ASTM G95-07(2021)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cathodic Disbondment Test of Pipeline Coatings (Attached Cell Method) (Withdrawn 2024)
Standard Test Method for Cathodic Disbondment Test of Pipeline Coatings (Attached Cell Method) (Withdrawn 2024)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Damage to pipe coating is almost unavoidable during transportation and construction. Breaks or holidays in pipe coatings may expose the pipe to possible corrosion since, after a pipe has been installed underground, the surrounding earth will be moisture-bearing and will constitute an effective electrolyte. Applied cathodic protection potentials may cause loosening of the coating, beginning at holiday edges. Spontaneous holidays may also be caused by such potentials. This test method provides accelerated conditions for cathodic disbondment to occur and provides a measure of resistance of coatings to this type of action.
4.2 The effects of the test are to be evaluated by physical examinations and monitoring the current drawn by the test specimen. Usually there is no correlation between the two methods of evaluation, but both methods are significant. Physical examination consists of assessing the effective contact of the coating with the metal surface in terms of observed differences in the relative adhesive bond. It is usually found that the cathodically disbonded area propagates from an area where adhesion is zero to an area where adhesion reaches the original level. An intermediate zone of decreased adhesion may also be present.
4.3 Assumptions associated with test results include:
4.3.1 Maximum adhesion, or bond, is found in the coating that was not immersed in the test liquid, and
4.3.2 Decreased adhesion in the immersed test area is the result of cathodic disbondment.
4.4 Ability to resist disbondment is a desired quality on a comparative basis, but disbondment in this test method is not necessarily an adverse indication of coating performance. The virtue of this test method is that all dielectric-type coatings now in common use will disbond to some degree, thus providing a means of comparing one coating to another.
4.5 The current density appearing in this test method is much greater than that usually required for cathodic protection in nat...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers accelerated procedures for simultaneously determining comparative characteristics of coating systems applied to steep pipe exterior for the purpose of preventing or mitigating corrosion that may occur in underground service where the pipe will be in contact with natural soils and will receive cathodic protection. They are intended for use with samples of coated pipe taken from commercial production and are applicable to such samples when the coating is characterized by function as an electrical barrier.
1.2 This test method is intended to facilitate testing of coatings where the test cell is cemented to the surface of the coated pipe specimen. This is appropriate when it is impractical to submerge or immerse the test specimen as required by Test Methods G8, G42, or G80. Coating sample configuration such as flat plate and small diameter pipe may be used, provided that the test procedure remains unchanged.2
1.3 This test method allows options that must be identified in the report.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covered accelerated procedures for simultaneously determining comparative characteristics of coating systems applied to ste...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G95 − 07 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Cathodic Disbondment Test of Pipeline Coatings (Attached
Cell Method)
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG95;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This test method covers accelerated procedures for
simultaneously determining comparative characteristics of
2. Referenced Documents
coating systems applied to steep pipe exterior for the purpose
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of preventing or mitigating corrosion that may occur in
G8Test Methods for Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline Coat-
underground service where the pipe will be in contact with
ings
natural soils and will receive cathodic protection. They are
G12Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Film
intended for use with samples of coated pipe taken from
Thickness of Pipeline Coatings on Steel (Withdrawn
commercial production and are applicable to such samples
2013)
when the coating is characterized by function as an electrical
G42Test Method for Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline
barrier.
Coatings Subjected to Elevated Temperatures
1.2 This test method is intended to facilitate testing of
G62Test Methods for Holiday Detection in Pipeline Coat-
coatings where the test cell is cemented to the surface of the
ings
coated pipe specimen. This is appropriate when it is impracti-
G80Test Method for Specific Cathodic Disbonding of Pipe-
cal to submerge or immerse the test specimen as required by
line Coatings (Withdrawn 2013)
Test Methods G8, G42,or G80. Coating sample configuration
such as flat plate and small diameter pipe may be used,
3. Summary of Test Method
provided that the test procedure remains unchanged.
3.1 The test method described subjects the coating on the
1.3 This test method allows options that must be identified testspecimentoelectricalstressinahighlyconductivealkaline
in the report. electrolyte. Electrical stress is obtained from an impressed
direct-current system. An intentional holiday is to be made in
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
the coating prior to starting of test.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.1 Electrical instrumentation is provided for measuring
only.
the current and the potential throughout the test cycle. At the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
conclusion of the test period, the test specimen is physically
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
examined.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 Physical examination is conducted by comparing the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
extent of loosened or disbonded coating at the intentional
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
holiday in the immersed area with extent of loosened or
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
disbondedcoatingatareferenceholidaymadeinthecoatingin
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
an area that was not immersed.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 4. Significance and Use
4.1 Damage to pipe coating is almost unavoidable during
transportation and construction. Breaks or holidays in pipe
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.48 on Durability of Pipeline Coating and Linings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approvedin1987.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2013asG95–07(2013).DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/G0095-07R21. the ASTM website.
