ASTM C990-09(2019)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants
Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants
ABSTRACT
This specification covers joints for precast concrete pipe and box and other sections using preformed flexible joint sealants for use in storm sewers and culverts which are not intended to operate under internal pressure, or are not subject to infiltration or exfiltration limits. Joint material used in horizontal applications is intended to prevent the flow of solids through the joint. The acceptability of the pipe joint and sealant shall be determined by the results of the physical tests prescribed. Bitumen sealants shall be produced from asphalts, hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing compounds reinforced with inert mineral filler and shall contain no solvents. Butyl rubber sealants shall be produced from blends of butyl rubber and refined hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing compounds reinforced with inert mineral filler and shall contain no solvents. The joint design shall consist of a bell or groove on one end of the section and a spigot or tongue on the adjacent end of the joining section. The different test methods for the determination of the composition and physical properties of bitumen or butyl sealants are presented in details. The sections shall be tested hydrostatically in vertical alignment and a sufficient number of sections shall be assembled in straight alignment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers joints for precast concrete pipe and box, and other sections using preformed flexible joint sealants for use in storm sewers and culverts which are not intended to operate under internal pressure, or are not subject to infiltration or exfiltration limits. Joint material used in horizontal applications is intended to prevent the flow of solids through the joint.
1.2 For precast concrete manhole sections and other vertical structures, which are subject to internal or external pressure, infiltration or exfiltration limits are not prohibited from being specified. Joints in vertical structures covered by this specification are intended mainly to prevent the flow of solids or fluids through the joint.
1.3 This specification is to be used with pipe and structures conforming in all respects to Specifications C14, C76, C478, C506, C507, C655, C985, C1433, C1504, and C1577, provided that if there is a conflict in permissible variations in dimensions, the requirements of this specification shall govern.
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to C990M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the specification.
Note 1: This specification covers the material and performance of the joint and sealant only. Infiltration and exfiltration quantities for installed sections are dependent on factors other than the joints which must be covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C990 −09 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box
Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This specification covers joints for precast concrete pipe
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and box, and other sections using preformed flexible joint
sealants for use in storm sewers and culverts which are not
2. Referenced Documents
intended to operate under internal pressure, or are not subject
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to infiltration or exfiltration limits. Joint material used in
C14 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm
horizontal applications is intended to prevent the flow of solids
Drain, and Culvert Pipe
through the joint.
C76 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm
1.2 For precast concrete manhole sections and other vertical
Drain, and Sewer Pipe
structures, which are subject to internal or external pressure,
C478 Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete
infiltration or exfiltration limits are not prohibited from being
Manhole Sections
specified. Joints in vertical structures covered by this specifi-
C506 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert,
cation are intended mainly to prevent the flow of solids or
Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
fluids through the joint.
C507 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical
1.3 This specification is to be used with pipe and structures Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
conforming in all respects to Specifications C14, C76, C478,
C655 Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load
C506,C507,C655,C985,C1433,C1504,andC1577,provided Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
that if there is a conflict in permissible variations in
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
dimensions, the requirements of this specification shall govern. Products
C972 Test Method for Compression-Recovery of Tape Seal-
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to
ant
C990M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the
C985 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Specified
specification.
Strength Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
NOTE 1—This specification covers the material and performance of the
C1433 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Mono-
joint and sealant only. Infiltration and exfiltration quantities for installed
sections are dependent on factors other than the joints which must be
lithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and
covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed
Sewers
pipeline.
C1504 Specification for Manufacture of Precast Reinforced
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Concrete Three-Sided Structures for Culverts and Storm
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Drains
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C1577 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Mono-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
lithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Sewers Designed According to AASHTO LRFD
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
D4 Test Method for Bitumen Content
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D6/D6M Test Method for Loss on Heating of Oil and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Asphaltic Compounds
D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen
(Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.08 on Joints for
Precast Concrete Structures. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2019. Published September 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approvedin1991.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2014asC990 – 09(2014).DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0990-09R19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C990 − 09 (2019)
D71 Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch and
Tolerance
Length, % + 5, − 0
Asphalt (Displacement Method)
Cross sectional area, % + 10, − 5
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Volume, in. /linear ft, % + 5, − 5
A
Open Cup Tester
Cross-sectional dimensions, in., % + 10, − 5
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Asphalt Materials
A
Dimensions in the field may vary from preformed dimensions.
