ASTM C478-12
(Specification)Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer and water works. Reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in which steel reinforcement has been embedded in such a manner so that the steel reinforcement and concrete act together. Aggregates shall conform to the specification , except that the requirements for gradation shall not apply. Minimum compressive strength of concrete manhole products covered must meet the requirement. The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, and mixed with such proportions of cementitious materials and water as will produce as homogeneous concrete mixture of such quality that the products will conform to the test and design requirements. Concrete products shall be subjected to either steam or water curing. Test methods such as compression and absorption testing shall be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.
1.2 Part I, Sections 1-11, of this specification presents general requirements and requirements that are common to each precast concrete product covered by this specification.
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific requirements for each manhole product in the following sections:
ProductSection Grade Rings12 Flat Slab Tops13 Risers and Conical Tops14 Base Sections15 Steps and Ladders16
Note 1—Future products will to be included in Part II in a future revision of this specification.
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to Specification C478M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the specification.
Note 2—This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however, that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care in the field installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes. The owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.
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Designation:C478 −12
Standard Specification for
1
Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C478; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
PART I—GENERAL 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1. Scope
A615/A615M SpecificationforDeformedandPlainCarbon-
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase
Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
requirements of products used for the assembly and construc-
A706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformed
tion of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes
and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.
A1064/A1064M Specification for Steel Wire and Welded
Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
1.2 Part I, Sections 1-11, of this specification presents
general requirements and requirements that are common to C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
each precast concrete product covered by this specification.
drical Concrete Specimens
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific require-
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
ments for each manhole product in the following sections:
C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-
Product Section
crete
Grade Rings 12
Flat Slab Tops 13 C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-
Risers and Conical Tops 14
pounds for Curing Concrete
Base Sections 15
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
Steps and Ladders 16
Concrete
NOTE 1—Future products will to be included in Part II in a future
C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or
revision of this specification.
Tile
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
Specification C478M; therefore, no SI equivalents are pre-
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
sented in the specification.
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
NOTE 2—This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specifica-
tion only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relation- Products
ship between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the
C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and
manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however,
Mortars
that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care
Use in Producing Flowing Concrete
in the field installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes.The
owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is
3
2.2 ACI Standard:
cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.
318 Building Code, Requirements for Reinforced Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to precast
reinforced concrete manholes, see Terminology C822.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholes contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and Specials. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C478 – 11. DOI: Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
10.1520/C0478-12. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.aci-int.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C478−12
4. Materials and Manufacture 5. Design
4.1 General material requirements for precast reinforced 5.1 Design requirements for a product are prescribed in the
concrete manhole products are presented in 4.1.1-4.1.8. Other specific Part II section for that product.
materials or additional requirements for a product, if any, are 5.1.1 The minimum compressive strength of concrete man-
covered in the Part II section for that specific product. hole products covered by this specification shall be 4000 psi
4.1.1 Reinforced Concrete—Reinforced concrete shall con- unless sp
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C478 − 12 C478 − 12
Standard Specification for
1
Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C478; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
PART I—GENERAL
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of
circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.
1.2 Part I, Sections 1-11, of this specification presents general requirements and requirements that are common to each precast
concrete product covered by this specification.
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific requirements for each manhole product in the following sections:
Product Section
Grade Rings 12
Flat Slab Tops 13
Risers and Conical Tops 14
Base Sections 15
Steps and Ladders 16
NOTE 1—Future products will to be included in Part II in a future revision of this specification.
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to Specification C478M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the
specification.
NOTE 2—This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship
between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however, that the
successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care in the field
installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes. The owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is cautioned to require
inspection at the construction site.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholes and Specials.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C478 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/C0478-12.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C478 − 12
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A1064/A1064M Specification for Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing Concrete
3
2.2 ACI Standard:
318 Building Code, Requirements for Reinforced Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to precast reinforced concrete manholes, see Terminology C822.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 General material requirements for precast reinforced concrete manhole products are presented in 4.1.1-4.1.8. Other materials
or additional requirements for a product, if any, are covered in the Part II section for that specific product.
4.1.1 Reinforced Concrete—Reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in
which steel reinforcement has been embedded in such a manner so that the steel reinforcement and concrete act together.
4.1.2 Cementitious Materials:
4.1.2.1 Cement—Cement shall conform to the requirements for portland cement of Specification C150, or shall be p
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C478–11 Designation: C478 – 12
Standard Specification for
1
Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C478; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
PART I—GENERAL
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of
circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.
1.2 Part I, Sections 1-11, of this specification presents general requirements and requirements that are common to each precast
concrete product covered by this specification.
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific requirements for each manhole product in the following sections:
Product Section
Grade Rings 12
Flat Slab Tops 13
Risers and Conical Tops 14
Base Sections 15
Steps and Ladders 16
NOTE 1—Future products will to be included in Part II in a future revision of this specification.
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to Specification C478M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the
specification.
NOTE 2—This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship
between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however, that the
successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care in the field
installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes. The owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is cautioned to require
inspection at the construction site.
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC13onConcretePipeandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC13.06onManholesandSpecials.
Current edition approved Nov.April 1, 2011.2012. Published November 2011.May 2012. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20092011 as
C478–09.C478 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/C0478-112.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C478 – 12
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: A82/A82MSpecification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement
A185/A185MSpecification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for Concrete
A496/A496MSpecification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement
A497/A497MSpecification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Deformed, for Concrete
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A1064/A1064M Specification for Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing Concrete
3
2.2 ACI Standard:
318 Building Code, Requirements for Reinforced Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to precast reinforced concrete manholes, see Terminology C822.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Generalmaterialrequirementsforprecastreinforcedconcretemanholeproductsarepresentedin4.1.1-4.1.8.Othermaterials
or additional requirements for a product, if any, are covered in the Part II section for that specific product.
4.1.1 Reinforced Concrete—Reinforced concrete shall consist of
...
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