ASTM D5336-00
(Specification)Standard Specification for Polyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials
Standard Specification for Polyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polyphthalamide materials suitable for injection molding.
1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications. These may be specified by using suffixes as given in Section 5.
1.3 This specification is intended to be a means of calling out plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this specification, and the economics.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard (see Practice E380).
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 12, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 5. Note 1-There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard. Note 2-Property tables will be developed using specimens and methods recommended in Guide D1999.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 5336 – 00
Standard Specification for
Polyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * D 648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics
Under Flexural Load
1.1 This specification covers polyphthalamide materials
D 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
suitable for injection molding.
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
1.2 The properties included in this specification are those
als
required to identify the compositions covered. There may be
D 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
other requirements necessary to identify particular character-
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
istics important to specialized applications. These may be
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
specified by using suffixes as given in Section 5.
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
1.3 This specification allows for the use of recycled mate-
Plastics
rials provided that all specification requirements are met.
D 2857 Practice for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Polymers
1.4 This specification is intended to be a means of calling
D 3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures of Poly-
out plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items or
mers by Thermal Analysis
parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material
D 3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of
selection should be made by those having expertise in the
Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials
plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the
D 3835 Test Method for Determination of Properties of
performance required of the part, the environment to which it
Polymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary Rheometer
will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the
D 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
inherent properties of the material other than those covered by
D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-
this specification, and the economics.
rials
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D 4019 Test Method for Moisture in Plastics by Coulomet-
standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10).
ric Regeneration of Phosphorus Pentoxide
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
D 5225 Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity of
test methods portion, Section 12, of this specification: This
Polymers with a Differential Viscometer
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
D 5630 Test Method for Ash Content in Thermoplastics
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
D 5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the D 4000
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
Format
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
tions prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given
Determine Conformance with Specifications
in Note 6.
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard. 6
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
2.2 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:
2. Referenced Documents
UL94 Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Mate-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
rials
D 256 Test Methods for Determining the Pendulum Impact
Resistance of Notched Specimens of Plastics
3. Terminology
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
3.1 Definitions—The terminology used in this specification
Insulating Materials for Testing
is in accordance with Terminologies D 883 and D 1600.
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
1 3
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.
Materials (Section D20.15.09). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Current edition approved April 10, 2000. Published July 2000. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.
published as D 5336 – 92. Last previous edition D 5336 – 93. Available from Underwriters Laboratories, 1285 Walt Whitman Road, Melville,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Long Island, NY 11747.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 5336
NOTE 2—An example of this classification system is as follows:
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 polyphthalamide, PPA, n—a polyamide in which resi- The designation PPA0121 would indicate from Table PPA:
dues of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid or a combination
PPA = Polyphthalamide as found in Terminology D 1600
of the two comprise at least 55 molar percentage of the
01 (Group) = Semicrystalline PPA
2 (Class) = Low-temperature molding material
dicarboxylic acid portion of the repeating structural units in the
1 (Grade) = With the corresponding requirements shown in Table PPA
polymer chain.
4.2.1 To facilitate the incorporation of future or special
4. Classification
materials, the “other/unspecified” category (00) for group, (0)
4.1 The polyphthalamide materials will be designated“
for class, and (0) for grade is shown. The basic properties of the
PPA,” as specified in Terminology D 1600.
material can be obtained from Table A as they apply.
4.2 Unreinforced polyphthalamide materials are classified
into groups according to crystallinity. These groups are subdi-
vided into classes and grades as shown in Table PPA.
TABLE PPA Requirements for Unreinforced Polyphthalamide Resins
Inherent Melting Glass
A B B
Viscosity Temperature, Transition ,
Group Description Class Description Grade Description dL/g °C Tg, °C
01 semicrystalline 1 high-temperature molding 1 0.98-1.06 305-320 115-130
PPA 2 0.91-0.99 305-320 115-130
3 0.83-0.91 305-320 115-130
0 other
2 low-temperature molding 1 0.95-1.05 320-335 90-105
2 0.85-0.95 290-305 85-95
3 0.95-1.05 300-315 85-95
0 other
0 other 0 other
00 other 0 other 0 other
A
Practice D 2857 or Test Method D 5225 with conditions as specified in 12.6 of this specification.
