ASTM D5628-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimens by Means of a Falling Dart (Tup or Falling Mass)
Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimens by Means of a Falling Dart (Tup or Falling Mass)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Plastics are viscoelastic and therefore are likely to be sensitive to changes in velocity of the mass falling on their surfaces. However, the velocity of a free-falling object is a function of the square root of the drop height. A change of a factor of two in the drop height will cause a change of only 1.4 in velocity. Hagan et al (2) found that the mean-failure energy of sheeting was constant at drop heights between 0.30 and 1.4 m. This suggests that a constant mass-variable height method will give the same results as the constant height-variable mass technique. On the other hand, different materials respond differently to changes in the velocity of impact. While both constant-mass and constant-height techniques are permitted by these methods, the constant-height method is to be used for those materials that are found to be rate-sensitive in the range of velocities encountered in falling-weight types of impact tests.
5.2 The test geometry FA causes a moderate level of stress concentration and can be used for most plastics.
5.3 Geometry FB causes a greater stress concentration and results in failure of tough or thick specimens that do not fail with Geometry FA (3). This approach can produce a punch shear failure on thick sheet. If that type of failure is undesirable, Geometry FC is to be used. Geometry FB is suitable for research and development because of the smaller test area required.
5.3.1 The conical configuration of the 12.7-mm diameter tup used in Geometry FB minimizes problems with tup penetration and sticking in failed specimens of some ductile materials.
5.4 The test conditions of Geometry FC are the same as those of Test Method A of Test Method D1709. They have been used in specifications for extruded sheeting. A limitation of this geometry is that considerable material is required.
5.5 The test conditions of Geometry FD are the same as for Test Method D3763.
5.6 The test conditions of Geometry FE are the same as for ISO 6603-1.
5...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the threshold value of impact-failure energy required to crack or break flat, rigid plastic specimens under various specified conditions of impact of a free-falling dart (tup), based on testing many specimens.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 6603-1 are technically equivalent only when the test conditions and specimen geometry required for Geometry FE and the Bruceton Staircase method of calculation are used.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5628 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimens by
1
Means of a Falling Dart (Tup or Falling Mass)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5628; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D2444Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance
of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the thresh-
(Falling Weight)
old value of impact-failure energy required to crack or break
D3763Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of
flat, rigid plastic specimens under various specified conditions
Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors
of impact of a free-falling dart (tup), based on testing many
D4000Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
specimens.
als
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D5947Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
Plastics Specimens
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the D6779Classification System for and Basis of Specification
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.2 ISO Standards:
Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8.
ISO 291Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Test-
ing
NOTE 1—This test method and ISO 6603-1 are technically equivalent
ISO 6603-1Plastics—Determination of Multiaxial Impact
only when the test conditions and specimen geometry required for
Geometry FE and the Bruceton Staircase method of calculation are used. Behavior of Rigid Plastics—Part 1: Falling Dart Method
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Definitions:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.1.1 For definitions of plastic terms used in this test
method, see Terminologies D883 and D1600.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 failure (of test specimen)—the presence of any crack
2. Referenced Documents or split, created by the impact of the falling tup, that can be
2 seen by the naked eye under normal laboratory lighting
2.1 ASTM Standards:
conditions.
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
3.2.2 mean-failure energy (mean-impact resistance)—the
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
energy required to produce 50% failures, equal to the product
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
of the constant drop height and the mean-failure mass, or, to
tics
the product of the constant mass and the mean-failure height.
D1709Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastic Film
by the Free-Falling Dart Method
3.2.3 mean-failure height (impact-failure height)—the
height at which a standard mass, when dropped on test
specimens, will cause 50% failures.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
NOTE 2—Cracks usually start at the surface opposite the one that is
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
struck. Occasionally incipient cracking in glass-reinforced products, for
Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally
example, is difficult to differentiate from the reinforcing fibers. In such
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5628-10. DOI:
cases, a penetrating dye can confirm the onset of crack formation.
10.1520/D5628-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West C
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5628 − 10 D5628 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimens by
1
Means of a Falling Dart (Tup or Falling Mass)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5628; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the threshold value of impact-failure energy required to crack or break flat,
rigid plastic specimens under various specified conditions of impact of a free-falling dart (tup), based on testing many specimens.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8.
NOTE 1—This test method and ISO 6603-1 are technically equivalent only when the test conditions and specimen geometry required for Geometry FE
and the Bruceton Staircase method of calculation are used.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D1709 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastic Film by the Free-Falling Dart Method
D2444 Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling
Weight)
D3763 Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens
D6779 Classification System for and Basis of Specification for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 291 Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing
ISO 6603-1 Plastics—Determination of Multiaxial Impact Behavior of Rigid Plastics—Part 1: Falling Dart Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of plastic terms used in this test method, see Terminologies D883 and D1600.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 failure (of test specimen)—the presence of any crack or split, created by the impact of the falling tup, that can be seen by
the naked eye under normal laboratory lighting conditions.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved July 1, 2010May 1, 2018. Published July 2010June 2018. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as
D5628 - 07.D5628 - 10. DOI: 10.1520/D5628-10.10.1520/D5628-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D5628 − 18
3.2.2 mean-failure energy (mean-impact resistance)—the energy required to produce 50 % failures, equal to the product of the
constant drop height and the mean-failure mass, or, to the product of the constant mass and the mean-failure height.
3.2.3 mean-failure height (impact-failure height)—the height at which a standard mass, when dro
...
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