ASTM D1876-08(2015)e1

Standard Test Method for Peel Resistance of Adhesives (T-Peel Test)

ABSTRACT
This test method is primarily intended for determining the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between flexible adherends by means of a T-type specimen using a tension testing machine. The bent, unbonded ends of the test specimen shall be clamped in the test grips of the tension testing machine and a load of a constant head speed shall be applied. An autographic recording of the load versus the head movement or load versus distance peeled shall be made. The peel resistance over a specified length of the bond line after the initial peak shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is primarily intended for determining the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between flexible adherends by means of a T-type specimen.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2015
• ICS: 83.180 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: D14 - Adhesives
• Drafting Committee: D14.80 - Metal Bonding Adhesives

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D1876 − 08 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Peel Resistance of Adhesives (T-Peel Test)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1876; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—Section 5.1 and Figure 1 were editorially corrected in May 2015.
INTRODUCTION
The accuracy of the results of strength tests of adhesive bonds will depend on the conditions under
which the bonding process is carried out. Unless otherwise agreed upon by the manufacturer and the
purchaser, the bonding conditions shall be prescribed by the manufacturer of the adhesive. In order to
ensure that complete information is available to the individual conducting the tests, the manufacturer
of the adhesive shall furnish numerical values and other specific information for each of the following
variables:
(1) Procedure for preparation of the surfaces prior to application of the adhesive, the cleaning and
drying of metal surfaces, and special surface treatments such as sanding, which are not specifically
limited by the pertinent test method.
(2) Complete mixing directions for the adhesive.
(3) Conditions for application of the adhesive, including the rate of spread or thickness of film,
number of coats to be applied, whether to be applied to one or both surfaces, and the conditions of
drying where more than one coat is required.
(4) Assembly conditions before application of pressure, including the room temperature, length of
time, and whether open or closed assembly is to be used.
(5) Curing conditions, including the amount of pressure to be applied, the length of time under
pressure, and the temperature of the assembly when under pressure. It should be stated whether this
temperature is that of the glue line, or of the atmosphere at which the assembly is to be maintained.
(6) Conditioning procedure before testing, unless a standard procedure is specified, including the
length of time, temperature, and relative humidity.
A range may be prescribed for any variable by the manufacturer of the adhesive, if it can be assumed
by the test operator that any arbitrarily chosen value within such a range or any combination of such
values for several variables will be acceptable to both the manufacturer and the purchaser of the
adhesive.
1. Scope 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method is primarily intended for determining
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between flexible
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
adherends by means of a T-type specimen.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
2. Referenced Documents
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
information purposes only.
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
Sheet and Plate
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of D14.80 on Metal Bonding Adhesives. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published May 2015. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1876 – 08. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D1876-08R15E01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D1876 − 08 (2015)
D907 Terminology of Adhesives 4.1.5 The applied tension as measured and recorded accu-
rate to 61 % of any reading when calibrated in compliance
3. Terminology
with Practices requirements.
3.1 Definitions:
4.2 Conditioning Room or Desiccators—The conditioning
3.1.1 Many terms in this test method are defined in Termi-
room or desiccators (Note 2) shall be capable of maintaining a
nology D907.
relative humidity of 50 6 2 % at 23 6 1°C (73.4 6 1.8°F).
3.1.2 peel strength, n—the average load per unit width of
NOTE 2—A saturated solution of calcium nitrate will give approxi-
bondline required to separate progressively a flexible member
mately 51 % relative humidity at the testing temperature.
from a rigid member or another flexible member.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Flexible has different meanings in dif-
5. Test Specimen
ferent peel tests, such as “T,” 180-degree, floating-roller, or
5.1 Laminated test panels (see Fig. 1) consist of two flexible
climbing-drum. The angle between the members varies with
adherends properly prepared and bonded together in accor-
the type of peel test.
dance with the adhesive manufacturer’s recommendations.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Specially prepared test panels 152 mm (6 in.) wide by 305 mm
3.2.1 flexible, adj—indicates that the adherends shall have
(12 in.) long, but bonded only over approximately 229 mm
such dimensions and physical properties as to permit bending
(9 in.) of their length. Test panels of these same dimensions
them through any angle up to 90° without breaking or cracking.
may also be cut from larger, fully laminated panels.
3.2.2 T-peel strength, n—the average load per unit width of
NOTE 3—Direct comparisons of different adhesives can be made only
