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ASTM C1610/C1610M-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column Technique

Standard Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column Technique

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of static segregation of self-consolidating concrete by measuring the coarse aggregate content in the top and bottom portions of a cylindrical specimen (or column).
1.2 This test method shall not be used to determine the static segregation of self-consolidating concrete containing lightweight aggregate.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jun-2006
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.47 - Self-Consolidating Concrete
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C1610/C1610M-06a - Standard Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column Technique
Effective Date
15-Dec-2006
Referred By
ASTM C125-21a - Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Effective Date
15-Jun-2006
Referred By
ASTM C1712-20 - Standard Test Method for Rapid Assessment of Static Segregation Resistance of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Penetration Test
Effective Date
15-Jun-2006

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ASTM C1610/C1610M-06 - Standard Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column TechniqueASTM C1610/C1610M-06 - Standard Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column Technique
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ASTM C1610/C1610M-06 - Standard Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column Technique
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1610/C1610M–06
Standard Test Method for
Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using
Column Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1610/C 1610M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C 172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
C 173/C 173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly
1.1 This test method covers the determination of static
Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
segregation of self-consolidating concrete by measuring the
C 192/C 192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete
coarse aggregate content in the top and bottom portions of a
Test Specimens in the Laboratory
cylindrical specimen (or column).
D 1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plas-
1.2 Thistestmethodshallnotbeusedtodeterminethestatic
tic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
segregation of self-consolidating concrete containing light-
weight aggregate.
3. Terminology
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pounds or SI units are to
3.1 Definitions:
be regarded separately as standard.Within the text, the SI units
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system are not
to Terminology C 125.
exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used inde-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
pendentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystems
3.2.1 Static Segregation—segregation of the mortar from
may result in nonconformance with the standard.
the coarse aggregate that occurs after placement while the
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
concrete is still in a plastic state.
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
4. Summary of Test Method
as requirements of the standard.
4.1 Asampleoffreshly-mixedself-consolidatingconcreteis
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
placed in a cylindrical mold without tamping or vibration. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mold is separated into three sections representing different
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
levels of the cylindrical specimen (or column). Portions of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
concrete from the top and bottom section are washed on a 4.75
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh
mm [No. 4] sieve, leaving the coarse aggregate on the sieve.
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
The masses of coarse aggregate in the top and the bottom
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
sections are determined and the percent static segregation is
calculated.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
5.1 This test method provides users with a procedure to
Aggregates
determine the potential static segregation of self-consolidating
C 127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
concrete.
Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
5.2 This test method shall be used to develop self-
consolidating concrete mixtures with segregation not exceed-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on ing specified limits. Self-consolidating concrete is a fluid
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
concrete that can be prone to segregation if not proportioned to
C09.47 on Self-Consolidating Concrete.
be cohesive. A cohesive self-consolidating concrete is impor-
Current edition approved June 15, 2006. Published July 2006.
tant for all applications but is especially critical for deep-
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.
section applications such as walls or columns. Therefore, the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
degree of segregation can indicate if a mixture is suitable for
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
the application.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C1610/C1610M–06
NOTE 1—Some level of segregation is tolerable as long as the desired
6.3 Collector Plate—The collector plate, used to obtain
strength and durability performance is achieved.
concrete from the top section of the column, shall be made of
any nonabsorbent, rigid material measuring at least 20 in. [510
6. Apparatus
mm] 3 20 in. [510 mm] square. The plate shall contain a cut
6.1 Balance—as described in Test Method C 127.
outsectioninthecentermeasuring8.5in.[215mm]acrossand
6.2 Column Mold—Thecolumnportionofthemoldshallbe
it shall contain a rigid lip that is at least 2 in. [50 mm] high
poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe Schedule 40 meeting
running around three sides of the perimeter of the plate, as
the requirements of Specification D 1785. The column shall be
shown in Fig. 2.
8 in. [200 mm] in diameter 3 26 in. [660 mm] in height and
NOTE 3—To facilitate the ease with which the test can be performed,
separated into 3 sections. The top section shall be 6.5 in. [165
the collector plate may contain legs or another support system so that only
mm] in height, the middle section 13 in. [330 mm] in height,
one person is needed to perform the concrete collection process from the
and the bottom section 6.5 in. [165 mm] in height, as shown in
top section.
Fig. 1. Each section shall have its ends flat and plane and be
6.4 S
...

