard Guide for Training of Search and Rescue Personnel Operating in the Alpine Environment (Alpine Endorsement)
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3024-13(2022) - Standard Guide for Training of a Land Search and Rescue (SAR) Strike Team/Task Force Leader
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2751-16 - Standard Guide for Training of a Land Search and Rescue Team Member
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2955-19 - Standard Guide for Training for Advanced Rope Rescuer Endorsement
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2685-14(2022) - Standard Guide for Training of a Land Search Team Leader (STL)
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3315-18 - Standard Guide for Training of Abandoned or Inactive Mine Search and Rescue Team Member
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F1879-14(2020) - Standard Guide for Demonstrating Obedience and Agility in Search and Rescue Dogs
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3027-18 - Standard Guide for Training of Personnel Operating in Mountainous Terrain (Mountain Endorsement)
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3194-16 - Standard Guide for Training for Personnel Operating Small Land Off Road Vehicles (ATV-ROHV Ops Endorsement)
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2890-17 - Standard Guide for Hazard Awareness for Search and Rescue Personnel
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2794-09(2020) - Standard Guide for Level 1 (Basic) Mounted Search and Rescue (MSAR) Responder
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2958-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Helicopter Inland Search and Rescue (SAR) Technician
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:F2209–03
Standard Guide for
Training of Level I Land Search Team Member
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F1422 Guide for Using the Incident Command System
Framework in Managing Search and Rescue Operations
1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training standard
F1490 Terminology Relating to Search and Rescue
for Level I land search team members as it relates to their
F1591 Practice for Visual Signals Between Persons on the
general, field, and search specific knowledge and skills.
Ground and in Aircraft During Ground Emergencies
1.2 A Level I land search team member searches on the
F1633 Guide for Techniques in Land Search
surface of the land only. This guide does not provide the
F1767 Guide for Forms Used for Search and Rescue
minimum training requirements for searching in partially or
F1993 Classification System of Human Search and Rescue
fully collapsed structures, in or on water, in confined spaces, or
Resources
underground (such as caves, mines, and tunnels.)
F2047 Practice for Workers’ Compensation Coverage of
1.3 A Level I land search team member is required to have
Emergency Services Volunteers
only an overview level of knowledge of rescue as it pertains to
“search and rescue.” No knots, rope, litter, or other rescue
3. Terminology
skills are required of a Level I land search team member.
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, see Termi-
1.4 Level I land search team members must work under
nology F1490, Guide F1633, Classification F1993, Practice
direct supervision of experienced search personnel.
F2047, and other references within this guide.
1.5 Level I land search team members are eligible to be
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
members of Type II search teams or crews as defined in
3.2.1 authority having jurisdiction (AHJ), n—(1) the team,
Classification F1993.
organization, agency, or other entity which is using this guide;
1.6 Type II teams which may utilize personnel trained to
(2) The team, organization, agency, or other entity to which a
this guide are Kind A (wilderness), Kind B (urban), and Kind
person being trained, tested, or evaluated belongs, if the
C (mountainous).
instructor, evaluator, or tester is not a member of the same
1.6.1 Further training may be required before a Level I land
organization.
search team member can actually participate on a particular
3.2.2 field, n—the location, away from the base or com-
kindofsearchteam,dependingonauthorityhavingjurisdiction
mandpost,inwhichalandsearchteammemberissearchingor
regulations or policies.
performing other tasks.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.3 field operations, n—searches and other tasks being
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
performed away from the base or command post.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.4 land search team, n—a group of individuals searching
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
on the surface of the earth.
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
3.2.5 land search team member Level I, n—a member of a
2. Referenced Documents land search team who, as a minimum, meets the requirements
of this guide. These requirements define the basic, entry,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
awareness, or similar term level of land search knowledge and
skills.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on Search and
3.2.6 normal area of operation, n—the area(s) where an
Rescue and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.03 on Personnel,
authority having jurisdiction performs its search operations on
Training, and Education.
a regular basis and area(s) of other organizations where the
Current edition approved Apr. 10, 2003. Published May 2003. DOI: 10.1520/
F2209-03.
authority having jurisdiction is frequently called to assist with
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
search operations.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2209–03
4. Significance and Use 5.2.1 Entering private property.
5.2.2 Emergency response.
4.1 This guide establishes the minimum standard for train-
5.2.3 Finding deceased individuals.
ing land search team members as it relates to their general,
5.2.4 Crime scenes.
field, and search specific knowledge and skills. A person
5.3 Describe the purposes of critical incident stress manage-
trained to this guide is a Level I land search team member.
ment and debriefing.
