ASTM F2130-11(2018)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Repellency, Retention, and Penetration of Liquid Pesticide Formulation Through Protective Clothing Materials (Withdrawn 2023)
Standard Test Method for Measuring Repellency, Retention, and Penetration of Liquid Pesticide Formulation Through Protective Clothing Materials (Withdrawn 2023)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used for laboratory screening of protective clothing material used to manufacture garments and accessories worn by pesticide workers.
5.2 This test method can be used for the development and evaluation of new protective clothing materials.
5.3 This test method can be used for the evaluation of protective clothing materials against new pesticide formulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures repellency, retention, and penetration of a known volume of liquid pesticide when applied to protective clothing material. No external hydrostatic or mechanical pressure is applied to the test specimen during or after the application of the liquid pesticide.
1.2 This test method is designed to measure performance of protective clothing materials at two levels of contamination. Low level of contamination is achieved by applying 0.1 mL liquid formulation and high level by applying 0.2 mL.
1.3 This test method does not measure resistance to permeation or degradation.
1.4 This test method is suitable for field-strength pesticide formulations. This test method may not be suitable for testing protective clothing materials against volatile pesticides.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method measured repellency, retention, and penetration of a known volume of liquid pesticide when applied to protective clothing material.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F23 on Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment, this test method was withdrawn in November 2023. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2130 − 11 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Repellency, Retention, and Penetration of Liquid
Pesticide Formulation Through Protective Clothing
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2130; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The health and safety of agricultural workers involved in the mixing, loading, and application of
liquidpesticidescanbeaffectedbydermalexposuretoliquidpesticideformulations.Useofprotective
clothingcanassistinminimizingthedangerofcontactwithpotentiallyharmfulpesticides.Nonporous
materials that provide excellent protection to the user are usually not suitable for many agricultural
environments in which there is a potential for heat stress. Therefore, garments made of porous
materials that can provide a balance between risk from pesticide exposure and user comfort can also
be used as personal protective equipment (PPE) for agricultural workers. The movement of liquid
pesticides through these materials is primarily a result of penetration through spaces between fibers
and interstices between yarns. As these materials provide protection either by repelling or retaining
liquid pesticide, the measurement of these properties is also important. This test method is used to
measure repellency, retention, and penetration of liquid pesticides through protective clothing
materials.
The degree of contamination depends on numerous factors such as type of exposure, application
technique, and pesticide formulation. Worker exposure to liquid pesticides can range from low
exposure caused by spray drift to high exposure as in the case of an accidental spill while mixing or
handling concentrates.As the level of exposure can vary considerably, this test method is designed to
rate relative performance of PPE materials at two levels of contamination.
1. Scope 1.3 This test method does not measure resistance to perme-
ation or degradation.
1.1 This test method measures repellency, retention, and
penetration of a known volume of liquid pesticide when
1.4 This test method is suitable for field-strength pesticide
appliedtoprotectiveclothingmaterial.Noexternalhydrostatic
formulations. This test method may not be suitable for testing
ormechanicalpressureisappliedtothetestspecimenduringor
protective clothing materials against volatile pesticides.
after the application of the liquid pesticide.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
1.2 This test method is designed to measure performance of
standard.
protective clothing materials at two levels of contamination.
Low level of contamination is achieved by applying 0.1mL 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
liquid formulation and high level by applying 0.2 mL. safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF23onPersonal
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ProtectiveClothingandEquipmentandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
F23.30 on Chemicals.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2018.PublishedJuly2018.Originallyapproved
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2130–11. DOI: 10.1520/
F2130-11R18. ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2130 − 11 (2018)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.1.8 repellency, n—characteristic to resist wetting and pen-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical etration by a liquid.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.9 test chemical, n—solid,liquid,gas,ormixturethereof,
used to evaluate the performance of a protective clothing
2. Referenced Documents
material.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.9.1 Discussion—Forthepurposeofthistestmethod,test
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
chemical is limited to liquid chemicals that are a mixture of
E105Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
raw materials including, but not limited to, active ingredients,
F1494Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
inert ingredients, and a base solvent used in pesticide formu-
lation. Additional ingredients could include emulsifiers and
3. Terminology
surfactants. Solvents used in the formulation could be water,
3.1 Definitions:
isopropyl alcohol, or petroleum distillate. Solid materials
3.1.1 analytical technique, n—a procedure whereby the
(powders, granules, and so forth) may be dissolved or emulsi-
concentration of the test chemical in a collection medium is
fied to form a liquid or suspension.These formulations may be
quantitatively determined.
