ASTM D6822-12b(2017)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Density and API gravity are used in custody transfer quantity calculations and to satisfy transportation, storage, and regulatory requirements. Accurate determination of density or API gravity of crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes at the standard temperatures of 15 °C or 60 °F.
5.2 Density and API gravity are also factors that indicate the quality of crude petroleum. Crude petroleum prices are frequently posted against values in kg/m3 or in degrees API. However, this property of petroleum is an uncertain indication of its quality unless correlated with other properties.
5.3 Field of Application—Because the thermohydrometer incorporates both the hydrometer and thermometer in one device, it is more applicable in field operations for determining density or API gravity of crude petroleum and other liquid petroleum products. The procedure is convenient for gathering main trunk pipelines and other field applications where limited laboratory facilities are available. The thermohydrometer method may have limitations in some petroleum density determinations. When this is the case, other methods such as Test Method D1298 (API MPMS Chapter 9.1) may be used.
5.4 This procedure is suitable for determining the density, relative density, or API gravity of low viscosity, transparent or opaque liquids, or both. This procedure, when used for opaque liquids, requires the use of a meniscus correction (see 9.2). Additionally for both transparent and opaque fluids the readings shall be corrected for the thermal glass expansion effect and alternate calibration temperature effects before correcting to the reference temperature. This procedure can also be used for viscous liquids by allowing sufficient time for the thermohydrometer to reach temperature equilibrium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less. Values are determined at existing temperatures and corrected to 15 °C or 60 °F by means of a series of calculations and international standard tables.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements. Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, or API gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures (API MPMS Chapter 11.5) or Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover volume determination).
1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.6.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all o...
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Designation: D6822 − 12b (Reapproved 2017)
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Thermohydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope reading with observations and results reported as required by
Section 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass
(measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or
thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations,
base prover volume determination).
of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude
petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and 1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certify-
nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having ing the equipment of this test method.
a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Values are determined at existing temperatures and corrected to
standard.
15 °C or 60 °F by means of a series of calculations and
1.6.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for
international standard tables.
information only.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measure-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ments. Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the reference temperature or at another convenient
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
temperature, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration tem-
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
perature effects and to the reference temperature by means of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
calculations and Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, or API
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units
or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconver-
2. Referenced Documents
sion Procedures (API MPMS Chapter 11.5) or Adjunct to
2
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
before performing any calculations. The calculations required
ucts by Hydrometer Method
in Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and the API Committee on
Petroleum Measurement, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
/COMQ, the joint ASTM-API Committee on Hydrocarbon Measurement for
Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API). This test method has been approved by the
sponsoring committees and accepted by the Cooperating Societies in accordance
2
with established procedures. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 15, 2017. Published July 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6822 – 12b. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6822-12BR17. the ASTM website.
© Jointly copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA and the American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Street NW, Washington DC 20005, USA
1
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6822 − 12b D6822 − 12b (Reapproved 2017)
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Thermohydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of
the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum
products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or
less. Values are determined at existing temperatures and corrected to 15°C15 °C or 60°F60 °F by means of a series of calculations
and international standard tables.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements.
Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and
readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to
the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
(API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, or API gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or
alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures (API MPMS Chapter 11.5) or Adjunct to D1250 Guide
for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in
Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section
11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover
volume determination).
1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and the API Committee on Petroleum
Measurement, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02 /COMQ, the joint ASTM-API Committee on Hydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint
ASTM-API). This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the Cooperating Societies in accordance with established procedures.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012July 15, 2017. Published October 2012July 2012. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as
D6822D6822 – 12b.-12a. DOI: 10.1520/D6822-12B.10.1520/D6822-12BR17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
© Jointly copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
...
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