B
Test Method D 3418 using a heating rate of 10°C/min.
TABLE A Detail Requirements of Special Reinforced PPAs
NOTE—All mechanical properties are determined on dry-as-molded injection molded specimens.
Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A B C
Inherent viscosity, Test Method 0.60 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1
D 2857, dL/g, min
D B C
Tensile strength, Test Method D 638 , 45 (6500) 75 (10900) 90 (13000) 100 (14500) 135 (19600) 200 (29000) 230 (33400) 255 (37000)
E
MPa (psi), min
F B C
Flexural modulus, Test Method D 790 , 1.5 (218) 2.5 (363) 3.0 (435) 5.5 (798) 6.5 (943) 10.0 (1450) 13.5 (1958) 15.0 (2175)
GPA (kpsi), min
G H B C
Izod impact, Test Method D 256 J/m 20 (0.38) 40 (0.75) 60 (1.1) 90 (1.6) 100 (1.9) 350 (6.6) 500 (9.4) 650 (12.1)
(ft-lbf/in), min
B C
Deflection Temperature Test Method 100 125 160 185 210 235 260 285
I
D 648 , °C, min
A
See 12.6 of this specification for specific conditions.
B
Unspecified requirement.
C
Specific value must be given in call-out.
D
Test Method D 638, Type I tensile bar. The speed of testing shall be as described in 12.2 of this specification.
E
MPa 3 145 = psi.
F
Test Method D 790 with a 1-mm (0.05-in.)/min testing speed.
G
Test Methods D 256, Test Method A.
H
J/m 3 0.01873 = ft-lb/in.
I
Test Method D 648, using 1820-kPa (264-psi) stress.
4.3 Reinforced and lubricated versions of the polyphthala- age of additive(s) by total mass, with tolerances as tabulated as
follows:
mide materials are classified in accordance with Tables PPA
and A, where Table PPA specifies the unreinforced material and Symbol Material Tolerance (Based on the Total Mass)
C Carbon or graphite fiber 63%
Table A the properties after the addition of reinforcements or
G Glass reinforced 63%
lubricants at the nominal level indicated (see 4.3.1).
L Lubricants by agreement between the supplier and
the user
4.3.1 A single letter shall be used to indicate the major
M Mineral 63%
reinforcement, or filler, or combinations of reinforcements or
R Combinations of reinforce- 63 % for the total reinforcement or
ments or fillers, or both filler, or both
fillers, or both, along with two digits that indicate the percent-
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 5336
4.3.1.1 This part of the specification uses the type and fied limits in this specification are absolute limits, as defined in
percentage of additive to designate the modification of the Practice E 29.
basic material. To facilitate this designation, the type and 8.2.1 With the absolute method, an observed value or a
percentage of additive can be shown on the supplier’s technical calculated value is not rounded, but is to be compared directly
data sheet unless it is proprietary in nature. If necessary, to the specified limiting value. Conformance or nonconfor-
additional requirements shall be indicated by use of the suffix mance with this specification is based on this comparison.
part of the system, as given in Section 5.
9. Sampling
4.3.2 Table A Detail Requirements—An identifying number
9.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy the
is made up of the letter “A” and five digits comprising the cell
requirements of 13.4. A lot of material shall be considered as a
numbers in the order in which the properties appear.
unit of manufacture as prepared for shipment, and may consist
4.3.2.1 Although the values listed in Table A are necessary
of two or more “production runs” or batches.
to include the range of properties available in existing materi-
10. Specimen Preparation
als, users should not infer that every possible combination of
the properties exists or can be obtained.