ready to use or concentrates that require dilution to field
3.1.1.1 Discussion—These techniques are often specific to
strength. In some ultra-low-volume applications, concentrated
individual chemical and collection medium combinations.
oil-based formulations are used without dilution; testing for
Applicable techniques include, but are not limited to, flame
this application is beyond the scope of this test method.
ionization, photo ionization, electro-chemical, ultraviolet, and
3.1.10 Forothertextileterminology,seeTerminologyD123.
infrared spectrophotometry, gas and liquid chromatography,
3.1.11 Forotherprotectiveclothingterminology,seeTermi-
colorimetry, length-of-stain detector tubes, and radionuclide
nology F1494.
tagging/detection counting.
3.1.2 coated fabric, n—flexible material composed of a
4. Summary of Test Method
textile fabric and an adherent polymeric or other material
applied to one or both surfaces.
4.1 Apipettorisusedtoapplyliquidpesticidetothesurface
of the test assembly. The test assembly consists of single- or
3.1.3 degradation, n—deleterious change in one or more
multiple-layer protective clothing material (test specimen) and
properties of a material.
an absorbent paper backed by polyethylene film (collector
3.1.4 penetration, n—for chemical protective clothing, the
layer).
movement of substances through voids in protective clothing
4.1.1 Another absorbent paper backed by polyethylene film
materials or items on a non-molecular level.
is placed on the surface test specimen after a specified time to
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Voids include gaps, pores, holes, and
remove the remaining liquid.
imperfections in closures, seams, interfaces, and protective
4.1.2 The contaminated test specimen, collector layer, and
clothing materials. Penetration does not require a change of
paperusedtoremoveliquidfromthesurfaceofthematerialare
state; solid chemicals move through voids in the materials as
separated and extracted.
solids, liquids as liquids, and gases as gases. Penetration is a
distinctly different mechanism from permeation.
4.1.3 The extracts are analyzed quantitatively.
4.1.4 Dataareusedtocalculatepercentrepellency,pesticide
3.1.5 permeation, n—for chemical protective clothing, the
retention, and penetration.
movement of chemicals, as molecules, through protective
clothing materials by the processes of: (1) absorption of the
chemical into the contact surface of the material, (2) diffusion 5. Significance and Use
of the absorbed molecules throughout the material, and (3)
5.1 Thistestmethodcanbeusedforlaboratoryscreeningof
desorption of the chemical from the opposite surface of the
protective clothing material used to manufacture garments and
material.
accessories worn by pesticide workers.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Permeation is a distinctly different
mechanism from penetration. 5.2 This test method can be used for the development and
evaluation of new protective clothing materials.
3.1.6 pesticide retention, n—amount of pesticide active
ingredient retained in the protective clothing material.
5.3 This test method can be used for the evaluation of
protective clothing materials against new pesticide formula-
3.1.7 protective clothing, n—an item of clothing that is
tions.
specifically designed and constructed for the intended purpose
of isolating all or part of the body from a potential hazard; or,
isolating the external environment from contamination by the 6. Apparatus and Materials
wearer of the clothing.
6.1 Apparatusandmaterialsforcontaminationoftestspeci-
men:
6.1.1 Test Chemical, to contaminate the test specimen.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on NOTE 1—Diluted and concentrated formulations can be used with this
the ASTM website. test method.
F2130 − 11 (2018)
6.1.2 Pipettor, with disposable pipet tip, mounted on a 8. Selection of Analytical Technique
support stand, for pipetting 0.1 6 0.002 mL of liquid for low
8.1 The procedure used to quantify the mass of test
contamination level and 0.2 6 0.004 mL for high contamina-
chemical/liquidinthetestspecimenandabsorbentpapersshall
tion level.
be determined before conducting the tests. The selection of
6.1.3 Specimen Holder, that consists of a base plate (100 by
procedure for analysis is based on the liquid test chemical
100 mm) and a cover plate (100 by 100 mm with a 60 by
selected.