2 4
For other cathodic disbondment testing procedures, consult Test Methods G8, The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
G42, and G80. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
G95 − 07 (2021)
coatings may expose the pipe to possible corrosion since, after 4.3.2 Decreased adhesion in the immersed test area is the
a pipe has been installed underground, the surrounding earth result of cathodic disbondment.
will be moisture-bearing and will constitute an effective
4.4 Ability to resist disbondment is a desired quality on a
electrolyte. Applied cathodic protection potentials may cause
comparative basis, but disbondment in this test method is not
loosening of the coating, beginning at holiday edges. Sponta-
necessarily an adverse indication of coating performance. The
neousholidaysmayalsobecausedbysuchpotentials.Thistest
virtueofthistestmethodisthatalldielectric-typecoatingsnow
method provides accelerated conditions for cathodic disbond-
in common use will disbond to some degree, thus providing a
ment to occur and provides a measure of resistance of coatings
means of comparing one coating to another.
to this type of action.
4.5 The current density appearing in this test method is
4.2 The effects of the test are to be evaluated by physical
much greater than that usually required for cathodic protection
examinations and monitoring the current drawn by the test
in natural environments.
specimen. Usually there is no correlation between the two
methods of evaluation, but both methods are significant.
5. Apparatus
Physicalexaminationconsistsofassessingtheeffectivecontact
of the coating with the metal surface in terms of observed
5.1 Test Vessel—A transparent plastic or glass tube that is
differences in the relative adhesive bond. It is usually found
centered over the intentional holiday and sealed to the test
that the cathodically disbonded area propagates from an area
sample surface with a waterproof sealing material. The cylin-
where adhesion is zero to an area where adhesion reaches the
der is to be 101.6 mm (4.0 in. nominal diameter) and of
originallevel.Anintermediatezoneofdecreasedadhesionmay
sufficient height to contain 127.0 mm (5.0 in.) of electrolyte.
also be present.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 apply to this entire section.
4.3 Assumptions associated with test results include:
NOTE 1—Size of vessel shall remain unchanged. Sealing procedure
4.3.1 Maximum adhesion, or bond, is found in the coating
must be altered to accommodate specimen having a diameter less than
that was not immersed in the test liquid, and 101.60 mm (4 in.).
FIG. 1 Typical Test Set Up
G95 − 07 (2021)
5.8 Direct-Current Power Supply—Capable of supplying
low-ripple voltage at 3.0, 60.01, V, as measured between the
test specimen and reference electrode.
5.9 Precision Wire-Wound Resistor—1 Ω, 61 %, 1-W
(minimum) to be used in the test cell circuit as a shunt for
measuring current.
5.10 Thickness Gage—For measuring coating thickness in
accordance with Test Method G12.
5.11 HolidayDetector—Forlocatingholidaysinthecoating
of the test specimen in accordance with Test Methods G62.
5.12 Connections—Wiringfromcurrentsourcetothespeci-
men shall be by either soldering, brazing, or bolting to the
non-immersed area of the specimen.Ajunction in the connec-
tion wire is not desirable but, if necessary, may be made by
means of a bolted pair of terminal lugs, soldering or mechani-
cally crimping to clean wire ends.
5.13 Additional Connecting Wires—If additional wiring is
necessary, it shall be stranded, insulated copper and not less
than 1.75 mm (0.069 in. -14 gage) diameter.
5.14 Holiday Tools—Adrill and a suitable drill bit that will
accomplish drilling of test hole, as described under 8.2.A
sharp-pointed knife, with a safe handle is required for use in
making physical examination.
FIG. 2 Anode Assembly
6. Reagent and M
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G95 − 07 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Cathodic Disbondment Test of Pipeline Coatings (Attached
Cell Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G95; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This test method covers accelerated procedures for
simultaneously determining comparative characteristics of
2. Referenced Documents
coating systems applied to steep pipe exterior for the purpose
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of preventing or mitigating corrosion that may occur in
G8 Test Methods for Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline Coat-
underground service where the pipe will be in contact with
ings
natural soils and will receive cathodic protection. They are
G12 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Film
intended for use with samples of coated pipe taken from
Thickness of Pipeline Coatings on Steel (Withdrawn
commercial production and are applicable to such samples
2013)
when the coating is characterized by function as an electrical
G42 Test Method for Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline
barrier.
Coatings Subjected to Elevated Temperatures
1.2 This test method is intended to facilitate testing of
G62 Test Methods for Holiday Detection in Pipeline Coat-
coatings where the test cell is cemented to the surface of the
ings
coated pipe specimen. This is appropriate when it is impracti-
G80 Test Method for Specific Cathodic Disbonding of Pipe-
cal to submerge or immerse the test specimen as required by
line Coatings (Withdrawn 2013)
Test Methods G8, G42, or G80. Coating sample configuration
such as flat plate and small diameter pipe may be used,
3. Summary of Test Method
provided that the test procedure remains unchanged.