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This specification covers ready-mixed concrete manufactured and delivered to a purchaser in freshly mixed and unhardened state as hereinafter specified. Requirements for quality of concrete shall be either as hereinafter specified or as specified by the purchase. In any case where the requirements of the purchaser differ from these in this specification, the purchaser's specification shall govern. In the absence of designated applicable materials specifications, materials specifications specified shall be used for cementitious materials, hydraulic cement, supplementary cementitious materials, cementitious concrete mixtures, aggregates, air-entraining admixtures, and chemical admixtures. Except as otherwise specifically permitted, cement, aggregate, and admixtures shall be measured by mass. Mixers will be stationary mixers or truck mixers. Agitators will be truck mixers or truck agitators. Test methods for compression, air content, slump, temperature shall be performed. For s strength test, at least two standard test specimens shall be made.
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This specification covers three strength grades of finely ground granulated blast-furnace slag (Grades 80, 100, and 120) for use as a cementitious material in concrete and mortars. The slag shall contain no additions and shall conform to the sulfide sulfur and sulfate chemical composition requirement. Physical properties of the slag shall be in accordance with the requirements for fineness as determined by air permeability and air content, slag activity index, and compressive strength.
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3.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. The test determines the air content of freshly mixed concrete exclusive of any air that may exist inside voids within aggregate particles. For this reason, it is applicable to concrete made with relatively dense aggregate particles and requires determination of the aggregate correction factor (see 6.1 and 9.1).  
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1.1 This test method covers the testing of aggregates to estimate their soundness when subjected to weathering action in concrete or other applications. This is accomplished by repeated immersion in saturated solutions of sodium or magnesium sulfate followed by oven drying to partially or completely dehydrate the salt precipitated in permeable pore spaces. The internal expansive force, derived from the rehydration of the salt upon re-immersion, simulates the expansion of water on freezing. This test method furnishes information helpful in judging the soundness of aggregates when adequate information is not available from service records of the material exposed to actual weathering conditions.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.  
1.4 If the results obtained from another standard are not reported in the same system of units as used by this test method, it is permitted to convert those results using the conversion factors found in the SI Quick Reference Guide.2
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternate designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
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4.1 This test method measures the load-induced time-dependent compressive strain at selected ages for concrete under an arbitrary set of controlled environmental conditions.  
4.2 This test method can be used to compare creep potentials of different concretes. A procedure is available, using the developed equation (or graphical plot), for calculating stress from strain data within massive non-reinforced concrete structures. For most specific design applications, the test conditions set forth herein must be modified to more closely simulate the anticipated curing, thermal, exposure, and loading age conditions for the prototype structure. Current theories and effects of material and environmental parameters are presented in ACI SP-135, Symposium on Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete: Effect of Materials and Environment.3  
4.3 In the absence of a satisfactory hypothesis governing creep phenomena, a number of assumptions have been developed that have been generally substantiated by test and experience.  
4.3.1 Creep is proportional to stress from 0 to 40 % of concrete compressive strength.  
4.3.2 Creep has been conclusively shown to be directly proportional to paste content throughout the range of paste contents normally used in concrete. Thus, the creep characteristics of concrete mixtures containing aggregate of maximum size greater than 50 mm [2 in.] may be determined from the creep characteristics of the minus 50-mm [minus 2-in.] fraction obtained by wet-sieving. Multiply the value of the characteristic by the ratio of the cement paste content (proportion by volume) in the full concrete mixture to the paste content of the sieved sample.  
4.4 The use of the logarithmic expression (Section 9) does not imply that the creep strain-time relationship is necessarily an exact logarithmic function; however, for the period of one year, the expression approximates normal creep behavior with sufficient accuracy to make possible the calculation of parameters that are useful...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the creep of molded concrete cylinders subjected to sustained longitudinal compressive load. This test method is limited to concrete in which the maximum aggregate size does not exceed 50 mm [2 in.].  
1.2 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The testing and inspection of concrete and concrete aggregates are important elements in obtaining quality construction. A testing agency providing these services shall be selected with care.  
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4.3 This practice establishes essential characteristics pertaining to the organization, personnel, facilities, and quality systems of the testing agency. This practice may be supplemented by more specific criteria and requirements for particular projects.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice identifies and defines the duties, responsibilities, and minimum technical requirements of testing agency personnel and the minimum technical requirements for equipment utilized in testing concrete and concrete aggregates for use in construction.  
1.2 This practice provides criteria for the evaluation of the capability of a testing agency to perform designated ASTM test methods on concrete and concrete aggregates. It can be used by an evaluation authority in the inspection or accreditation of a testing agency or by other parties to determine if the agency is qualified to conduct the specified tests.
Note 1: Specification E329 provides criteria for the evaluation of agencies that perform the inspection of concrete during placement.  
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1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material and shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are used to develop data for comparison with the requirements of Specification C618 or Specification C1697. These test methods are based on standardized testing in the laboratory and are not intended to simulate job conditions.  
4.1.1 Strength Activity Index—The test for strength activity index is used to determine whether coal ash or natural pozzolan results in an acceptable level of strength development when used in concrete. Since the test is performed with mortar, the results may not provide a direct correlation of how the coal ash or natural pozzolan will contribute to strength in concrete.  
4.1.2 Chemical Tests—The chemical component determinations and the limits placed on each do not predict the performance of a coal ash or natural pozzolan in concrete, but collectively help describe composition and uniformity of the material.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing coal ash and raw or calcined pozzolans for use in concrete.  
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Sampling  
7  
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS  
Reagents and apparatus  
10  
Moisture content  
11 and 12  
Loss on ignition  
13 and 14  
Silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide,
calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulfur
trioxide, sodium oxide and potassium
oxide  
15  
Available alkali  
16 and 17  
Ammonia  
18  
PHYSICAL TESTS  
Density  
19  
Fineness  
20  
Increase of drying shrinkage of mortar bars  
21 – 23  
Soundness  
24  
Air-entrainment of mortar  
25 and 26  
Strength activity index  
27 – 30  
Water requirement  
31  
Effectiveness of Coal Ash or Natural Pozzolan in
Controlling Alkali-Silica Reactions  
32  
Effectiveness of Coal Ash or Natural Pozzolan in
Contributing to Sulfate Resistance  
34  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1105-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Carbonate Rock Reaction