60-mmopeninginthecenter).Thespecimenholderismadeof
8.1.1 Gravimetric analysis can be used if the liquid test
polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (4-mm thickness).
chemicalhas:(1)alowevaporationrate,and(2)nofiltrationor
6.1.4 Timer, accurate to 1 s.
selective retention of ingredients. Typically, pesticide formu-
6.1.5 Absorbent Paper—Two 80 by 80-mm squares of
lations that are categorized as emulsifiable concentrates (rela-
Whatman Benchkote Plus Paper (absorbent paper backed by
tively small particle size) and liquid concentrates (water-based
polyethylene film) per test specimen. One square is used to
solution concentrate with no particles) meet the criteria.
measure penetration, and the second to measure repellency.
8.1.2 Analytical techniques such as gas chromatography or
NOTE 2—Substitutions are not recommended, as due to differences in
high-pressure liquid chromatography can be used for formula-
sorptive properties, use of absorbent papers other than Benchkote Plus
tions with an active ingredient. This requires extraction (in
may affect the test results.
most cases) and analysis of the active ingredient.
6.1.6 Container, to discard contaminated materials.
8.1.3 Use Method A if the gravimetric method is used for
6.1.7 Fume Hood, with airflow control and a glass door.
analysis. Use Method B if the procedure requires extraction
and analysis of active ingredient.
6.2 Apparatus for Analysis Using Method A:
6.2.1 Balance, accurate to 0.001 g.
9. Preparation of Test Apparatus and Materials
6.2.2 Tweezers.
6.2.3 Transparency Film—A 100 by 100-mm square, cut
9.1 Calibration of the Pipettor:
fromcleartransparencyfilmorsimilarmaterialmadeofplastic
9.1.1 Calibration with Distilled Water:
film.
9.1.1.1 Calibrate the pipettor by weighing 0.1 mL (0.2 mL
for higher contamination level) of distilled water. Take ten
6.3 Apparatus for Analysis Using Method B:
readings. The values shall be within the 2% tolerance limits.
6.3.1 Solvent, appropriate for extraction of pesticide.
9.1.2 Calibration with Liquid Test Chemical:
NOTE 3—Selection of the solvent is dependent on the pesticide and the
9.1.2.1 The pipettor shall be calibrated by each operator
analytical method used. A minimum extraction efficiency of 95% is
before conducting the tests. Use the same tip to dispense the
required. Procedure to calculate extraction efficiency is given in 11.2.1.
Solvent with high volatility may not be appropriate, as there may be
test aliquot (0.1 or 0.2 mL) and record the weight to the third
evaporation loss during handling operations.
decimal place (0.001). Take ten readings. Each value shall be
6.3.2 Airtight, Chemically Resistant Flasks/Bottles, suitable within the 2% tolerance limits. Calculate the mean of ten
for extraction of pesticides. readings. The mean value shall be used as the value for total
6.3.3 Tweezers. amount of the liquid test chemical applied for Method A in
10.2.
6.3.4 Timer, to measure time in minutes.
6.3.5 50 6 0.2-mL Graduated Cylinder—Bottle-top dis-
NOTE4—Experienceoftheoperatorinpipettingtheliquidtestchemical
penser or other apparatus for accurate measurement of solvent.
according to the procedure provided by the manufacturer is crucial.
6.3.6 Orbital Shaker. Inexperience in aspirating and dispensing the liquid test chemical can
result in errors. Electronic pipettors may reduce the error caused by
6.3.7 Airtight, Chemically Resistant Bottles, for storage.
operator experience.
NOTE 5—The viscosity of the liquids may affect the amount dispensed.
7. Test Specimen
Liquid buildup in the tip may occur for liquids that are more viscous. In
case of buildup, use fresh tip for each application or change as required,
7.1 Protective clothing material specimen may consist of a
based on the results of the ten consecutive readings taken in 9.1.2.
single layer or a composite of multiple layers that is represen-
9.2 Preparation of the Test Assembly:
tativeofanactualprotectiveclothinggarment.Specimenswith
seams, closures, or other unions shall be cut such that the 9.2.1 Mount the pipettor on the support stand and place
stitching is centered on the specimen. In each test, the outer under the fume hood.
surfaceshouldbecontaminatedwiththepesticideformulation.