3.1 The test method described subjects the coating on the
1.3 This test method allows options that must be identified
test specimen to electrical stress in a highly conductive alkaline
in the report. electrolyte. Electrical stress is obtained from an impressed
direct-current system. An intentional holiday is to be made in
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
the coating prior to starting of test.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.1 Electrical instrumentation is provided for measuring
only.
the current and the potential throughout the test cycle. At the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
conclusion of the test period, the test specimen is physically
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
examined.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 Physical examination is conducted by comparing the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
extent of loosened or disbonded coating at the intentional
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
holiday in the immersed area with extent of loosened or
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
disbonded coating at a reference holiday made in the coating in
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
an area that was not immersed.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 4. Significance and Use
4.1 Damage to pipe coating is almost unavoidable during
transportation and construction. Breaks or holidays in pipe
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.48 on Durability of Pipeline Coating and Linings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as G95 – 07 (2013). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/G0095-07R21. the ASTM website.
2 4
For other cathodic disbondment testing procedures, consult Test Methods G8, The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
G42, and G80. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
G95 − 07 (2021)
coatings may expose the pipe to possible corrosion since, after 4.3.2 Decreased adhesion in the immersed test area is the
a pipe has been installed underground, the surrounding earth result of cathodic disbondment.
will be moisture-bearing and will constitute an effective
4.4 Ability to resist disbondment is a desired quality on a
electrolyte. Applied cathodic protection potentials may cause
comparative basis, but disbondment in this test method is not
loosening of the coating, beginning at holiday edges. Sponta-
necessarily an adverse indication of coating performance. The
neous holidays may also be caused by such potentials. This test
virtue of this test method is that all dielectric-type coatings now
method provides accelerated conditions for cathodic disbond-
in common use will disbond to some degree, thus providing a
ment to occur and provides a measure of resistance of coatings
means of comparing one coating to another.
to this type of action.
4.5 The current density appearing in this test method is
4.2 The effects of the test are to be evaluated by physical
much greater than that usually required for cathodic protection
examinations and monitoring the current drawn by the test
in natural environments.
specimen. Usually there is no correlation between the two
methods of evaluation, but both methods are significant.
5. Apparatus
Physical examination consists of assessing the effective contact
of the coating with the metal surface in terms of observed
5.1 Test Vessel—A transparent plastic or glass tube that is
differences in the relative adhesive bond. It is usually found
centered over the intentional holiday and sealed to the test
that the cathodically disbonded area propagates from an area
sample surface with a waterproof sealing material. The cylin-
where adhesion is zero to an area where adhesion reaches the
der is to be 101.6 mm (4.0 in. nominal diameter) and of
original level. An intermediate zone of decreased adhesion may
sufficient height to contain 127.0 mm (5.0 in.) of electrolyte.
also be present.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 apply to this entire section.
4.3 Assumptions associated with test results include:
NOTE 1—Size of vessel shall remain unchanged. Sealing procedure
4.3.1 Maximum adhesion, or bond, is found in the coating
must be altered to accommodate specimen having a diameter less than
that was not immersed in the test liquid, and 101.60 mm (4 in.).
FIG. 1 Typical Test Set Up
G95 − 07 (2021)
5.8 Direct-Current Power Supply—Capable of supplying
low-ripple voltage at 3.0, 60.01, V, as measured between the
test specimen and reference electrode.
5.9 Precision Wire-Wound Resistor—1 Ω, 61 %, 1-W
(minimum) to be used in the test cell circuit as a shunt for
measuring current.
5.10 Thickness Gage—For measuring coating thickness in
accordance with Test Method G12.
5.11 Holiday Detector—For locating holidays in the coating
of the test specimen in accordance with Test Methods G62.
5.12 Connections—Wiring from current source to the speci-
men shall be by either soldering, brazing, or bolting to the
non-immersed area of the specimen. A junction in the connec-
tion wire is not desirable but, if necessary, may be made by
means of a bolted pair of terminal lugs, soldering or mechani-
cally crimping to clean wire ends.
5.13 Additional Connecting Wires—If additional wiring is
necessary, it shall be stranded, insulated copper and not less
than 1.75 mm (0.069 in. -14 gage) diameter.
5.14 Holiday Tools—A drill and a suitable drill bit that will
accomplish drilling of test hole, as described under 8.2. A
sharp-pointed knife, with a safe handle is required for use in
making physical examination.
FIG. 2 Anode Assembly
6. Reagent and Materials
6.1 The electrolyte shall consist of distilled or deionized
water with the addit
...
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