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
Grease
6. Physical Requirements for Sealants
D297 Test Methods for Rubber Products—Chemical Analy-
6.1 Bitumen Sealants:
sis
6.1.1 Bitumen sealants shall comply with the following
2.2 AASHTO Standards:
composition and physical requirements. Testing shall be in
T47 Test for Loss of Heating of Oil and Asphaltic Com-
accordance with the methods prescribed in Section 9.
pounds
Hydrocarbon Blends, % by weight 50 min
T48 Test for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup
Ash-Inert Mineral Matter, % by weight 25 min
T51 Test for Ductility of Bituminous Material
Volatile Matter, % by weight 3 max
Specific Gravity at 77°F 1.15 to 1.40
T111 Test for Inorganic Matter or Ash
Ductility at 77°F, cm 5 min
T229 Test for Specific Gravity of Asphalts and Tar Pitches
Flash Point, C.O.C. 350°F min
Sufficiently Solid to be Handled in Fragments
Fire Point, C.O.C. 375°F min
Softening Point 320°F min
Compression Index at 77°F, lbf/in 100 max
3. Terminology
Compression Index at 32°F, lbf/in 350 max
Cone Penetration at 77°F, 150 g, 5 s, dmm 50 to 120
3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtoconcrete
Cone Penetration at 32°F, 150 g, 5 s, dmm 15 min
pipe, see Terminology C822.
Chemical Resistance No deterioration, no cracking,
no swelling
4. Basis of Acceptance
6.2 Butyl Rubber Sealant:
6.2.1 Butyl rubber sealants (elastomeric polymer shall be
4.1 The acceptability of the pipe joint and sealant shall be
butyl rubber only) shall comply with the following composi-
determinedbytheresultsofthephysicaltestsprescribedinthis
tion and physical requirements. Testing shall be in accordance
specification, if and when required, and by inspection to
with the methods prescribed in Section 9.
determine whether the pipe joint and the sealant conform to
Butyl Rubber (hydrocarbon blends), % by weight 50 min
this specification as to design and freedom from defects.
Ash-Inert Mineral Matter, % by weight 30 min
Volatile Matter, % by weight 3 max
5. Materials and Manufacture for Sealants
Specific Gravity at 77°F 1.15 to 1.40
Ductility at 77°F, cm 5.0 min
5.1 Bitumen sealants shall be produced from asphalts,
Flash Point, C.O.C. 350°F min
Fire Point, C.O.C. 375°F min
hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing compounds reinforced
Compression Index at 77°F, lbf/in. 100 max
with inert mineral filler and shall contain no solvents. Butyl
at 32°F, lbf/in. 200 max
rubber sealants shall be produced from blends of butyl rubber
Cone Penetration at 77°F, dmm 50 to 120
and refined hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing compounds at 32°F, dmm 30 min
Chemical Resistance No deterioration, no
reinforced with inert mineral filler and shall contain no
cracking, no swelling
solvents.
7. Design of Joints
5.2 Blends of material used in the manufacture of flexible
joint sealants shall be approved by the owner and meet the 7.1 The pipe manufacturer shall furnish the owner with the
detailed design of the joint. The sealant manufacturer shall
compositionandphysicalrequirementsprescribedinSection6.
The joint sealant shall not depend on oxidizing, evaporating, or furnish a complete list of joint sizes showing the minimum size
of material to be used with each size joint, along with complete
chemical action for its adhesive or cohesive strength and shall
be supplied preformed and of suitable cross section and size to instructions on recommended installation procedures.
7.1.1 The joint design shall consist of a bel
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C990 − 09 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box
Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This specification covers joints for precast concrete pipe
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and box, and other sections using preformed flexible joint
sealants for use in storm sewers and culverts which are not
2. Referenced Documents
intended to operate under internal pressure, or are not subject
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to infiltration or exfiltration limits. Joint material used in
C14 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm
horizontal applications is intended to prevent the flow of solids
Drain, and Culvert Pipe
through the joint.
C76 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm
1.2 For precast concrete manhole sections and other vertical
Drain, and Sewer Pipe
structures, which are subject to internal or external pressure,
C478 Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete
infiltration or exfiltration limits are not prohibited from being
Manhole Sections
specified. Joints in vertical structures covered by this specifi-
C506 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert,
cation are intended mainly to prevent the flow of solids or
Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
fluids through the joint.
C507 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical
1.3 This specification is to be used with pipe and structures
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
conforming in all respects to Specifications C14, C76, C478, C655 Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load
C506, C507, C655, C985, C1433, C1504, and C1577, provided
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
that if there is a conflict in permissible variations in C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
dimensions, the requirements of this specification shall govern.
Products
C972 Test Method for Compression-Recovery of Tape Seal-
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to
ant
C990M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the
C985 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Specified
specification.
Strength Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
NOTE 1—This specification covers the material and performance of the
joint and sealant only. Infiltration and exfiltration quantities for installed C1433 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Mono-
sections are dependent on factors other than the joints which must be
lithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and
covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed
Sewers
pipeline.