10.1 Mold test specimens by an injection molding process
4.3.3 An example of this classification system for a 33 %
(see Practice D 3641). Use the following conditions:
glass-reinforced polyphthalamide material is as follows:
Class Grade Melt Temperature° C (°F) Mold Temperature min, °C (°F)
1 all 325-335 (620-635) 135 (275)
PPA0121G33A56577
2 1 and 3 330-345 (625-650) 65 (150)
2 2 320-330 (605-625) 65 (150)
PPA0121 = Semicrystalline, low-temperature molding grade polyphthalamide
from Table PPA,
10.2 Materials used in the preparation of test specimens
G33 = Glass reinforced at 33 % nominal,
A = Table A property requirements,
shall contain no more than 0.2 % moisture.
5 = Inherent viscosity, min 0.85 dL/g,
6 = Tensile strength, min 200 MPa,
NOTE 3—If the moisture content exceeds the limits previously stated,
5 = Flexural modulus, min 6.5 GPa,
the material may be dried by a variety of methods such as a temperature
7 = Izod impact, min 500 J/m,
of 80 - 100°C in vacuum or a stream, of nitrogen or a desiccant bed dryer,
7 = Deflection temperature, min 260°C, and
or both, until the moisture content is within the stated limits.
If no properties are specified, the designation would be PPA0121G33.
11. Conditioning
5. Suffixes
11.1 Obtain test data using dry-as-molded specimens, de-
5.1 When additional requirements are needed for the mate-
fined as those that immediately upon removal from the mold
rials covered in this specification that are not covered in Tables
are sealed in containers that are impermeable to water vapor.
PPA or A, then those requirements shall be designated through
Condition specimens a minimum of 12 h in sealed containers
the use of suffixes.
at 23 6 2°C prior to testing.
5.1.1 A list of suffixes can be found in Classification System
D 4000 (Table 3) and may be used for additional requirements NOTE 4—Physical properties of polyphthalamides are dependent upon
the moisture content of the molded item. The user should refer to the
as appropriate.
manufacturer’s literature for details.
5.2 If the requirements for the polyphthalamide material in
4.3.3 also included flammability requirements, the following 11.2 Conduct tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere
example illustrates the call-out: (see Practice D 618) of 23 6 2°C and 506 5 % relative
humidity. Do not remove individual specimens from sealed
PPA0121G33A56577FL34
containers until immediately before testing.
PPA0121G33A56577 = Same as 4.3.3
F = Flammability requirements 12. Test Methods
L = UL94 recognition required
12.1 Determine the properties enumerated in this specifica-
3 = UL recognition at 0.80-mm min thickness
4 = UL rating 94V-0
tion by means of test methods referenced.
12.2 Tensile Strength—Test Method D 638, using a Type I
6. Basic Requirements
test specimen and a testing speed of 5 mm (0.2 in.)/min or 50
6.1 Basic requirements from Tables PPA and A, as they
mm (2.0 in.)/min if elongation exceeds 10 %.
apply, are always in effect unless these requirements are
12.3 Flexural Strength and Modulus—Test Methods D 790,
superseded by specific suffix requirements, which always take
using a testing speed of 1 mm (0.05 in.)/min.
precedence.
12.4 Izod Impact—Test Methods D 256, Test Method A.
12.5 Deflection Temperature—Test Method D 648, using a
7. General Requirements
maximum outer fiber stress of 1820 kPa (264 psi).
7.1 The material compositions shall be uniform and shall 12.6 Inherent Viscosity—Test Method D 2857 or D 5225
conform to the requirements specified herein. with the following modifications:
12.6.1 Solvent—Prepare a filtered solution containing a
8. Detail Requirements
60/40 weight percent of phenol/S tetrachloroethane (TCE).
8.1 Test specimens for the various materials shall conform
NOTE 5—Warning: Phenol tetrachloroethane is a very dangerous sol-
to the requirements prescribed in Tables PPA and A, and the
vent. It is toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and absorption. Refer to the
suffix requirements as they apply.
appropriate material safety data sheet for information on the proper
8.2 For the purpose of determining conformance, all speci- handling of this material.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new
...
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