ASTM D4375-96(2001)

Standard Practice for Basic Statistics in Committee D-19 on Water

SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes a uniform standard for calculating, expressing, and symbolizing some basic statistical parameters.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1995
• ICS: 01.040.13 - Environment. Health protection. Safety (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 13.060.01 - Water quality in general
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.02 - Quality Systems, Specification, and Statistics

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4375-96 - Standard Practice for Basic Statistics in Committee D-19 on Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1996
• Replaced By: ASTM D4375-96(2006) - Standard Practice for Basic Statistics in Committee D-19 on Water
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D4841-88(2018) - Standard Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D2777-21 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D5810-96(2021) - Standard Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D5788-95(2017) - Standard Guide for Spiking Organics into Aqueous Samples
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D6501-15 - Standard Test Method for Phosphonate in Brines
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1996

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D 4375–96 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Practice for
Basic Statistics in Committee D19 on Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4375; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Practice
1.1 This practice establishes a uniform standard for calcu- 4.1 Prior to performing many statistical procedures certain
lating, expressing, and symbolizing some basic statistical variables need to be calculated. The technique for calculating
parameters. these variables and presenting these results is developed in this
practice.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water 5.1 This practice assures the user that all calculations are
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics performed in the same manner and that all results are presented
consistently.
3. Terminology
6. Calculation of Statistical Parameters
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 population—thesetofdatathatconsistsofallpossible 6.1 Mean:
observations or values of a certain phenomenon.
3.1.2 sample—a set of data from the population.
n
x¯ 5 x /n
3.1.3 statistic—an estimated quantity for a parameter calcu-
( i
i 5 1
lated from a sample.
N
3.1.4 parameter—a measurable quantity characteristic of a
µ 5 X /N
(
i
i 5 1
population.
3.1.5 observation—a fact duly noted and recorded.
6.2 Variance:
3.1.6 sample or population size—(N may be finite or
n
2 2
infinite, but N and n are finite for all calculations). s 5 ~x 2 x¯! /n21
(
i
i 5 1
3.1.7 For definitions of related statistical terms, see Termi-
N
nology E 456.
2 2
s 5 X 2 µ! /N
~
( i
i 5 1
3.1.8 For definitions of other terms used in this practice,
refer to Terminology D 1129.
6.3 Standard Deviation:
3.2 Symbols:Symbols for Sample and Population:
s 5 s
=
Popula-
Sample
tion
s5 =s
Observation x X
i i
Sample or Population nN
6.4 Standard Deviation of the Mean—(also known as stan-
Size
dard error of the mean):
Mean x¯ µ
2 2
Variance s s
s 5 =s /n
x¯
Standard D
...