ASTM E2367-05(2014)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Nighttime Chromaticity of Pavement Marking Materials Using a Portable Retroreflection Colorimeter
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Nighttime Chromaticity of Pavement Marking Materials Using a Portable Retroreflection Colorimeter
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chromaticity of the stripe is determined by means of the tristimulus values X, Y and Z for the CIE 1931 (2°) standard observer for CIE standard illuminant A, which are converted to the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) and shown in the CIE 1931 (x, y)-chromaticity diagram. Refer to Practice E308.
5.2 Under the same conditions of illumination and viewing, the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) represent the nighttime color of pavement markings in vehicle headlamp illumination as seen by drivers of the vehicles.
5.3 The chromaticity of pavement (road) markings may change with traffic wear and require periodic measurement to ensure that the chromaticity is maintained within boundaries (see Specification D6628 for examples of color boundaries).
5.4 As specified by CEN EN 1436 and Test Method E1710, the measurement geometry of the instrument is based on a viewing distance of 30 m, a headlamp mounting height of 0.65 m and an eye height of 1.2 m.
5.5 It shall be the responsibility of the user to employ an instrument having the specified observation and entrance angles.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the nighttime chromaticity coordinates (x, y) of horizontal pavement markings, such as traffic stripes and surface symbols, using a portable retroreflection colorimeter that can be placed on the road delineation to measure the chromaticity at a prescribed geometry.
1.2 The entrance and observation angles of the retrorecolorimeter affect the readings. As specified by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN EN 1436), the entrance and observation angles shall be 88.76° and 1.05°, respectively.
1.3 This test method is intended to be used for field measurement of pavement markings but may be used to measure the chromaticity of materials on sample panels before placing the marking material in the field.
1.4 The portable retroreflection colorimeter may integrate measurement of the coefficient of retroreflected luminance RL in accordance with Test Method E1710 and thus be an integrated retroreflectometer/ retroreflection colorimeter.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:E2367 −05 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Nighttime Chromaticity of Pavement
Marking Materials Using a Portable Retroreflection
Colorimeter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2367; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E308PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
the CIE System
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the nighttime
E811Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of
chromaticity coordinates (x, y) of horizontal pavement
Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions
markings, such as traffic stripes and surface symbols, using a
E1710Test Method for Measurement of Retroreflective
portable retroreflection colorimeter that can be placed on the
Pavement Marking Materials with CEN-Prescribed Ge-
road delineation to measure the chromaticity at a prescribed
ometry Using a Portable Retroreflectometer
geometry.
2.2 Other Standard:
1.2 The entrance and observation angles of the retrorecolo-
CEN EN 1436Road Marking Materials—Road Marking
rimeter affect the readings. As specified by the European
Performance for Road Users
Committee for Standardization (CEN EN 1436), the entrance
and observation angles shall be 88.76° and 1.05°, respectively.
3. Terminology
1.3 This test method is intended to be used for field
3.1 The terminology used in this test method generally
measurement of pavement markings but may be used to
agrees with that used in Terminology E284. The definitions
measure the chromaticity of materials on sample panels before
given in Test Method E1710 and Practice E811 apply in this
placing the marking material in the field.
test method as well.
1.4 The portable retroreflection colorimeter may integrate
3.2 Definitions:
measurement of the coefficient of retroreflected luminance R
L
3.2.1 reflection colorimeter, n—an instrument that illumi-
in accordance with Test Method E1710 and thus be an
nates a specimen and applies a colorimeter to the light
integrated retroreflectometer/ retroreflection colorimeter.
reflected.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 retroreflection colorimeter, n—a reflection colorimeter
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for which the illumination (influx) and reception (efflux)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
directions are within a few degrees of each other.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents 4.1 This test method involves the use of portable retrore-
flection colorimeters for determining the chromaticity coordi-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
nates (x, y) of horizontal coatings materials used in pavement
D6628Specification for Color of Pavement Marking Mate-
markings.
rials
E284Terminology of Appearance
4.2 The entrance angle is fixed at 88.76° (co-entrance angle
e of 1.24°).
4.3 The observation angle is fixed at 1.05° (co-viewing
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color
and Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.10 on angle a of 2.29°).
Retroreflection.
4.4 The presentation angle shall be 0° (azimuthal angle b of
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014. Published January 2014. Originally
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E2367 – 05. DOI: 180°).
