ASTM D3210-95
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Comparing Colors of Films from Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes
Standard Test Method for Comparing Colors of Films from Water-Emulsion Floor Polishes
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers comparing colors of films (or solids) deposited from the emulsified particles in water emul- sion floor polishes. It is based upon luminous reflectance measurements made with tristimulus colorimeters such as the Hunter Color Difference Meter.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
Designation: D 3210 – 95
Standard Test Method for
Comparing Colors of Films from Water-Emulsion Floor
1
Polishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers comparing colors of films (or
4.1 Reflectance measurements are made on exaggerated or
solids) deposited from the emulsified particles in water emul-
heavy dried polish films produced by saturating white filter
sion floor polishes. It is based upon luminous reflectance
paper. The color measurement is expressed as whiteness index.
measurements made with tristimulus colorimeters such as the
2
5. Significance and Use
Hunter Color Difference Meter.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 5.1 Whiteness index obtained from reflectance measure-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
ments on exaggerated dried polish films on filter paper can be
only. used as a measurement of the color of such films.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 Whiteness index may be useful in predicting the poten-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the tial discoloring effect of polish films on flooring substrates.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.3 Whiteness index should be useful in specifications when
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- color comparisons are made with a standard sample polish.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Tristimulus Colorimeter, which gives reflectance read-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ings which in turn are converted by calculations to L, a, and b
E 259 Practice for Preparation of Reference White Reflec- color scale values, or these color scale values may be read
3
tance Standards
directly from an instrument that automatically makes the
calculations. Other apparatus is satisfactory if equivalent re-
3. Terminology
sults are obtained.
3.1 Definition:
6.2 Filter Paper, medium flow rate, cut into strips 76.2 by
3.1.1 whiteness index—a color measurement calculated
152.4 mm (3 in. by 6 in.).
4
from the equation
6.3 Spring Clamp, approximately 76 mm (3 in.) wide, two
are required.
WI 5 L 2 3b (1)
where L and b are values measured directly with the Color NOTE 1—The following instruments are believed to provide color
difference measurements suitable for use with this procedure:
Difference Meter. L measures lightness, which is 100 for
(1) Hunter Color Difference Meter.
perfectly white and zero for black; and b measures yellowness
(2) Color Eye Colorimeter
when plus, blueness when minus, and zero for neutral gray or
(3) General Electric Recording Spectrophotometer.
white. Conversion factors for instruments reading in X, Y, Z
(4) Colormaster Differential Colorimeter.
units are:
(5) Gardner Color Difference Meter.
L 5 10=Yb 5 7.0 ~Y 2 0.847 Z!/=Y (2)
7. Reference Standards
7.1 Primary Standard—The primary standard for reflec-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-21 on tance measurement is a layer of freshly prepared magnesium
Polishes and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance
oxide prepared in accordance with Recommended Practice
Tests.
E 259.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1995. Published May 1996. Originally
7.2 Instrument Standard—Because of the difficulty of pre-
published as D 3210 – 73. Last previous edition D 3210 – 73 (1988).
2
Hunter, R. S., “Photoelectric Color Difference Meter,” Journal of the Optical
paring a primary reflectance standard, calibrated pieces of
Society, Vol. 48, 1958, p. 985.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
4
Hunter, R. S., “Instruments and Test Methods for Control of Whiteness in
Textile Mills,” American Dyestuff Reporter, Vol 56, No. 25, Dec. 4, 1967, pp. 80–87.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 3210
panels of white porcelain enamel or white glass known as and b values) obtained in Section 9. If Y and b were obtained,
Vitrolite may be used as instrument standards. compute L and b using equations in 3.1.
10.2 Calculate the whiteness index for each specimen from
8. Test Specimen
10.1 as follows:
8.1 Fasten a 76.2 by 152.4 mm (3 in. by 6 in.) strip of filter
WI 5 L 2 3b (3)
paper at each end with a spring clamp. Saturate the paper with
the polish to be tested by dipping the paper into a shallow tray
11. Report
containing the polish. Remove the paper and allow it to dry in
a suspended, vertical position for 24 h at ambient conditions of
11.1 Report the following information:
approximately 24°C (75°F) and 50 % relative
...
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