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Two types of alkali reactivity of aggregates have been described in the literature: the alkali-silica reaction involving certain siliceous rocks, minerals, and artificial glasses (1),3 and the alkali-carbonate reaction involving dolomite in certain calcitic dolomites and dolomitic limestones (2). This test method is not recommended as a means to detect combinations susceptible to expansion due to alkali-silica reaction since it was not evaluated for this use in the work reported by Buck (2). This test method is not applicable to aggregates that do not contain or consist of carbonate rock (see Descriptive Nomenclature C294).  
4.2 This test method contains two methods. Method A is used to evaluate the susceptibility of a coarse aggregate to alkali-carbonate reaction. Method B is to evaluate the behavior of specific combinations of concrete-making materials to be used in concrete construction. However, provisions are made for the use of substitute materials when required. This test method assesses the potential for expansion of concrete caused by alkali-carbonate rock reaction from tests performed under prescribed laboratory curing conditions that will probably differ from field conditions. Thus, actual field performance will not be duplicated due to differences in wetting and drying, temperature, other factors, or combinations of these.  
4.3 Use of this test method is of particular value when samples of aggregate from a source have been determined to contain constituents that are regarded as capable of participation in a potentially deleterious alkali-carbonate rock reaction either by petrographic examination, Guide C295/C295M, by the rock cylinder test, Test Method C586, by service record; or by a combination of these.  
4.4 Results of tests conducted as described herein should form a part of the basis for a decision as to whether or not the aggregate under test can be used in portland cement concrete construction. Interpretation of results can be found in G...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, by measurement of length change of concrete prisms, the susceptibility of a coarse aggregate or cementitious materials aggregate combinations to expansive alkali-carbonate reaction involving hydroxide ions associated with alkalies (sodium and potassium) and certain calcitic dolomites and dolomitic limestones.  
1.2 Results of tests conducted as described herein should form a part of the basis for a decision as to whether or not the coarse aggregate or specific combinations of concrete-making materials under test can be used in portland cement concrete construction. Interpretation of results can be found in Guide C1778.  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of measurement system is at the user's discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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