ASTM D7501-09a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel (B100) Blend Stock by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel (B100) Blend Stock by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Some substances that are soluble or appear to be soluble in biodiesel (B100) at room temperature will, upon cooling to temperatures above the cloud point or standing at room temperature for extended periods, come out of solution. This phenomenon has been observed in both B100 and BXX blends. These substances can cause filter plugging. This method provides an accelerated means of assessing the presence of these substances in B100 and their propensity to plug filters.
B100 biodiesel fuels that give short filtration times are expected to give satisfactory operation of BXX blends at least down to the cloud point of the biodiesel blends.
The test method can be used in specifications as a means of controlling levels of minor filter plugging components in biodiesel and biodiesel blends.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by filtration time after cold soak of the suitability for a biodiesel (B100) blend stock that meets all other requirements of Specification D6751 and has a cloud point below 68°F (20°C) to provide adequate low temperature operability performance to at least the cloud point of the finished blend.
1.2 The formal precision of this test method is included in 13.1 on Precision.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D7501–09a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel
1
(B100) Blend Stock by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination by filtration 3.1 Definitions:
time after cold soak of the suitability for a biodiesel (B100) 3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of
blend stock that meets all other requirements of Specification long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
D6751 and has a cloud point below 68°F (20°C) to provide fats, designated as B100.
adequate low temperature operability performance to at least 3.1.2 bond, v—to connect two parts of a system electrically
the cloud point of the finished blend. bymeansofaconductivewiretoeliminatevoltagedifferences.
1.2 The formal precision of this test method is included in 3.1.3 BXX blend, n—fuel blend consisting of up to 20
13.1 on Precision. volume percent biodiesel designated as up to B20 conforming
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded to the requirements of Specification D6751 with the remainder
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical being a light middle or middle distillate grade diesel fuel and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only meeting the requirements of this test method.
and are not considered standard. 3.1.3.1 Discussion—The abbreviation BXX represents a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the specific blend concentration in the range B2 to B20, where XX
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the is the percent volume of biodiesel in the fuel blend.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.4 ground, v—to connect electrically with earth.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.2.1 air chamber, n—unit to control temperature of sample
for cooling with maximum 0.5°C variation from set point. The
2. Referenced Documents
unit shall use a microprocessor temperature controller with
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: digitalsetpointandreadout.Afood-graderefrigeratordoesnot
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
provide adequate temperature stability for this test method.
Petroleum Products 3.2.2 minor component, n—material present in B100, typi-
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Avia-
cally at concentrations well below 1% by mass.
tion Fuels by Laboratory Filtration 3.2.3 thermal history, n—range of temperatures that a batch
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
or sample of B100 has experienced which can result in
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and separation or precipitation of minor components.
Lubricants
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Coolingsomebiodieselfuelscanresult
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) in precipitation or separation of minor components that have
for Middle Distillate Fuels
limited solubility in B100. Heating these biodiesel fuels above
40°C is believed to redissolve most of these minor components
and thus erase the thermal history of the sample.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3.3 Abbreviations:
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
3.3.1 CSFT—Cold Soak Filtration Test
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally
4. Summary of Test Method
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7501–09. DOI:
10.1520/D7501-09A.
4.1 Inthistestmethod,300 mLofbiodiesel(B100)isstored
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
at 40 6 1°F (4.5 6 0.5°C) for 16 h, allowed to warm to 77 6
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2°F (25 6 1°C), and vacuum filtered through a single 0.7 µm
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. glassfiberfilteratcontrolledvacuumlevelsof21–25in.ofHg.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D7501–09a
FIG. 1 Schematic of Filtration System
4.2 The filtration time is reported in seconds. 6.1.3 Electrical Bonding Apparatus, as described in Te
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7501–09 Designation:D7501–09a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Fuel Filter Blocking Potential of Biodiesel
1
(B100) Blend Stock by Cold Soak Filtration Test (CSFT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination by filtration time after cold soak of the suitability for a biodiesel (B100) blend
stock that meets all other requirements of Specification D6751 and has a cloud point below 68°F (20°C) to provide adequate low
temperature operability performance to at least the cloud point of the finished blend.
1.2The formal precision of this test method has not yet been determined. Interim precision for repeatability is included in
1.2 The formal precision of this test method is included in 13.1 . on Precision.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,
designated as B100.
3.1.2 bond, v—to connect two parts of a system electrically by means of a conductive wire to eliminate voltage differences.
3.1.3 BXX blend, n—fuel blend consisting of up to 20 volume percent biodiesel designated as up to B20 conforming to the
requirements of Specification D6751 with the remainder being a light middle or middle distillate grade diesel fuel and meeting the
requirements of this test method.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The abbreviation BXX represents a specific blend concentration in the range B2 to B20, where XX is the
percent volume of biodiesel in the fuel blend.
3.1.4 ground, v—to connect electrically with earth.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 air chamber, n—unit to control temperature of sample for cooling with maximum 0.5°C variation from set point.The unit
shall use a microprocessor temperature controller with digital set point and readout. A food-grade refrigerator does not provide
adequate temperature stability for this test method.
3.2.2 minor component, n—material present in B100, typically at concentrations well below 1% by mass.
3.2.3 thermal history, n—range of temperatures that a batch or sample of B100 has experienced which can result in separation
or precipitation of minor components.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Cooling some biodiesel fuels can result in precipitation or separation of minor components that have
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.14 on
Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. DOI: 10.1520/D7501-09.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7501–09. DOI:
10.1520/D7501-09A.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7501–09a
limited solubility in B100. Heating these biodiesel fuels above 40°C is believed to redissolve most of
...
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