4.2 Every person who is identified as a Level I land search
5.4 Incident Command System:
team member shall have met the requirements of this guide.
5.4.1 The Incident Command System (ICS) is used for
4.3 This guide is to be used by individuals and agencies
managing non-emergency and emergency incidents; Guide
having jurisdiction that wish to identify the minimum training
F1422 recommends the use of ICS for managing SAR opera-
standards for Level I land search team members.
tions.
4.4 This guide is only the first level of training for land
5.4.2 It is recommended that Level I land search team
search personnel and as such, only establishes the minimum
members complete an introductory class in ICS such as the
knowledge and skills required for a person to perform land
NationalWildfire Coordinating Group course I-100 or equiva-
search.
lent.
4.4.1 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding
5.4.3 In lieu of passing I-100 or equivalent, the Level I land
additional requirements for its own members.
search team member shall demonstrate familiarity with the
4.5 This guide by itself is not a training document. It is only
Incident Command System.
an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating a
5.4.3.1 List the five major organizational activities within
Level I land search team member, but it can be used to develop
the ICS and explain their primary functions.
a training document or program.
5.4.3.2 Give the titles and explain the duties of Command
4.6 It is up to the AHJ to determine the depth or detail of
and General Staff members.
training to meet its needs.
5.4.3.3 Describe what an IncidentAction Plan is and how it
4.7 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with
is used at an incident.
the referenced documents to provide the specific information
5.4.3.4 Explain the function of the command post, base, and
needed by a Level I land search team member or AHJ.
staging areas.
4.8 Though this guide establishes the minimum standards, it
5.4.3.5 Describe how span of control functions within the
does not imply that a Level I land search team member is a
incident organization.
“trainee,” “probationary,” or other similar term member of an
5.5 Personal Safety and Survival:
AHJ. It is up to the AHJ to determine the requirements and
5.5.1 Explain what the basic needs for survival are and
qualifications for member ratings.
prioritize them.
4.9 This guide can be used to evaluate a book or other
5.5.2 Describe the five ways in which the body loses heat,
document to determine if its content meets the necessary topics
the concerns with these losses, and the ways to prevent them.
for training a Level I land search team member. Likewise, the
5.5.3 Describe the principles of layered clothing, the func-
guide can be used to evaluate an existing training program to
tion of each layer, and the advantages and disadvantages of
see if it meets the requirements of this guide.
materials used in each layer.
4.10 The knowledge and skills requirements presented in
5.5.4 Describe considerations for choosing socks and foot-
the following sections are not presented in any particular order
wear.
and do not represent a training sequence.
5.5.5 Explain the basic considerations for emergency shel-
4.11 Except where a physical skill needs to be shown, it is
ter.
up to the AHJ, instructor, evaluator, or tester to determine the
5.5.5.1 Build an emergency shelter using only personal field
best way to evaluate a person’s knowledge. This may be by
equipment and materials found in the field.
written exam, oral exam, demonstration, or by some combina-
5.5.6 Build a sustainable fire using only personal field
tion of the three.
equipment and materials found in the field.
5.5.7 Describe two methods of water purification.
5. General Knowledge and Skills
5.5.8 Discuss the considerations for food to be carried in the
A Level I land search team member shall:
field.
5.1 Explain AHJ regulations, policies, procedures, guide-
5.5.9 Describe personal hygiene and sanitation consider-
lines, and so forth, with regards to:
ations and techniques used in the field.
5.1.1 Callout or dispatch to an incident.
5.5.10 Describe types of emergency signaling devices and
5.1.2 Checking in at an incident.
the advantages and disadvantages of each.
5.1.3 Team mission briefing.
5.5.10.1 Air-to-ground and ground-to-air signals are shown
5.1.4 Team mission debriefing.
in Practice F1591.
5.1.5 Demobilization and departing the incident.
5.5.11 Describe the safety precautions for working around
5.1.6 Member interface with the media.
helicopters.
5.1.7 Working with other agencies or organizations.
5.1.8 Insurance coverage.
5.2 Explain the legal aspects of SAR with respect to the
Module 1—ICS Orientation, Available from the National Interagency Fire
AHJ for: Center, 3833 S. Development Ave., Boise, ID 83705, http://www.nwcg.gov.
F2209–03
5.5.12 TheAHJ shall determine what physical performance 5.9.1 Explain the advantages and disadvantages between
requirements are required for Level I land search team mem- using a large scale topographic map and a highway or street
bers and develop appropriate performance measurements. map which does not show topographic features.