NOTE 6—If the height of the container with the liquid test chemical is
7.1.1 Each protective clothing material specimen should
greaterthan25mm,placethespecimenholderonaraisedplatformsothe
measure 80 by 80 mm.
test chemical can be aspirated with ease.
7.1.2 Aminimumofthreespecimensshallbetestedforeach
9.2.2 Place the collector layer with the absorbent side up on
test material. Random sampling procedures described in Prac-
the base plate of the specimen holder. Then place the test
tice E105 should be used for the selection of specimen.
specimen,outsidefaceuppermost,followedbythecoverplate.
Place the specimen holder with the specimen and collector
layer horizontally below the pipettor. Adjust the h
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F2130 − 11 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Repellency, Retention, and Penetration of Liquid
Pesticide Formulation Through Protective Clothing
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2130; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The health and safety of agricultural workers involved in the mixing, loading, and application of
liquid pesticides can be affected by dermal exposure to liquid pesticide formulations. Use of protective
clothing can assist in minimizing the danger of contact with potentially harmful pesticides. Nonporous
materials that provide excellent protection to the user are usually not suitable for many agricultural
environments in which there is a potential for heat stress. Therefore, garments made of porous
materials that can provide a balance between risk from pesticide exposure and user comfort can also
be used as personal protective equipment (PPE) for agricultural workers. The movement of liquid
pesticides through these materials is primarily a result of penetration through spaces between fibers
and interstices between yarns. As these materials provide protection either by repelling or retaining
liquid pesticide, the measurement of these properties is also important. This test method is used to
measure repellency, retention, and penetration of liquid pesticides through protective clothing
materials.
The degree of contamination depends on numerous factors such as type of exposure, application
technique, and pesticide formulation. Worker exposure to liquid pesticides can range from low
exposure caused by spray drift to high exposure as in the case of an accidental spill while mixing or
handling concentrates. As the level of exposure can vary considerably, this test method is designed to
rate relative performance of PPE materials at two levels of contamination.
1. Scope 1.3 This test method does not measure resistance to perme-
ation or degradation.
1.1 This test method measures repellency, retention, and
penetration of a known volume of liquid pesticide when
1.4 This test method is suitable for field-strength pesticide
applied to protective clothing material. No external hydrostatic
formulations. This test method may not be suitable for testing
or mechanical pressure is applied to the test specimen during or
protective clothing materials against volatile pesticides.
after the application of the liquid pesticide.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
1.2 This test method is designed to measure performance of
standard.
protective clothing materials at two levels of contamination.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Low level of contamination is achieved by applying 0.1 mL
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
liquid formulation and high level by applying 0.2 mL.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1 priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Personal
Protective Clothing and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
F23.30 on Chemicals.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published July 2018. Originally approved
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2130 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
F2130-11R18.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2130 − 11 (2018)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.1.8 repellency, n—characteristic to resist wetting and pen-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical etration by a liquid.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.9 test chemical, n—solid, liquid, gas, or mixture thereof,
used to evaluate the performance of a protective clothing
2. Referenced Documents
material.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.9.1 Discussion—For the purpose of this test method, test
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
chemical is limited to liquid chemicals that are a mixture of
E105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
raw materials including, but not limited to, active ingredients,
F1494 Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
inert ingredients, and a base solvent used in pesticide formu-
lation. Additional ingredients could include emulsifiers and
3. Terminology
surfactants. Solvents used in the formulation could be water,
3.1 Definitions:
isopropyl alcohol, or petroleum distillate. Solid materials
3.1.1 analytical technique, n—a procedure whereby the
(powders, granules, and so forth) may be dissolved or emulsi-
concentration of the test chemical in a collection medium is
fied to form a liquid or suspension. These formulations may be
quantitatively determined.
ready to use or concentrates that require dilution to field
3.1.1.1 Discussion—These techniques are often specific to
strength. In some ultra-low-volume applications, concentrated
individual chemical and collection medium combinations.
oil-based formulations are used without dilution; testing for
Applicable techniques include, but are not limited to, flame
this application is beyond the scope of this test method.
ionization, photo ionization, electro-chemical, ultraviolet, and
3.1.10 For other textile terminology, see Terminology D123.
infrared spectrophotometry, gas and liquid chromatography,
3.1.11 For other protective clothing terminology, see Termi-
colorimetry, length-of-stain detector tubes, and radionuclide
nology F1494.
tagging/detection counting.
