ASTM D1461-85(2001)

Standard Test Method for Moisture or Volatile Distillates in Bituminous Paving Mixtures

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by direct measurement, of moisture or volatile fractions of the bitumen in bituminous paving mixtures.
1.2  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2000
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.25 - Analysis of Asphalt Mixtures

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1461-85(2006) - Standard Test Method for Moisture or Volatile Distillates in Bituminous Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D8159-19 - Standard Test Method for Automated Extraction of Asphalt Binder from Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4125/D4125M-21 - Standard Test Methods for Asphalt Content of Asphalt Mixtures by the Nuclear Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6627/D6627M-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of a Volatile Distillate Fraction of Cold Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1188/D1188M-22 - Standard Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures Using Coated Samples
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6307-19 - Standard Test Method for Asphalt Content of Asphalt Mixture by Ignition Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2172/D2172M-17e1 - Standard Test Methods for Quantitative Extraction of Asphalt Binder from Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6932/D6932M-21 - Standard Guide for Materials and Construction of Open-Graded Friction Course Plant Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1461–85(Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Moisture or Volatile Distillates in Bituminous Paving
Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1461; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope necessary to supplement this water-cooled condenser with a
second water-cooled condenser of approximately the same
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by direct
dimensions.
measurement, of moisture or volatile fractions of the bitumen
4.3 Trap, of well-annealed glass, of one of the following
in bituminous paving mixtures.
types depending upon the purpose of the test:
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.3.1 For determination of water in bituminous paving
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mixtures, a glass trap of 10 or 25-mL capacity shall be used.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
The trap shall be graduated in 0.1-mL divisions with
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
60.05-mL maximum error below 1 mL, and in 0.2-mL
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
divisions with a 60.1-mL maximum error above 1 mL, as
2. Referenced Documents
specified in Table 1 and Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4.
Tapered Ball traps require adaptors for connection to the metal
2.1 ASTM Standards:
still.
D 244 Test Methods for Emulsified Asphalts
4.3.2 For determination of the volatile fractions of the
D 979 Test Methods for Sampling Bituminous Paving Mix-
bitumen, the trap shall conform to the dimensions shown in
tures
Fig. 5.
3. Significance and Use
4.4 Solvent—For general use, an aromatic solvent is pre-
ferred, since it has high solvency and dispersing power for
3.1 This test method is used for determining either the
most bituminous materials. Xylene, or a blend of 20 % toluene
amount of moisture or the amount of volatile petroleum
and 80 % xylene, is recommended. For asphalts and similar
distillates in bituminous paving mixtures.
petroleum products, a petroleum distillate, 5 % boiling be-
4. Apparatus
tween 90 and 100°C (194 and 212°F), and 90 % distilling
below 210°C (410°F) may be used. For coal-tar, water-gas tar,
4.1 Metal Still— A vertical cylindrical still, similar to that
and similar materials, the aromatic solvent must be used.
used inTest Methods D 244, having a faced flange at the top to
4.5 Heating Device— Any satisfactory source of heat that
which the head is tightly attached by means of a clamp. The
will be capable of maintaining a rate of distillation of 85 to 95
head shall be of metal, preferably of copper or brass, and shall
drops/min.
be provided with a tubulation 25.4 mm (1 in.) in inside
diameter.
5. Sampling
4.2 Condenser, of the water-cooled reflux glass-tube type,
3 5.1 Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the
having a condenser jacket not less than 400 mm (15 ⁄4in.) long
3 1
procedures set forth in Test Methods D 979.
with an inner tube 9.5 to 12.7 mm ( ⁄8to ⁄2 in.) in outside
5.2 The sample shall be representative of the material and
diameter. The end of the condenser inserted in the trap shall be
shall be of such size as practical to fill the container in which
ground off at an angle of 30° from the vertical axis of the
it is transported to the laboratory. For duplicate tests a 1.9-L
condenser. For mixtures with very volatile solvents, it may be
( ⁄2-gal) friction-top tin pail full of the material would be
satisfactory.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
6. Test Specimen and Sample
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.25on
Analysis of Bituminous Mixtures.
6.1 Thoroughly mix the sample and weigh out an amount
Current edition approved Oct. 25, 1985. Published December 1985. Originally
estimated to show a percentage of moisture or diluent within
published as D 1461 – 56 T. Last previous edition D 1461 – 79.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03. the capacity of the trap calibration. Keep the remainder of the
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D1461
TABLE 1 Dimensions and Sizes of Traps
Description Small-
Size of est Scale
Top of Bottom of Bottom of
Style Figure Trap, Range, mL Scale Error
Graduated Graduated Vapor
mL Division, max, mL
Tube Tube Tube
mL
0to 1.0 0.1 0.05
A $ joint conical $ joint 7 10 over 1.0 to 10.0 0.2 0.1
B § joint conical § joint 8
C $ joint conical plain 9 0to 1.0 0.1 0.05
D plain conical plain 10 25 over 1.0 to 25 0.2 0.1
5 0to 5.0 0.1 0.05
E $ joint round $ joint 11 10 0to10.0 0.1 0.1
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 1 Traps (Style A)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 2 Traps (Style B)
sample in its tightly covered container. The weighed sample 7. Procedure for Determination of Moisture
should be preferably not less than 500 g for normal mixtures.
7.1 Afterthesamplehasbeenplacedinthestill,add200mL
Thoroughly break up this sample to avoid larger lumps, and
of the solvent and quickly stir it into the sample.
place it in the still.
D1461
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 3 Traps (Style C)
NOTE 1—All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 4 Traps (Style D)
7.2 Assemble the components of the apparatus as illustrated 8. Procedure for
...