5.6 Environmental Concerns: 5.9.2 Identify and describe the meaning of five topographic
map symbols.
5.6.1 Describe the signs, symptoms, and preventative mea-
5.9.3 Describe legend information and its use.
sures for the following:
5.9.4 Explain the significance of the following:
5.6.1.1 Cold related problems.
5.9.4.1 Contour lines and their spacing.
5.6.1.2 Heat related problems.
5.9.4.2 True north, magnetic North, and declination.
5.6.1.3 Dehydration.
5.9.5 Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the
5.6.1.4 Fatigue and exhaustion.
following when used to determine a position:
5.6.1.5 Blisters.
5.9.5.1 Latitude/Longitude.
5.6.1.6 Sunburn.
5.9.5.2 UniversalTransverse Mercator (UTM) Grid System.
5.6.1.7 Hazards in the normal area of operations.
5.9.5.3 References to features on a map.
(1) Plants (for example, adverse reactions to, encounters
5.9.5.4 Any AHJ preferred methods.
with).
5.9.6 Demonstrate the following navigational skills:
(2) Animals (for example, bites, stings, encounters with).
5.9.6.1 Orient a map to North using terrain or a compass.
(3) Other (for example, snow blindness, altitude related
5.9.6.2 Follow a compass bearing.
problems).
5.9.6.3 Ability to estimate distance traveled in the field.
5.6.2 Describe terrain hazards in the normal area of opera-
5.9.6.4 Obtain a bearing in the field and plot it correctly on
tion.
a map.
5.6.3 Discuss the additional hazards of searching at night.
5.9.6.5 Obtainabearingonamapandtransferitcorrectlyto
5.6.4 Describe weather patterns and conditions that may
the field.
affect a search in the normal area of operations.
5.9.6.6 Determine and correctly give the coordinates of a
5.6.5 Describe the safety rules for lightning protection.
point on a map in:
5.6.6 Describe general and AHJ specific procedures to be
(1) Latitude/Longitude.
followed when searching in hazardous areas and conditions.
(2) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM).
5.7 First Aid and Medical: (3) References to features on the map.
5.7.1 Explain blood-borne pathogens and body substance (4) Any AHJ preferred methods.
5.9.6.7 Plot on a map coordinates given in:
isolation procedures.
(1) Latitude/Longitude.
5.7.2 ALevelIlandsearchteammembershallhavemedical
(2) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM).
or first aid training.
(3) References to features on the map.
5.7.2.1 The AHJ shall determine the required level of
(4) Any AHJ preferred methods.
medical or first aid training.
5.9.6.8 Determine the distance between two points on a
5.7.2.2 As a minimum, the medical or first aid training shall
map.
include basic treatment for the conditions listed in 5.6.1.
5.9.7 If Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) receivers are
5.8 Personal Equipment:
used, discuss:
5.8.1 Personal equipment necessary for a Level I land
5.9.7.1 The advantages and disadvantages between GPS
search team member to safely participate on a search varies by
receivers and map and compass for land navigation.
type of search, team assignment, season, environment, and
5.9.7.2 Importance of having the GPS datum match the map
terrain. A Level I land search team member shall:
datum.
5.8.1.1 Have appropriate clothing, outerwear, footwear, and
5.10 Communications:
personal field equipment based on these factors and AHJ
5.10.1 Explain AHJ radio procedures, protocols, and sys-
requirements.
tems.
5.8.1.2 Have a durable, hands-free method of carrying
5.10.2 Demonstrate how to operate radio equipment of the
personal and team equipment into the field.
AHJ.
5.8.1.3 Explain the reasons to carry, and explain or demon-
5.10.3 TheAHJ shall determine what procedures, protocols,
strate the use of, all equipment the AHJ requires.
andsystemsaLevelIlandsearchteammemberneedstoknow,
5.8.2 To assist theAHJ or Level I land search team member
and what radio equipment operation needs to be demonstrated.
withpersonalequipmentdecisions,Appendix1containsequip-
5.10.4 Correctly send a set of position coordinates by radio.
ment lists.
5.10.5 Correctly receive a set of position coordinates by
5.8.2.1 Table X1.1 is a list of items to be considered for
radio.
personal equipment.
6. Basic Search and Rescue Knowledge
5.8.2.2 Table X1.2 is a list of suggested items for a personal
first aid kit.
A Level I land search team member shall:
5.8.2.3 Table X1.3 is a list of suggested items for a base
6.1 Define the following general aspects of search and
camp kit.
rescue operations:
5.9 Map, Compass, and Land Navigation: 6.1.1 Search.
F2209–03
6.1.2 Rescue. 7.
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