3.1.2 coated fabric, n—flexible material composed of a
4. Summary of Test Method
textile fabric and an adherent polymeric or other material
applied to one or both surfaces.
4.1 A pipettor is used to apply liquid pesticide to the surface
of the test assembly. The test assembly consists of single- or
3.1.3 degradation, n—deleterious change in one or more
multiple-layer protective clothing material (test specimen) and
properties of a material.
an absorbent paper backed by polyethylene film (collector
3.1.4 penetration, n—for chemical protective clothing, the
layer).
movement of substances through voids in protective clothing
4.1.1 Another absorbent paper backed by polyethylene film
materials or items on a non-molecular level.
is placed on the surface test specimen after a specified time to
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Voids include gaps, pores, holes, and
remove the remaining liquid.
imperfections in closures, seams, interfaces, and protective
4.1.2 The contaminated test specimen, collector layer, and
clothing materials. Penetration does not require a change of
paper used to remove liquid from the surface of the material are
state; solid chemicals move through voids in the materials as
separated and extracted.
solids, liquids as liquids, and gases as gases. Penetration is a
distinctly different mechanism from permeation. 4.1.3 The extracts are analyzed quantitatively.
4.1.4 Data are used to calculate percent repellency, pesticide
3.1.5 permeation, n—for chemical protective clothing, the
retention, and penetration.
movement of chemicals, as molecules, through protective
clothing materials by the processes of: (1) absorption of the
chemical into the contact surface of the material, (2) diffusion 5. Significance and Use
of the absorbed molecules throughout the material, and (3)
5.1 This test method can be used for laboratory screening of
desorption of the chemical from the opposite surface of the
protective clothing material used to manufacture garments and
material.
accessories worn by pesticide workers.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Permeation is a distinctly different
5.2 This test method can be used for the development and
mechanism from penetration.
evaluation of new protective clothing materials.
3.1.6 pesticide retention, n—amount of pesticide active
ingredient retained in the protective clothing material.
5.3 This test method can be used for the evaluation of
protective clothing materials against new pesticide formula-
3.1.7 protective clothing, n—an item of clothing that is
tions.
specifically designed and constructed for the intended purpose
of isolating all or part of the body from a potential hazard; or,
6. Apparatus and Materials
isolating the external environment from contamination by the
wearer of the clothing.
6.1 Apparatus and materials for contamination of test speci-
men:
6.1.1 Test Chemical, to contaminate the test specimen.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
NOTE 1—Diluted and concentrated formulations can be used with this
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. test method.
F2130 − 11 (2018)
6.1.2 Pipettor, with disposable pipet tip, mounted on a 8. Selection of Analytical Technique
support stand, for pipetting 0.1 6 0.002 mL of liquid for low
8.1 The procedure used to quantify the mass of test
contamination level and 0.2 6 0.004 mL for high contamina-
chemical/liquid in the test specimen and absorbent papers shall
tion level.
be determined before conducting the tests. The selection of
6.1.3 Specimen Holder, that consists of a base plate (100 by
procedure for analysis is based on the liquid test chemical
100 mm) and a cover plate (100 by 100 mm with a 60 by
selected.
60-mm opening in the center). The specimen holder is made of
8.1.1 Gravimetric analysis can be used if the liquid test
polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (4-mm thickness).
chemical has: (1) a low evaporation rate, and (2) no filtration or
6.1.4 Timer, accurate to 1 s.
selective retention of ingredients. Typically, pesticide formu-
6.1.5 Absorbent Paper—Two 80 by 80-mm squares of
lations that are categorized as emulsifiable concentrates (rela-
Whatman Benchkote Plus Paper (absorbent paper backed by
tively small particle size) and liquid concentrates (water-based
polyethylene film) per test specimen. One square is used to
solution concentrate with no particles) meet the criteria.
measure penetration, and the second to measure repellency.