C1504 Specification for Manufacture of Precast Reinforced
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Concrete Three-Sided Structures for Culverts and Storm
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Drains
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C1577 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Mono-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
lithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Sewers Designed According to AASHTO LRFD
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
D4 Test Method for Bitumen Content
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D6/D6M Test Method for Loss on Heating of Oil and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Asphaltic Compounds
D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen
(Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.08 on Joints for
Precast Concrete Structures. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2019. Published September 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C990 – 09(2014). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0990-09R19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C990 − 09 (2019)
D71 Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch and
Tolerance
Length, % + 5, − 0
Asphalt (Displacement Method)
Cross sectional area, % + 10, − 5
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Volume, in. /linear ft, % + 5, − 5
A
Open Cup Tester
Cross-sectional dimensions, in., % + 10, − 5
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Asphalt Materials
A
Dimensions in the field may vary from preformed dimensions.
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
Grease
6. Physical Requirements for Sealants
D297 Test Methods for Rubber Products—Chemical Analy-
6.1 Bitumen Sealants:
sis
6.1.1 Bitumen sealants shall comply with the following
2.2 AASHTO Standards:
composition and physical requirements. Testing shall be in
T47 Test for Loss of Heating of Oil and Asphaltic Com-
accordance with the methods prescribed in Section 9.
pounds
Hydrocarbon Blends, % by weight 50 min
T48 Test for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup
Ash-Inert Mineral Matter, % by weight 25 min
T51 Test for Ductility of Bituminous Material
Volatile Matter, % by weight 3 max
Specific Gravity at 77°F 1.15 to 1.40
T111 Test for Inorganic Matter or Ash
Ductility at 77°F, cm 5 min
T229 Test for Specific Gravity of Asphalts and Tar Pitches
Flash Point, C.O.C. 350°F min
Sufficiently Solid to be Handled in Fragments
Fire Point, C.O.C. 375°F min
Softening Point 320°F min
Compression Index at 77°F, lbf/in 100 max
3. Terminology 3
Compression Index at 32°F, lbf/in 350 max
Cone Penetration at 77°F, 150 g, 5 s, dmm 50 to 120
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete
Cone Penetration at 32°F, 150 g, 5 s, dmm 15 min
pipe, see Terminology C822.
Chemical Resistance No deterioration, no cracking,
no swelling
4. Basis of Acceptance
6.2 Butyl Rubber Sealant:
6.2.1 Butyl rubber sealants (elastomeric polymer shall be
4.1 The acceptability of the pipe joint and sealant shall be
butyl rubber only) shall comply with the following composi-
determined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in this
tion and physical requirements. Testing shall be in accordance
specification, if and when required, and by inspection to
with the methods prescribed in Section 9.
determine whether the pipe joint and the sealant conform to
Butyl Rubber (hydrocarbon blends), % by weight 50 min
this specification as to design and freedom from defects.
Ash-Inert Mineral Matter, % by weight 30 min
Volatile Matter, % by weight 3 max
5. Materials and Manufacture for Sealants
Specific Gravity at 77°F 1.15 to 1.40
Ductility at 77°F, cm 5.0 min
5.1 Bitumen sealants shall be produced from asphalts,
Flash Point, C.O.C. 350°F min
hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing compounds reinforced Fire Point, C.O.C. 375°F min
Compression Index at 77°F, lbf/in. 100 max
with inert mineral filler and shall contain no solvents. Butyl
at 32°F, lbf/in. 200 max
rubber sealants shall be produced from blends of butyl rubber
Cone Penetration at 77°F, dmm 50 to 120
at 32°F, dmm 30 min
and refined hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing compounds
Chemical Resistance No deterioration, no
reinforced with inert mineral filler and shall contain no
cracking, no swelling
solvents.
7. Design of Joints
5.2 Blends of material used in the manufacture of flexible
7.1 The pipe manufacturer shall furnish the owner with the
joint sealants shall be approved by the owner and meet the
composition and physical requirements prescribed in Section 6. detailed design of the joint. The sealant manufacturer shall
furnish a complete list of joint sizes showing the minimum size
The joint sealant shall not depend on oxidizing, evaporating, or
chemical action for its adhesive or cohesive strength and shall of material to be used with each size joint, along with complete
instructions on recommended installation procedures.
be supplied preformed and of suitable cross section and size to
7.1.1 The joint design shall consist of a bell or groove on
seal the joint annular space when the sections are joined. For a
given joint
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C990 − 09 (Reapproved 2014) C990 − 09 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box
Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers joints for precast concrete pipe and box, and other sections using preformed flexible joint sealants
for use in storm sewers and culverts which are not intended to operate under internal pressure, or are not subject to infiltration or
exfiltration limits. Joint material used in horizontal applications is intended to prevent the flow of solids through the joint.