10.1520/E2367-05R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue
the ASTM website. Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E2367−05 (2014)
4.5 The retroreflection colorimeters use one or more exter- 6.3.1 The retroreflection colorimeter shall demonstrate the
nalpanelsorotherinstrumentstandardsofknownchromaticity capabilitytorepeatablyandreproduciblymeasurevaluesofthe
coordinates (x, y), or known spectral distribution of reflected coefficientofretroreflectedluminanceovertherangefrom100
-2 -1
power P . to 2000 mcd·m ·lx to within 10% of the assigned value. In
Si
exceptional cases, R values can be even higher, up to 3000
L
4.6 Theportableretroreflectioncolorimeterisplacedsothat
-2 -1
mcd·m ·lx .
the measurement area of the retroreflection colorimeter fits
6.3.2 The retroreflection colorimeter shall provide X, Y and
withinthewidthofthestripe,andthereadingsdisplayedbythe
Z tristimulus values according to the CIE 1931 (2°) color
retroreflection colorimeter are recorded.
matching functions. The retroreflection colorimeter must be
4.7 Readings shall be taken for the direction of traffic
able to apply illumination condition correction for CIE illumi-
(supplementary azimuthal angle d of 0°). Readings shall be
nant A, and may either be a tristimulus colorimeter or a
taken for each direction of traffic separately for centerlines.
spectrocolorimeter.
6.3.2.1 A tristimulus colorimeter may have filters that can
5. Significance and Use
be inserted individually in front of a receiver to provide
5.1 Thechromaticityofthestripeisdeterminedbymeansof
matches of the combined spectral distribution of the illumina-
thetristimulusvalues X, Yand ZfortheCIE1931(2°)standard
tion and the spectral responsivity of the receiver to the
observerforCIEstandardilluminantA,whichareconvertedto
combinedspectraldistributionofCIEilluminantAandtheCIE
the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) and shown in the CIE 1931
1931 (2°) x¯(λ), y¯(λ) and z¯(λ) color-matching functions, respec-
(x, y)-chromaticity diagram. Refer to Practice E308.
tively. The x¯(λ) function has two distinct lobes. This may be
5.2 Under the same conditions of illumination and viewing, dealtwithbysplitting x¯(λ)into x¯ (λ)and x¯ (λ),eachwith
short long
the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) represent the nighttime a separate filter. The filters may be manually or automatically
color of pavement markings in vehicle headlamp illumination operated.
as seen by drivers of the vehicles. 6.3.2.2 A spectrocolorimeter may measure the spectral re-
flectance in equal wavelength steps covering at least the
5.3 The chromaticity of pavement (road) markings may
wavelength range from 400 to 700 nm, with a maximum half
change with traffic wear and require periodic measurement to
power bandwidth of 10 nm in maximum step increment of 10
ensure that the chromaticity is maintained within boundaries
nm and from these data derive X, Y and Z tristimulus values.
(see Specification D6628 for examples of color boundaries).
NOTE 1—It is expected that a future version of this test method will
5.4 As specified by CEN EN 1436 andTest Method E1710,
include measurement of pavement marking chromaticity under lighting
the measurement geometry of the instrument is based on a
systemsotherthantungstenapproximatingCIEstandardilluminantA.For
viewing distance of 30 m, a headlamp mounting height of 0.65
some of these, a 5 nanometer half power bandwidth and 5 nanometer
m and an eye height of 1.2 m.
increment is recommended.
NOTE 2—Use of filters provides larger signals than measurement of the
5.5 It shall be the responsibility of the user to employ an
spectral distribution.
instrument having the specified observation and entrance
6.3.3 The retroreflection colorimeter shall determine the
angles.
chromaticity coordinates (x, y) for CIE A and the CIE 1931
6. Apparatus
Observer of white and yellow pavement markings with a value
of the coefficient of retroreflected luminance R of 100
L
6.1 Portable Retroreflection Colorimeter:
-2 -1
mcd·m ·lx ,orhigher,withaminimumreproduciblyof0.005
6.1.1 The retroreflection colorimeter shall be portable, with
in both x and y, when calibrated and used according to the
the capability to be placed on various horizontal pavement
instrument manufacturers instructions.
markings in different locations.
6.3.4 The retroreflection colorimeter shall comply with
6.1.2 The retroreflection colorimeter shall be constructed so
requirements of Test Method E1710, Receiver Requirements
that placement on the highway pavement markings will pre-
sections concerning respectively receiver aperture, combined
clude any stray light entering the measurement area of the
stability of the output of the light source and receiver, and
instrument and affecting the reading. This may be done by
linearity.
shieldingagainststraylight,orbysubtractionofthestraylight
reading, or both. Alternatively, the retroreflection colorimeter
6.4 Measurement Geometry:
shallproduceawarningsignalwhenstraylightcouldaffectthe
6.4.1 The measurement geometry shall comply with re-
reading.
quirements of Test Method E1710, Measurement Geometry
6.1.3 For the convenience of the user, a marking shall be
section.
placed on the instrument to permit it to be aligned with the
directionoftraffic,ortheinstrumentdesignshallitselfindicate
7. Standardization and Procedure
the measu
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