8.1.2 Analytical techniques such as gas chromatography or
NOTE 2—Substitutions are not recommended, as due to differences in high-pressure liquid chromatography can be used for formula-
sorptive properties, use of absorbent papers other than Benchkote Plus
tions with an active ingredient. This requires extraction (in
may affect the test results.
most cases) and analysis of the active ingredient.
6.1.6 Container, to discard contaminated materials.
8.1.3 Use Method A if the gravimetric method is used for
6.1.7 Fume Hood, with airflow control and a glass door.
analysis. Use Method B if the procedure requires extraction
and analysis of active ingredient.
6.2 Apparatus for Analysis Using Method A:
6.2.1 Balance, accurate to 0.001 g.
9. Preparation of Test Apparatus and Materials
6.2.2 Tweezers.
6.2.3 Transparency Film—A 100 by 100-mm square, cut
9.1 Calibration of the Pipettor:
from clear transparency film or similar material made of plastic
9.1.1 Calibration with Distilled Water:
film.
9.1.1.1 Calibrate the pipettor by weighing 0.1 mL (0.2 mL
6.3 Apparatus for Analysis Using Method B: for higher contamination level) of distilled water. Take ten
readings. The values shall be within the 2 % tolerance limits.
6.3.1 Solvent, appropriate for extraction of pesticide.
9.1.2 Calibration with Liquid Test Chemical:
NOTE 3—Selection of the solvent is dependent on the pesticide and the
9.1.2.1 The pipettor shall be calibrated by each operator
analytical method used. A minimum extraction efficiency of 95 % is
before conducting the tests. Use the same tip to dispense the
required. Procedure to calculate extraction efficiency is given in 11.2.1.
Solvent with high volatility may not be appropriate, as there may be
test aliquot (0.1 or 0.2 mL) and record the weight to the third
evaporation loss during handling operations.
decimal place (0.001). Take ten readings. Each value shall be
6.3.2 Airtight, Chemically Resistant Flasks/Bottles, suitable within the 2 % tolerance limits. Calculate the mean of ten
for extraction of pesticides. readings. The mean value shall be used as the value for total
amount of the liquid test chemical applied for Method A in
6.3.3 Tweezers.
6.3.4 Timer, to measure time in minutes. 10.2.
6.3.5 50 6 0.2-mL Graduated Cylinder—Bottle-top dis-
NOTE 4—Experience of the operator in pipetting the liquid test chemical
penser or other apparatus for accurate measurement of solvent.
according to the procedure provided by the manufacturer is crucial.
6.3.6 Orbital Shaker.
Inexperience in aspirating and dispensing the liquid test chemical can
result in errors. Electronic pipettors may reduce the error caused by
6.3.7 Airtight, Chemically Resistant Bottles, for storage.
operator experience.
NOTE 5—The viscosity of the liquids may affect the amount dispensed.
7. Test Specimen
Liquid buildup in the tip may occur for liquids that are more viscous. In
case of buildup, use fresh tip for each application or change as required,
7.1 Protective clothing material specimen may consist of a
based on the results of the ten consecutive readings taken in 9.1.2.
single layer or a composite of multiple layers that is represen-
tative of an actual protective clothing garment. Specimens with 9.2 Preparation of the Test Assembly:
seams, closures, or other unions shall be cut such that the 9.2.1 Mount the pipettor on the support stand and place
stitching is centered on the specimen. In each test, the outer under the fume hood.
surface should be contaminated with the pesticide formulation.
NOTE 6—If the height of the container with the liquid test chemical is
7.1.1 Each protective clothing material specimen should
greater than 25 mm, place the specimen holder on a raised platform so the
measure 80 by 80 mm.
test chemical can be aspirated with ease.
7.1.2 A minimum of three specimens shall be tested for each
9.2.2 Place the collector layer with the absorbent side up on
test material. Random sampling procedures described in Prac-
the base plate of the specimen holder. Then place the test
tice E105 should be used for the selection of specimen.
specimen, outside face uppermost, followed by the cover p
...
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