bond line required to produce progressive separation of two
when specimen construction and test conditions are identical.
bonded, flexible adherends, under conditions designated in this
NOTE 4—Clad aluminum alloy 0.81 mm (0.032 in.) thick conforming to
test method.
Specification B209, Alloy 2024-T3, has been found satisfactory as an
adherend for structural adhesives. Canvas, coated fabrics, plastics films,
4. Apparatus
and metal foils have also proven to be satisfactory adherends for use with
specific adhesives.
4.1 Tension Testing Machine, capable of applying a tensile
NOTE 5—It is not essential that the two adherends be alike, either in
load having the fo
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D1876 − 08 D1876 − 08 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Peel Resistance of Adhesives (T-Peel Test)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1876; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—Section 5.1 and Figure 1 were editorially corrected in May 2015.
INTRODUCTION
The accuracy of the results of strength tests of adhesive bonds will depend on the conditions under
which the bonding process is carried out. Unless otherwise agreed upon by the manufacturer and the
purchaser, the bonding conditions shall be prescribed by the manufacturer of the adhesive. In order to
ensure that complete information is available to the individual conducting the tests, the manufacturer
of the adhesive shall furnish numerical values and other specific information for each of the following
variables:
(1) Procedure for preparation of the surfaces prior to application of the adhesive, the cleaning and
drying of metal surfaces, and special surface treatments such as sanding, which are not specifically
limited by the pertinent test method.
(2) Complete mixing directions for the adhesive.
(3) Conditions for application of the adhesive, including the rate of spread or thickness of film,
number of coats to be applied, whether to be applied to one or both surfaces, and the conditions of
drying where more than one coat is required.
(4) Assembly conditions before application of pressure, including the room temperature, length of
time, and whether open or closed assembly is to be used.
(5) Curing conditions, including the amount of pressure to be applied, the length of time under
pressure, and the temperature of the assembly when under pressure. It should be stated whether this
temperature is that of the glue line, or of the atmosphere at which the assembly is to be maintained.
(6) Conditioning procedure before testing, unless a standard procedure is specified, including the
length of time, temperature, and relative humidity.
A range may be prescribed for any variable by the manufacturer of the adhesive, if it can be assumed
by the test operator that any arbitrarily chosen value within such a range or any combination of such
values for several variables will be acceptable to both the manufacturer and the purchaser of the
adhesive.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is primarily intended for determining the relative peel resistance of adhesive bonds between flexible
adherends by means of a T-type specimen.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information
purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of D14.80 on Metal Bonding Adhesives.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008April 1, 2015. Published October 2008May 2015. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20012008 as
D1876 – 01.D1876 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D1876-08.10.1520/D1876-08R15E01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D1876 − 08 (2015)
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Many terms in this test method are defined in Terminology D907.
3.1.2 peel strength, n—the average load per unit width of bondline required to separate progressively a flexible member from
a rigid member or another flexible member.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Flexible has different meanings in different peel tests, such as “T,” 180-degree, floating-roller, or climbing-drum. The angle
between the members varies with the type of peel test.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 flexible, adj—indicates that the adherends shall have such dimensions and physical properties as to permit bending them
through any angle up to 90° without breaking or cracking.
3.2.2 T-peel strength, n—the average load per unit width of bond line required to produce progressive separation of two bonded,
flexible adherends, under conditions designated in this test method.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Tension Testing Machine, capable of applying a tensile load having the following prescribed conditions:
4.1.1 The machine and loading range selected that the maximum load on the specimen falls between 15 and 85 % of the upper
limit of the loading range.
4.1.2 The rate of movement between heads essentially constant under fluctuating loads.
NOTE 1—It is difficult to meet this requirement when loads are measured with a spring-type or pendulum-type weighing device.
4.1.3 The machine equipped with suitable grips capable of clamping the specimens firmly and without slippage throughout the
tests.
4.1.4 The machine shall be autographic, giving a chart that can be read in terms of inches of separation as one coordinate and
applied load as the other coordinate.
4.1.5 The applied tension as measured and recorded accurate to 61 % of any reading when calibrated in compliance with
Practices requirements.
4.2 Conditioning Room or Desiccators—The conditioning room or desiccators (Note 2) shall be capable of maintaining a
relative humidity of 50 6 2 % at 23 6 1°C (73.4 6 1.8°F).
NOTE 2—A saturated solution of calcium nitrate will give approximately 51 % relative humidity at the testing temperature.
5. Test Specimen
5.1 Laminated test panels (see Fig. 1) consist of two flexible adherends properly prepared and bonded toget
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