ASTM D5266-99
(Practice)Standard Practice for Estimating the Percentage of Wood Failure in Adhesive Bonded Joints
Standard Practice for Estimating the Percentage of Wood Failure in Adhesive Bonded Joints
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides procedures for estimating the percentage of wood failure that occurs in plywood-shear, block-shear, finger joint test specimens, or any other bondline involving wood.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D5266–99
Standard Practice for
Estimating the Percentage of Wood Failure in Adhesive
Bonded Joints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5266; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Products—Structural Glued, Laminated Timber
2.3 Other Standards:
1.1 This practice provides procedures for estimating the
American Plywood Association Proposed Standard Method
percentage of wood failure that occurs in plywood-shear,
for Estimating Percentage Wood Failure on Plywood
block-shear, finger joint test specimens, or any other bondline
Shear Specimens
involving wood.
PS 1 U.S. Product Standard for Construction and Industrial
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Plywood
standard. The values in parentheses are provided for informa-
Wood Handbook: Wood as an Engineering Material, Agri-
tion purposes only.
cultural Handbook No. 72, Forest Service, Forest Prod-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ucts Laboratory (1987)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Inspection Bureau Memorandum No. 1 Interpretation of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Wood Failure
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2.4 ASTM Adjunct:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Photographs forVisually Estimating the Percentage ofWood
2. Referenced Documents
Failure in Standard Adhesively Bonded Specimens
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Terminology
D 905 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive
3.1 Definitions:
Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading
3.1.1 deep wood failure, n—failure that is invariably several
D 906 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in
to many cells away from the adhesive layer, in which the
Plywood Type Construction in Shear by Tension Loading
fracture path is strongly influenced by the grain angle and
D 2559 Specification for Adhesives for Structural Lami-
growth–ring structure.
nated Wood Products for Use Under Exterior (Wet Use)
3.1.2 shallow wood failure, n—failure that is invariably
Exposure Conditions
within the first one or two layers of cells beyond the adhesive
D 4688 Test Methods for Evaluating Structural Adhesives
layer in which the fracture path is not influenced by the
for Finger Jointing Lumber
wood–grain angle or growth-ring structure (see 7.7 and 8.1).
D 5572 Specification for Adhesives Used for Finger Joints
3.1.3 wood failure, n—the rupturing of wood fibers in
in Nonstructural Lumber Products
strength tests on bonded specimens, usually expressed as the
D 5751 Specification for Adhesives Used for Laminate
percentage of the total area involved which shows such failure.
Joints in Nonstructural Lumber Products
2.2 American National Standards:
4. Significance and Use
ANSI/HPMA HP American National Standard for Hard-
4.1 Wood failure is one of the principal means for deter-
wood and Decorative Plywood
mining the quality of an adhesively bonded wood joint.
ANSI/AITCA190.1 American National Standard for Wood
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D-14 onAdhesives,
Available from American Institute for Timber Construction, 11818 S. E. Mill
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood Adhesives.
Plain Blvd., Suite 415, Vancouver, WA 98684-5092.
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published June 1999. Originally
Available from American Plywood Association, P.O. Box 11700, Tacoma, WA
published as D 5266–92. Last previous edition D 5266–97.
98411-0700.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing
Available from Hardwood Plywood Manufacturers’Association, 1825 Michael
Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Faraday Drive, P.O. Box 2789, Reston, VA 22090-2789.
Available from ASTM Headquarters. Order ADJD5266.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5266
4.2 When evaluated after a water soaking, water soaking
and drying, or boiling and drying, the percentage of wood
failureisanimportantcriterionforqualifyingadhesivesforuse
in plywood and glued laminated structural timber for exterior
use, and for daily quality control of the processes for manu-
facturingplywoodandglued,laminatedtimbers.Standardsthat
use the percentage of wood failure are included in Section 2.
4.3 In plywood manufactured from North American soft-
wood species, the percentage of wood failure of Test Method
D 906 specimens, tested wet after either a vacuum-pressure
soak-dry or boil-dry treatment, correlates with the percentage
of panels that delaminate in outdoor exposure without protec-
tion.
4.4 Similar correlations for other products have not been
published.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Various light sources have been found useful in estimat-
ing wood failure. In determining compliance to standard
specifications, the source must be agreed upon by the user of
this practice and the individual or agency requiring these tests.
5.1.1 Dual-Element Fluorescent Desk Lamp equipped with
one 15 W daylight and one 15 W cool white tube.
NOTE 1—This source is used by theAmerican PlywoodAssociation for
compliance to the commercial standard PS 1.
5.1.2 Circular Fluorescent Desk Lamp with 53 viewing
magnifier in the center of the lamp.
5.1.3 Diffuse Natural Light from a window facing away
from the sun.
5.2 Ruler, with 2.54 mm (0.1-in.) divisions is recommended
as an aid to estimating the area of torn wood fibers. A
NOTE 1—In this case, a standard D 905 shear block is shown.
transparent template, the size of the specimen bond area and
FIG. 1 Example of Plastic Template Scribed with Lines and
scribed with various shapes and areas with known percentages
Shapes Representing Known Percentages of Given Area
of the total area, is also useful for subdividing the area. An
example of such a template is shown in Fig. 1. 7. Procedure
5.3 Low-Power Magnifying Glass,of3to53, with a field
7.1 Work in a location where direct outside light does not
of view able to encompass most of the failed surface, may be
fall on the specimen.
useful for inspecting areas where shallow wood failure is
7.2 Select a light source described in 5.1, and use it
suspected.
consistently.
7.3 Open specimen halves as you would open a book.
6. Preparation of Test Specimens
7.4 Position the specimen below the light source as follows:
6.1 Prepare and test the specimens as outlined in the
7.4.1 Plywood—Hold plywood specimens with the long
appropriate test method.
dimension perpendicular to the line between the light source
6.2 Do not estimate wood failure percentage of specimens
and the eye.
with localized defects such as knots, knotholes, burl, and voids
7.4.2 Parallel Laminates—Ho
...
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