ASTM C987-00a(2005)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Vapor Attack on Refractories for Furnace Superstructures
Standard Practice for Vapor Attack on Refractories for Furnace Superstructures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides a guide for evaluating the resistance of refractories in glass melting furnace superstructures to vapor attack. This test method may also be useful for evaluating refractories in other applications where vapor attack occurs.
An electric-heated furnace is recommended. Water vapor and other atmospheric components in a gas- or fuel-fired furnace may participate in the chemical and physical reactions being studied. Results may differ, therefore, depending upon the nature and type of firing employed.
The degree of correlation between this practice and service performance is not fully determinable. This is intended to be an accelerated practice that generates a substantial degree of reaction in a relatively short amount of time. This acceleration may be accomplished by changing the composition and/or concentration of the reactants, increasing temperatures, or by performing the test in an isothermal environment.
Since the practice may not accurately simulate the service environment, observed results of this practice may not be representative of those found in service. It is imperative that the user understand and consider how the results of this practice may differ from those encountered in service. This is particularly likely if the reaction products, their nature, or their degree differ from those normally found in the actual service environment.
It is incumbent upon the user to understand that this is an aggressive, accelerated practice and to be careful in interpreting the results. If, for example, the reaction species have never been found in a real world furnace, then this practice should not necessarily be considered valid to evaluate the refractory in question.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a procedure for comparing the behavior of refractories in contact with vapors under conditions intended to simulate the environment within a glass melting or other type of furnace when refractories are exposed to vapors from raw batch, molten glass, fuel, fuel contaminants, or other sources. This procedure is intended to accelerate service conditions for the purpose of determining in a relatively short time the interval resistance to fluxing, bloating, shrinkage, expansion, mineral conversion, disintegration, or other physical changes that may occur.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:C987–00a (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Practice for
1
Vapor Attack on Refractories for Furnace Superstructures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C987; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope practice may differ from those encountered in service. This is
particularly likely if the reaction products, their nature, or their
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for comparing the
degree differ from those normally found in the actual service
behaviorofrefractoriesincontactwithvaporsunderconditions
environment.
intended to simulate the environment within a glass melting or
2.5 It is incumbent upon the user to understand that this is
other type of furnace when refractories are exposed to vapors
an aggressive, accelerated practice and to be careful in inter-
from raw batch, molten glass, fuel, fuel contaminants, or other
preting the results. If, for example, the reaction species have
sources. This procedure is intended to accelerate service
never been found in a real world furnace, then this practice
conditions for the purpose of determining in a relatively short
should not necessarily be considered valid to evaluate the
time the interval resistance to fluxing, bloating, shrinkage,
refractory in question.
expansion, mineral conversion, disintegration, or other physi-
cal changes that may occur.
3. Apparatus
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 The crucible for containing the reactant shall be a dense
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
alumina or platinum crucible of conical shape with dimensions
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of 43 mm in diameter at top, 33 mm in diameter at bottom, and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
53 mm high.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2 The crucible-cover assembly (Fig. 1) may be supported
2. Significance and Use within a suitable refractory holding crucible (Fig. 2) such as
mullite to maintain the position of the cover, if an excessive
2.1 This practice provides a guide for evaluating the resis-
amount of glass phase reaction product is anticipated.
tance of refractories in glass melting furnace superstructures to
3.3 The electric heating chamber shall be of sufficient size
vapor attack. This test method may also be useful for evaluat-
to accommodate at least three assemblies for comparative
ing refractories in other applications where vapor attack
evaluation. The temperature control system shall be capable of
occurs.
maintaining a desired holding temperature with a tolerance of
2.2 An electric-heated furnace is recommended. Water va-
63°C.
por and other atmospheric components in a gas- or fuel-fired
furnace may participate in the chemical and physical reactions
4. Specimen Preparation
being studied. Results may differ, therefore, depending upon
4.1 The test specimen shall conform to the following
the nature and type of firing employed.
dimensions with major faces cut or ground parallel and flat to
2.3 The degree of correlation between this practice and
form a tight seal with top of crucible:
service performance is not fully determinable. This is intended
4.1.1 Length, 55 6 2 mm,
to be an accelerated practice that generates a substantial degree
4.1.2 Width, 55 6 2 mm, and
of reaction in a relatively short amount of time. This accelera-
4.1.3 Thickness, 20 6 1.0 mm.
tion may be accomplished by changing the composition and/or
4.2 Selection—Use specimens that are free of defects such
concentration of the reactants, increasing temperatures, or by
as cracks, fissures, and voids. Where obvious defects in
performing the test in an isothermal environment.
specimens appear after testing is completed, disregard the
2.4 Since the practice may not accurately simulate the
results and repeat the test.
service environment, observed results of this practice may not
4.3 Three specimens of a refractory brand shall constitute a
be representative of those found in service. It is imperative that
test.
the user understand and consider how the results of this
5. Procedure
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC08onRefractories
5.1 The reactant shall be selected such that the vapor
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.10 on Refractories for Glass.
generated during the test is similar to the vapor encountered in
Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originally
service. Some reactants that have been found suitable for this
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C987 –
...
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