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ASTM E1140-95(2017)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Testing Nitrogen/Phosphorus Thermionic Ionization Detectors for Use In Gas Chromatography

Standard Practice for Testing Nitrogen/Phosphorus Thermionic Ionization Detectors for Use In Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Although it is possible to observe and measure each of the several characteristics of a detector under different and unique conditions, it is the intent of this practice that a complete set of detector specifications be obtained at the same operating conditions, including geometry, flow rates, and temperatures. To specify a detector's capability completely, its performance should be measured at several sets of conditions within the useful range of the detector. The terms and tests described in this practice are sufficiently general so that they may be used under any chosen conditions.  
4.2 Linearity and speed of response of the recorder should be such that it does not distort or otherwise interfere with the performance of the detector. Effective recorder response should be sufficiently fast so that its effect on the sensitivity of measurement is negligible. If additional amplifiers are used between the detector and the final readout device, their characteristics should first be established.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers testing the performance of a nitrogen/phosphorus thermionic ionization detector (NPD) used as the detection component of a gas chromatographic system.  
1.2 This practice applies to an NPD that employs a heated alkali metal compound and emits an electrical charge from that solid surface.  
1.3 This practice addresses the operation and performance of the NPD independently of the chromatographic column. However, the performance is specified in terms that the analyst can use to predict overall system performance when the detector is coupled to the column and other chromatographic components.  
1.4 For general chromatographic procedures, Practice E260 should be followed except where specific changes are recommended in this practice for the use of a nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P) thermionic detector.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see Section 5, Hazards.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Sep-2017
ICS
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
E13 - Molecular Spectroscopy and Separation Science
Drafting Committee
E13.19 - Separation Science
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM E260-96(2019) - Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Oct-2017

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ASTM E1140-95(2017) - Standard Practice for Testing Nitrogen/Phosphorus Thermionic Ionization Detectors for Use In Gas ChromatographyASTM E1140-95(2017) - Standard Practice for Testing Nitrogen/Phosphorus Thermionic Ionization Detectors for Use In Gas Chromatography
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ASTM E1140-95(2017) - Standard Practice for Testing Nitrogen/Phosphorus Thermionic Ionization Detectors for Use In Gas Chromatography
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1140 − 95 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Practice for
Testing Nitrogen/Phosphorus Thermionic Ionization
1
Detectors for Use In Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice covers testing the performance of a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
nitrogen/phosphorus thermionic ionization detector (NPD)
E260Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
used as the detection component of a gas chromatographic
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsand Relation-
system.
ships
3
1.2 This practice applies to an NPD that employs a heated
2.2 CGA Standards:
alkalimetalcompoundandemitsanelectricalchargefromthat
CGAP-1SafeHandlingofCompressedGasesinContainers
solid surface.
CGAG-5.4Standard for Hydrogen Piping Systems at Con-
sumer Locations
1.3 This practice addresses the operation and performance
CGAP-9The Inert Gases: Argon, Nitrogen and Helium
of the NPD independently of the chromatographic column.
CGAV-7Standard Method of Determining Cylinder Valve
However,theperformanceisspecifiedintermsthattheanalyst
Outlet Connections for Industrial Gas Mixtures
can use to predict overall system performance when the
CGAP-12Safe Handling of Cryogenic Liquids
detector is coupled to the column and other chromatographic
HB-3Handbook of Compressed Gases
components.
1.4 For general chromatographic procedures, Practice E260
3. Terminology
should be followed except where specific changes are recom-
3.1 Definitions:
mended in this practice for the use of a nitrogen/phosphorus
(N/P) thermionic detector.
3.1.1 For definitions of gas chromatography and its various
terms, see Practice E355.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.2.1 drift—the average slope of the noise envelope ex-
1
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
pressed in amps/h as measured over ⁄2 h.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.2 linear range—range of mass flow rates of nitrogen or
For specific safety information, see Section 5, Hazards.
phosphorus in the carrier gas, over which the sensitivity of the
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
detector is constant to within 5% as determined from the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
linearity plot.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.2.3 minimum detectability—themassflowrateofnitrogen
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical or phosphorus in the carrier gas that gives a detector signal
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. equal to twice the noise level.
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E13 on Molecular For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Spectroscopy and Separation Science and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mittee E13.19 on Separation Science. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
ɛ1 3
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E1140–95(2010) . Available from Compressed Gas Association (CGA), 14501 George Carter
DOI: 10.1520/E1140-95R17. Way, Suite 103, Chantilly, VA 20151, http://www.cganet.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1140 − 95 (2017)
3.2.4 noise (short term)—the amplitude, expressed in compoundscanbeused.Thisselectiveenhancementallowsthe
amperes, of the baseline envelope that includes all random NPD to be used for the detection of very small quantities of
variationsofthedetectorsignalofafrequencygreaterthanone nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing compounds without in-
cycle per minute. terference from the signal of other molecular species.
3.2.5 selectivity—the ratio of the response per gram of
6.4 TheselectiveresponsetoC-NandC-Pbondsmeansthat
nitrogenorphosphorusinthetestsubstancetotheresponseper
the detector is not su
...

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This practice establishes the standard techniques that are of general use in securing and analyzing samples in microgram quantities (microanalysis) by infrared spectrophotometry. These techniques include general microspectroscopy, analysis of gas chromatographic fractions, analysis of liquid chromatographic fractions, analysis of thin-layer chromatographic fractions, analysis of paper chromatographic fractions, analysis of gases evolved from a thermogravimetric analyzer, and infrared spectroscopy using a microscope.
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1.1 This practice covers techniques that are of general use in securing and analyzing microgram quantities of samples by infrared spectrophotometric techniques. This practice makes repetition of description of specific techniques unnecessary in individual infrared methods.  
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