1.2 For precast concrete manhole sections and other vertical structures, which are subject to internal or external pressure,
infiltration or exfiltration limits are not prohibited from being specified. Joints in vertical structures covered by this specification
are intended mainly to prevent the flow of solids or fluids through the joint.
1.3 This specification is to be used with pipe and structures conforming in all respects to Specifications C14, C76, C478, C506,
C507, C655, C985, C1433, C1504, and C1577, provided that if there is a conflict in permissible variations in dimensions, the
requirements of this specification shall govern.
1.4 This specification is the inch-pound companion to C990M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the specification.
NOTE 1—This specification covers the material and performance of the joint and sealant only. Infiltration and exfiltration quantities for installed sections
are dependent on factors other than the joints which must be covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C14 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe
C76 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C478 Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
C506 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C507 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C655 Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C972 Test Method for Compression-Recovery of Tape Sealant
C985 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Specified Strength Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C1433 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers
C1504 Specification for Manufacture of Precast Reinforced Concrete Three-Sided Structures for Culverts and Storm Drains
C1577 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers Designed
According to AASHTO LRFD
D4 Test Method for Bitumen Content
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.08 on Joints for Precast
Concrete Structures.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014Sept. 1, 2019. Published May 2014September 2019. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
C990 – 09.C990 – 09(2014). DOI: 10.1520/C0990-09R14.10.1520/C0990-09R19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C990 − 09 (2019)
D6D6/D6M Test Method for Loss on Heating of Oil and Asphaltic Compounds
D36D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
D71 Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch and Asphalt (Displacement Method)
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Asphalt Materials
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease
D297 Test Methods for Rubber Products—Chemical Analysis
2.2 AASHTO Standards:
T47 Test for Loss of Heating of Oil and Asphaltic Compounds
T48 Test for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup
T51 Test for Ductility of Bituminous Material
T111 Test for Inorganic Matter or Ash
T229 Test for Specific Gravity of Asphalts and Tar Pitches Sufficiently Solid to be Handled in Fragments
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. Basis of Acceptance
4.1 The acceptability of the pipe joint and sealant shall be determined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in this
specification, if and when required, and by inspection to determine whether the pipe joint and the sealant conform to this
specification as to design and freedom from defects.
5. Materials and Manufacture for Sealants
5.1 Bitumen sealants shall be produced from asphalts, hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing compounds reinforced with inert
mineral filler and shall contain no solvents. Butyl rubber sealants shall be produced from blends of butyl rubber and refined
hydrocarbon resins and plasticizing compounds reinforced with inert mineral filler and shall contain no solvents.
5.2 Blends of material used in the manufacture of flexible joint sealants shall be approved by the owner and meet the
composition and physical requirements prescribed in Section 6. The joint sealant shall not depend on oxidizing, evaporating, or
chemical action for its adhesive or cohesive strength and shall be supplied preformed and of suitable cross section and size to seal
the joint annular space when the sections are joined. For a given joint size, the sealing material, as furnished, shall be such so as
to encircle the outside circumference of the spigot or tongue of the joint or the inside circumference of the bell or groove and shall
not be stretched when seated in the joint. Sealant material shall be furnished in the required length and cross-dimensions, and the
dimensions shall be clearly marked. Sealant material shall be preformed to the following specified tolerances:
Tolerance
Length, % + 5, − 0
Cross sectional area, % + 10, − 5
Volume, in. /linear ft, % + 5, − 5
A
Cross-sectional dimensions, in., % + 10, − 5
A
Dimensions in the field may vary from preformed dimensions.
6. Physical Requirements for Sealants
6.1 Bitumen Sealants:
6.1.1 Bitumen sealants shall comply with the following composition and physical requirements. Testing shall be in accordance
with the methods prescribed in Section 9.
Hydrocarbon Blends, % by weight 50 min
Ash-Inert Mineral Matter, % by weight 25 min
Volatile Matter, % by weight 3 max
Specific Gravity at 77°F 1.15 to 1.40
Ductility at 77°F, cm 5 min
Flash Point, C.O.C. 350°F min
Fire Point, C.O.C. 375°F min
Softening Point 320°F min
Compression Index at 77°F, lbf/in 100 max
Compression Index at 32°F, lbf/in 350 max
Cone Penetration at 77°F, 150 g, 5 s, dmm 50 to 120
Cone Penetration at 32°F, 150 g, 5 s, dmm 15 min
Chemical Resistance No deterioration, no cracking,
no swelling
Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 444 N. Capitol St., NW, Suite 249, Washington, DC 20001,
http://www.transportation.org.
C990 − 09 (2019)
6.2 Butyl Rubber Sealant:
6.2.1 Butyl rubber sealants (elastomeric polymer shall be butyl rubber only) shall comply with the following composition and
physical requirements. Testing shall be in accordance with the meth
...
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