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ASTM D7798-13

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538°C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538°C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum distillate fractions provides an insight into the composition of feed stocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. A major advantage of the fast analysis time obtained by this test method is increasing product through put and reduced lab testing time by a minimum factor of 3. This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range may be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations and for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products and biodiesel formulations, B5, B10, and B20. It is applicable to petroleum distillates having a final boiling point not greater than 538°C or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. The difference between the initial boiling point and the final boiling point shall be greater than 55°C.  
1.2 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum distillates containing low molecular weight components (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, full range crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous mixtures (for example, alcohols, ethers, acids or esters, except biodiesels) or residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test Methods D3710, D7096, D6352, or D7169.  
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. This test method uses gas chromatographic components that allow the entire analysis from sample to sample to occur in 5 min or less. In these instruments the column is heated directly at rates 10–15 times that of a conventional gas chromatograph and thus the analysis time is reduced from sample to sample.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—Appendix X1 includes temperatures in Fahrenheit for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2013
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.04.0H - Chromatographic Distribution Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D7798-13 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538°C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)ASTM D7798-13 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538°C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)
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ASTM D7798-13 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538°C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7798 − 13
StandardTest Method for
Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with
Final Boiling Points up to 538°C by Ultra Fast Gas
1
Chromatography (UF GC)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheboiling
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
range distribution of petroleum products and biodiesel
Atmospheric Pressure
formulations, B5, B10, and B20. It is applicable to petroleum
D1160TestMethodforDistillationofPetroleumProductsat
distillateshavingafinalboilingpointnotgreaterthan538°Cor
Reduced Pressure
loweratatmosphericpressureasmeasuredbythistestmethod.
D2887Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
The difference between the initial boiling point and the final
troleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
boiling point shall be greater than 55°C.
D2892Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
1.2 The test method is not applicable for analysis of
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
petroleum distillates containing low molecular weight compo-
D3710TestMethodforBoilingRangeDistributionofGaso-
nents (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, full range
line and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography
3
crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous mixtures (for
(Withdrawn 2014)
example, alcohols, ethers, acids or esters, except biodiesels) or
D4626Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test
Response Factors
Methods D3710, D7096, D6352,or D7169.
D6352Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
troleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174 °C to 700
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distil-
°C by Gas Chromatography
lation methodology. This test method uses gas chromato-
D6708Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
graphic components that allow the entire analysis from sample
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
to sample to occur in 5 min or less. In these instruments the
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
column is heated directly at rates 10–15 times that of a
D7096Test Method for Determination of the Boiling Range
conventional gas chromatograph and thus the analysis time is
Distribution of Gasoline by Wide-Bore Capillary Gas
reduced from sample to sample.
Chromatography
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as D7169 Test Method for Boiling Point Distribution of
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this Samples with Residues Such as Crude Oils and Atmo-
standard. spheric and Vacuum Residues by High Temperature Gas
Chromatography
1.4.1 Exception—Appendix X1 includes temperatures in
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsandRelation-
Fahrenheit for information only.
ships
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E594Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E1510Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Subcommittee D02.04.0H on Chromatographic Distribution Methods. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published April 2013. DOI: 10.1520/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
D7798-13. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7798 − 13
3. Terminology nents of the sample and cause them to elute in order of
increasing boiling point.
3.1 Definitions:
4.2 Depending on the analyzer and column used, a sample
3.1.1 This test method makes reference to many common
aliquot is diluted with a viscosity reducing solvent or intro-
gas chromatographic procedures, terms, and relationships.
ducedneatintothechromatographicsystem
...

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5.1 The boiling range distribution of light and medium petroleum distillate fractions provides an insight into the composition of feed stocks and products related to petroleum refining process, This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
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5.1 The bromine number is useful as a measure of aliphatic unsaturation in petroleum samples. When used in conjunction with the calculation procedure described in Annex A2, it can be used to estimate the percentage of olefins in petroleum distillates boiling up to approximately 315 °C (600 °F).  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractables in petroleum waxes.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the color of refined oils such as undyed motor and aviation gasoline, jet propulsion fuels, naphthas and kerosine, and, in addition, petroleum waxes and pharmaceutical white oils.  
Note 1: For determining the color of petroleum products darker than Saybolt Color − 16, see Test Method D1500.  
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1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units or in SI units and which are not in parentheses are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
Note 2: Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method have traditionally been marked in inches, (the tube is required to be etched with 1/8 in. divisions.) The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch, 1/2 in., 1/4 in., and 1/8 in. changes in the depth of oil. These fractional inch changes do not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the preponderance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches, the inch/pound unit is regarded as the standard. However the test method does use SI units of length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tube and Saybolt Color Numbers. The test method uses SI units for temperature.  
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Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity of a Blend of Petroleum Products

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5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.  
5.2 The inverse problem, predicating the required blend fractions of components to meet a specified viscosity at a given temperature may also be solved using either the Inverse Wright Blending Method or the Inverse ASTM Blending Method.  
5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.  
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5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4952-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)

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5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 7.3.  
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Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    35 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    35 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off